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Biomedical subjects

A Ferrero

Publications and source records attributed to A Ferrero.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of gluten-derived fractions on chemiluminescence production by human neutrophils.

The effects of gliadin and glyc-gli on leukocyte chemiluminescence response were assessed in vitro. A dose-dependent increase in chemiluminescence response of neutrophils stimulated by zymosan was observed by using gliadin at concentrations ranging between 1 and 20 micrograms. By increasing glyc-gli concentration, a bimodal response was observed with an enhancement up to 50 micrograms/ml, followed by suppressive effects, which were again dose-dependent. The possible implications of these findings in human pathology are discussed.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behavior of cinosulfuron in paddy surface waters, sediments, and ground water.

Cinosulfuron (3-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-1-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenylsulfonyl]-urea) is a sulfonylurea herbicide used to control a wide range of broadleaf weeds in rice (Oryza sativa L.). A 2-yr field study was conducted in northwest Italy to determine the effect of cinosulfuron on surface and subsoil waters in rice paddies. Cinosulfuron was applied at 70 g a.i. ha(-1) on 35 ha of flooded rice. After the treatment, the change in herbicide concentration over time was studied by analyzing water and sediment samples in a test paddy field (2.16 ha, located in the treated area), water in a spring and a pond (both located near the test paddy), two wells (up- and downhill to the treated area), and two piezometers (along the test paddy levee). To better understand some of the field study results, cinosulfuron degradation was also evaluated in the laboratory in solutions buffered to different pH values. Two weeks after the treatment, the cinosulfuron concentration in the paddy water decreased by about 60%. No cinosulfuron was detected at about 2.5 mo after the treatment. The concentration in the sediment gradually increased after the treatment, reaching the highest value (13.53 microg kg(-1)) 3 wk later. The maximum cinosulfuron content in the spring and pond were 0.91 and 0.29 microg L(-1), respectively, and these were detected 60 to 90 days after treatment (DAT). The water collected in the piezometers reached the highest concentration (0.99 microg L(-1)) 29 DAT. Cinosulfuron was never detected in the wells. In the degradation study at different pH values, cinosulfuron degraded rapidly at low pH values.

Agriculture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indications and results of radical treatment of gallbladder carcinoma].

Extended cholecystectomy is the only chance of a cure for patients with locally advanced cancer of the gallbladder. The aim of the study was to evaluate the short- and long-term results of surgical treatment and to define the prognostic factors associated with better survival. We conducted a retrospective study in 81 patients with gallbladder cancer admitted to our surgical department from 1985 to 1999. Radical surgery was performed on 39 patients. The type of surgical treatment was based on the TNM stage of the disease: all but stage I patients underwent extended cholecystectomy (resection of segment IVa-V, N1-2 lymph-node dissection). The mortality and morbidity rates were 5.1% and 28.2%, respectively. In the patients undergoing curative resection, the 5-year survival was 31.5% (75% in T1 patients, 57.1% in T2, 25.9% in T3 and 0% in T4. Long-term survival of patients with T1-2 tumours was significantly better than that of T3 (P = 0.02) or T4 patients (P = 0.0003); 53.6% of N0 patients were still alive at 5 years as against only 14.5% of N+ patients (P = 0.06). Depth of infiltration is an important prognostic factor. The presence of lymph-node metastases should not be a contraindication to surgery since long-term survival is possible.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[New perspectives of the mechanism of action of antidepressants arised from genomic theory of depression].

Depression is a highly prevalent condition in adult population. Research on the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs is also expected to allow a better comprehension about its etiopathogenesis. First theories about neurobiology of depression pointed out the monoaminergic modifications elicited by antidepressants. However, these changes could not be correlated with the latency of action observed in their clinical use. In 1997, with the formulation of genomic theory of depression, old theories and new knowledge about cellular and molecular effects of antidepressant treatment became congruent. The main goal of this paper is to review this theory and the scientific papers in which it is supported. Scientific evidences against genomic theory of antidepressant action are also mentioned. CREB's participation in antidepressant response, as well as BDNF trophic effect and their intracellular signaling pathways are described, as many of these molecules could become targets for the action of new antidepressants.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Discussion groups with chronic psychotics in the context of community therapy].

The paper describes the Authors clinical experience of "discussion groups" with psychotic patients. Attention is focused on the problems arising from the community therapy context, the general layout of the setting, the definition of objectives and methods, and in particular the attitude of group leaders.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Glutamatergic neurotransmission, depression and antidepressants].

Depression is a psychiatric disorder that affects 20% of the population. Despite the efforts aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying its behavioral and affective symptoms, no consensus has been reached. In the last years two new theories, the glutamatergic and the genomic ones, have been proposed. Upon the first, the exposition to stressful stimuli increases hippocampal glutamatergic neurotransmission and triggers excitotoxic changes. The second one postulates that depression is closely correlated with neuronal atrophy due to a decrease in BDNF. The aim of this work is to review recent findings about the glutamatergic neurotransmission and its implication in animal models of depression, depressed patients and in both conditions after the antidepressant treatment. We also tried to identify possible links between these observations and the genomic theory.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Parenchyma sparing: evolution of the resective surgical approach of hepatic metastasis from the colorectum].

Liver surgery for colorectal metastasis has moved toward a parenchymal sparing strategy in order to reduce postoperative liver failure, to resect an higher number of metastases and to allow a future re-resection. Patients undergone hepatectomy in our Department before and after 1999 were retrospectively compared. In the recent years surgery became more aggressive: a higher number of patients with multiple and bilateral lesions were treated. Short-term results improved in the recent series. After 1999, the rate of wedge resections was significantly increased with the same oncological radicality and with improved long-term results. Moreover, parenchymal sparing strategy allowed a higher re-resection rate in patients with liver recurrence.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary hyperaldosteronism. Analysis of risk factors associated with persistent postoperative hypertension.

Between 1983 and 1992, 24 patients with primary hyperaldosteronism were operated at our division. Among these, 21 had adrenal adenoma and constituted the subjects of our study. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine risk factors that could potentially lead to persistent arterial hypertension (5 cases or 23.9%). The variables of the univariate and the multivariate analyses were: sex, age, diameter of the neoplasm, preoperative duration of the hypertension, and familial hypertension. The analysis demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the resolution of hypertension and the variables. Though not statistically significant, the only variable that approached statistical significance (p < 0.11) was familial hypertension.

Adenoma↗