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Biomedical subjects

A Froment

Publications and source records attributed to A Froment.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Massive overfeeding and energy balance in men: the Guru Walla model.

To determine the magnitude of the thermogenic response to a massive long-term overfeeding, an energy-balance study was carried out in nine lean, young Cameroonian men participating in a traditional fattening session: the Guru Walla. Food intake, body weight, body composition, activity, and metabolic rates were recorded during a 10-d baseline period and over the 61-65 d of fattening. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured by using doubly labeled water during the baseline period and the final 10 d of Guru Walla. Cumulative overfeeding consisted of 955 +/- 252 MJ (chi +/- SD) mainly as carbohydrate. Body-weight increase was 17 +/- 4 kg, 64-75% as fat. Metabolic rates increased but TEE did not. However, when accounting for the reduction in physical activity, substantial thermogenesis was observed but its amplitude was not greater than that observed under less extreme carbohydrate-overfeeding conditions. If luxuskonsumption does exist, it is not related to the magnitude of the cumulative overfeeding.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1992

[Morphologic differentiation of modern humans: correspondence between skull form and geographic distribution of population].

Multivariate distance analysis of 7 to 9 classical craniometric dimensions was carried out on a large number (n = 536) of modern human populations. Results obtained showed that the scatter plot based on morphological affinities was very similar to geographic dispersion of sample populations. Asia appeared to be closer to a possible center of dispersion than any other location.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1991

[Primary prevention of hypertension in the general population. The Lyon Action for the Prevention of Hypertension and Atherosclerosis].

UNLABELLED: The aim of ALPHA (1976-1982) was to realize an action of cardiovascular prevention in a professional population, by combining a) an education of the general population and b) an individual managing of the high risk people. The "Study" (S) population originated from Lyon; the "Reference" (R) population originated from two smaller cities. There was no randomization. The plan of the study included: A baseline cross study, dealing respectively with 9,598 and 9,558 subjects in S and R; The educational intervention, aiming chiefly at reducing caloric and sodium intakes, and at increasing the potassium intake; The evaluation was done after five years, by re-examining the subjects seen at the baseline study and still present in the enterprises. Mainly because of the economic crisis, the re-examination rates were only about 45%. RESULTS: at the baseline, BP's were not significantly different: 137/77 S vs 132/75 R for men, and 129/74 S vs 126/73 R for women. The final comparisons about primary prevention of hypertension were computed after adjustment for age and sex, after exclusion of the subjects who were hypertensive at baseline. The knowledges about hygiene were significantly but moderately better in S. The urinary Na/K and Na/Creatinine ratios did not differ significantly. The alcohol intake was lower in S (p less than 0.001). The incidence of HT was greater in S (p less than 0.001). The means of the individual variations of systolic and diastolic BP were computed: the adjusted differences S-R were respectively + 1.53 and 2.19 mmHg for systolic and diastolic (p less than 0.001 for both). CONCLUSION: the feasibility of the intervention was moderate. The failure to demonstrate any prevention of HT might indicate that the hypothesis was wrong, and/or that the methodology was inadequate.

France↗
PubMed1979

[Comparison of hospitalized hypertensive patients and those consulting in a specialized unit. Initial clinical state and patient compliance].

This study is based on a series of 1919 hypertensive patients examined consecutively either in hospital or in the out patient clinic between 1969 and 1977 and reviewed in February 1977 by a postal questionnaire. The initial presentation of in-patients and out-patients differed very significantly in the same specialised department: the patients hospitalised were seen at a more advanced stage of their hypertensive illness. Neither group was truly representative of the general population of hypertensive patients. The percentage of patient compliance was only slightly lower in the out-patients. The mortality rate observed did not differ significantly from the expected mortality rate in out-patients; despite treatment it remained over 200% greater in the hospitalised group. It would seem desirable to develop out-patient rather than in-patient hospital facilities for the treatment of hypertension, despite the foreseeable practical difficulties.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Relationship of sodium intake and arterial hypertension. Contribution of geographical epidemiology (author's transl)].

1. In 28 populations over the world, are available both mean daily sodium intake and trend of the means of blood pressure in adulthood (in order to compute the slope of linear regression of pressure over age). In both sexes, the sodium intake is very significantly correlated with systolic and diastolic slopes, with systolic and diastolic pressures at age 50, and with systolic pressure at age 20. 2. In limited geographic areas, hypertension appears to be always more prevalent in the communities having the larger sodium intake. 3. Low salt intake communities are always primitive. The positive trend of blood pressure with larger salt intake might be also attributed to acculturation process, body weight increase, and diminution of potassium intake. 4. The data now available lead to advise, as soon as possible in life, a prevention of hypertension based upon reduction of sodium intake and increase of vegetable potassium intake.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Reducing the burden of hypertension on the community. From control to prevention (author's transl)].

Hypertension is a powerful and widespread cardiovascular risk factor, that can be effectively treated, but is still considerably undertreated. Better control of hypertension could be achieved by enhancing case finding, stimulating antihypertensive drug prescription, and improving patient compliance through a better doctor-patient relationship. Whatever the effectiveness of the current programmes of control of hypertension in the community, it remains to develop a preventive approach based on reducing salt intake and preventing overweight in young adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computer-assisted patient-care management.

A computer-assisted patient-care management system is currently operating in two patient-care units as part of a pilot project at the Hôpital Cardiologique, a member institution of the Hospices Civils de Lyon. The system includes the management of administrative records (notice of admission set to the patient-care unit, appointment for admission sent to the patient, notice of admission set to the physician requesting hospitalization, admissions and discharges, patient census) and of patient-care records (orders, examinations, laboratory tests, medications, injections and treatments, a summary list or orders to be carried out during the day, labels for laboratory specimens and requistions for the tests and examinations to be performed); and the medical management of the patient (clinical summary of patient status at admission, results of tests and examinations, summary of hospitalization, data for research and statistics). Computerization was begun in 1977, following the implementation of individualized patient-care records in 1976. The system will be evaluated in 1978 and extended to the remainder of the hospital (18 patient-care units) by the end of 1979.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Estimation of the frequency of reno-vascular hypertension among unselected hypertensives (author's transl)].

In practical terms the frequency of renovascular hypertension can only be measured from groups of hospitalized hypertensives, in which severe forms and young subjects are over-represented, thus leading probably to an overestimate. Using a group of 1 009 consecutively hospitalized hypertensives, the frequency of renovascular hypertension was measured in 18 subgroups defined by sex, age (three classes) and blood pressure (three classes). For each subgroup the specific rate was then multiplied by the prevalence of the corresponding category in the population of unselected 20-64 years old hypertensives. This method led to the following conclusions: about 2% of the unselected hypertensives would be candidates for surgical correction of renovascular hypertension and 0.5% would be cured.

Adolescent↗