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Biomedical subjects

A Ferrante

Publications and source records attributed to A Ferrante.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Early decay of human neutrophil chemotactic responsiveness following isolation from peripheral blood.

The data presented show an early decay of chemotaxis and random mobility, compared to phagocytic and metabolic activity in neutrophils kept at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C. Evidence is presented which suggests that hydrogen peroxide is one of the contributing factors in the loss of neutrophil chemotactic properties. The early decay of neutrophil chemotactic responsiveness is discussed in terms of the auto-oxidative damage caused to the cell membrane by hydrogen peroxide.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1979

Effect of mefloquine on the immune response in mice.

The effect of mefloquine, a new antimalarial compound, on the immune response in mice was studied in vitro and in vivo. Slight inhibition of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferative responses was observed at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml, and marked cytotoxicity at 4 microgram/ml. In contrast, a higher proportion of human lymphocytes remained viable at the same concentration of mefloquine. Antibody responses to sheep erythrocytes were impaired in mice receiving a total dose of 60 mg/kg. At this dosage schedule, delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to the same antigen were not affected.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Amphotericin B-induced immunosuppression in tumor-bearing mice.

B16 melanoma-bearing mice had a reduced capacity to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivity response, and this response was further depressed when these mice were also treated with multiple daily doses of amphotericin B (AmB). Results from the present experiments, which were designed to simulate the clinical situation, indicate that patients receiving AmB may require frequent monitoring of immune functions during treatment.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1979

Effect of bilirubin on the fungicidal capacity of human neutrophils.

The effect of unconjugated bilirubin on the fungicidal capacity of human neutrophils was examined. Per cent Torulopsis glabrata killed in the presence of 1 x 10(-5) and 5 x 10(-5) M bilirubin was 72.7 +/- 2.5 and 40.9 +/- 7.2 respectively, compared to 81.4 +/- 4.1 in control (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.001), respectively). This effect was not due to a concomitant inhibition of phagocytosis. The results suggest that jaundiced neonates may be more susceptible to fungal infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Requirement of heat-labile opsonins for maximal phagocytosis of Candida albicans.

The requirement for heat-labile opsonins for phagocytosis of 2 serologically distinct strains and a number of clinical isolates of Candida albicans was examined by a previously described radiometric technique. The results indicated that both strains and all 10 isolates of C. albicans examined required heat-labile opsonins for maximal phagocytosis. The data suggest that heat-labile opsonins play an important role in immunity to C. albicans. However, the possibility that some strains of C. albicans may not utilize heat-labile opsonins cannot be excluded.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed1979

Activation of the alternative complement pathway by Torulopsis glabrata.

Torulopsis glabrata is a yeast-like fungus with increasing importance as an opportunistic human pathogen. The role of serum complement in resistance to this infection was studied by chemotactic and opsonic assays. The results indicate that T. glabrata activates complement via the alternative pathway. This may be an important mechanism in host immunity to this fungus.

Candida↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of experimental Naegleria meningoencephalitis with a combination of amphotericin B and rifamycin.

The treatment of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis was examined using a mouse model. Rifamycin by itself was ineffective. However, a synergistic effect was observed when used in combination with amphotericin B. This finding may prove useful in the treatment of patients with primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, for which satisfactory treatment is currently unavailable.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1979

Miconazole prolongs murine skin graft survival.

The effects of miconazole, a broad spectrum anti-fungal compound, on the immune response was studied in mice. At the non-toxic dose of 300 mg/kg per day, there was minimal suppression of the antibody response to sheep red blood cells. In contrast, there was a marked prolongation of skin graft survival from 13.6 +/- 1.8 days (mean +/- s.d.) in untreated mice to 18.6 +/- 3.5 dyas in the treated group. Miconazole may be of use in clinical transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Inhibition of mitogen-induced human lymphocyte proliferative responses by tetracycline analogues.

The effect of tetracyclines on mitogen-induced proliferative responses of human lymphocytes was examined. The results showed that of the three tetracycline analogues studied, doxycycline possessed the most potent inhibiting effects. This occurred at drug concentrations (1--10 micrograms/ml) easily attainable in serum during conventional dosage schedules. Other investigations have shown that tetracyclines also interfere with neutrophil function. Taken together, these findings may have clinical significance. Recovery from serious infections generally requires some minimal host immune responses, and the immunosuppressive side-effects of tetracyclines may have detrimental effects on patients with debilitating illnesses or impaired immunological defence mechanisms. Furthermore, tetracyclines may share some common properties of conventional immunosuppressive drugs, such as cytotoxicity, teratogenicity and cancerogenicity. The long-term use of tetracyclines for conditions such as chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis and acne vulgaris needs to be re-examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of quinidine on mitogen-induced human lymphocyte transformation.

The effect of quinidine on mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation was examined using a microculture technique. The results showed that, at concentrations attainable during therapy, this drug exerted an inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation. This inhibitory effect could be partially reversed by washing. The inhibitory effect was quite substantial when the drug was added 48 hours after the initiation of cultures. The clinical implications of this immunosuppressive property of quinidine are discussed.

Drug Interactions↗
PubMed1979

Suppression of immunological responses in mice by treatment with amphotericin B.

The polyene antibiotic amphotericin B (AmB) caused a marked suppression of the cell-mediated immune response in mice. Similar treatment did not effect the humoral antibody response. The immunosuppressive property of the drug was related to its ability to inhibit the manifestation rather than the induction phase of the delayed-type hypersensitivity response. In vitro AmB suppressed mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation. The drug seemed to act at the proliferative phase of the response. Results presented show that the T cell response was much more sensitive to the action of AmB than was the B cell response. During AmB chemotherapy consideration must be given to the immunosuppressive properties of this drug.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1978

Synergism between tetracycline and amphotericin B in experimental amoebic meningoencephalitis.

The efficacy of tetracycline and amphotericin B in the treatment of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis was studied by means of a mouse model. The results showed marked synergism between these two drugs. Mice who recieved 50 microgram amphotericin B daily succumbed to the infection with only 28.6% survival compared to 0% in untreated controls. In contrast, survival percentage was increased to 66.7% and 84.6% in mice receiving the combined dosage schedule of 50 microgram amphotericin B with 2 tetracycline, and 50 microgram amphotericin B with 3 mg tetracycline, respectively. The finding of synergism between tetracycline and amphotericin may provide a better means for the treatment of this disease.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1978

A rapid one-step procedure for purification of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from human blood using a modification of the Hypaque-Ficoll technique.

A one-step procedure for purification of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from human blood is described. It is a modification of the Hypaque-Ficoll method with density of 1.095 g/ml. Centrifugation at 200 X g for 20--30 min resulted in the separation of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells into 2 distinct bands at the interface. The mononuclear cell fraction contained 83.9 +/- 1.6% lymphocytes and 13.8 +/- 2.3% monocytes, while the other conssisted of highly purified neutrophils (96.4 +/- 1.0%). Leukocyte recovery by this method was always greater than 80% and viability exceeded 98%. Both cell fractions retained their immunological functions.

Blood↗