Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A F Hood

Publications and source records attributed to A F Hood.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with mucinous metaplasia.

A case of superficially invasive well-differentiated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma containing numerous mucin-producing cells both within the epidermal and dermal components is reported. Histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical overlap exists between these cells and those of extramammary Paget's disease. The presence of mucinous metaplasia within this tumor supports an intraepidermal origin for extramammary Paget's disease.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

Histopathologic reactions to chemotherapeutic agents.

This chapter represents the first effort to characterize the cutaneous histologic changes that occur in response to chemotherapy. In preparing this chapter it became increasingly evident that there are significant gaps in our knowledge and that many of the known clinical reactions have not had careful histologic study. The readers of this chapter are encouraged to report adverse reactions they have encountered and include complete histologic descriptions of biopsied material.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

Acute graft-vs-host disease. Development following autologous and syngeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) is a frequent complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation but has been infrequently reported following autologous or syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. Ninety-six autologous and 19 syngeneic marrow transplants were performed at our institution between July 1977 and March 1984. We report acute cutaneous GVHD occurring in seven patients who received autologous marrow and two patients who received marrow from an identical twin. All nine patients had clinically detectable eruptions and had skin biopsy specimens with histologic changes of grade 2 acute GVHD. Although most cases were mild and self-limiting, four patients required systemic corticosteroids to treat their disease. Thus, acute cutaneous GVHD was seen in approximately 8% of patients receiving autologous or syngeneic bone marrow transplants at our institution.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Cutaneous manifestations of Corynebacterium group JK sepsis.

A 14-year-old boy developed group JK corynebacteria sepsis and a generalized erythematous macular and papular skin eruption following chemotherapy for relapse of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Lesional skin biopsy demonstrated effacement of eccrine glands by numerous pleomorphic gram-positive bacilli, morphologically consistent with Corynebacterium and confirmed by culture. This is the first known report documenting the generalized skin manifestations and histopathologic features associated with Corynebacterium sepsis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Pruritus as a presenting sign of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A 65-year-old man with insulin-dependent diabetes developed intractable pruritus preceding weight loss and increasing fatiguability. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed infection with Candida, cytomegalovirus, and Cryptosporidium. His T cell helper/suppressor ratio was inverted, and the serum human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody was positive. Results of an extensive evaluation for internal malignancy were negative. Despite optimal care, the patient died 12 weeks after his initial hospitalization. We believe that HIV infection should be added to the list of underlying disorders that may present with pruritus.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Dermatologic findings associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are associated with an increased prevalence of several dermatologic diseases. We studied healthy homosexual men with negative reactivity to HIV antibody, homosexual men without AIDS but with positive reactivity to HIV antibody, and homosexual men with AIDS to compare the prevalence of dermatologic disease in these groups. We found that five cutaneous disorders were increased in persons with HIV infection. Oral hairy leukoplakia was increased both in seropositive subjects without AIDS and in subjects with AIDS. Condylomata acuminata and seborrheic dermatitis were slightly increased in seropositive non-AIDS subjects and significantly increased in the AIDS group. Molluscum contagiosum and oral candidiasis were increased only in the AIDS group.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Uncombable-hair syndrome.

Four children had short, unmanageable, pale blond hair. They had no associated abnormalities and no family histories of abnormal hair. Light microscopy of the hair was normal in three patients, with pili torti present in the fourth. Electron microscopy of hairs from all four children revealed longitudinal grooves in the hair shaft, diagnostic of uncombable-hair syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Histologic characteristics of vulvar nevocellular nevi.

Reports in the literature stress the premalignant potential of vulvar melanocytic lesions and the unusual histologic features associated with some vulvar nevi in premenopausal women. We examined biopsies of 85 pigmented vulvar lesions taken from women 13 to 73 years of age. There were 59 nevocellular nevi, 16 lentigines, 4 melanomas, and 6 miscellaneous lesions. The nevocellular nevi were compared to a control series of 200 nevi from the torsos of women 20 to 60 years old. Three vulvar nevi were considered to be unusual, but not dysplastic. These histologically unusual nevi occurred in women 20 to 30 years old. The lesions exhibited notable enlargement of junctional melanocytic nests with variability in the size, shape and position of the nests. Similar changes were not observed in the control group. There was a significant association (p less than 0.05) between the occurrence of these unusual lesions and their presentation on the vulva; however, these lesions showed no predilection for any particular site on the vulva. There was no evidence of an increased incidence of vulvar dysplastic nevi when compared with the control series.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cutaneous pathology following etoposide therapy.

Etoposide (VP-16) is a semisynthetic podophyllotoxin derivative that is active against a number of solid and hematologic malignancies. Previously reported cutaneous complications include Stevens-Johnson syndrome and radiation recall. We report 4 cases of cutaneous eruptions with distinctive histopathologic changes following etoposide therapy. Diffuse erythematous macules and papules developed 5-9 days after initiation of etoposide therapy and resolved spontaneously within 3 weeks. Histologic examination revealed epidermal maturation disturbances with scattered markedly enlarged individual keratinocytes. These cells had pale cytoplasms and fragmented, haphazardly dispersed nuclear chromatin in a starburst pattern ("starburst cells"). Many keratinocytes showed notable nuclear enlargement with multiple prominent nucleoli. In addition, numerous dyskeratotic cells and basilar mitotic figures in metaphase were present. Some of these changes have been described in condylomata acuminata treated with topical applications of podophyllin, a compound structurally related to etoposide. Starburst cells have not been reported in cutaneous eruptions produced by other chemotherapeutic agents. These cells may represent abnormal mitotic arrest secondary to podophyllin and its related compounds.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Pathology of cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

The only histologic finding common to all types of lupus erythematosus lesions is a perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate. The other histologic changes in lupus erythematosus are entirely dependent on the morphology and age of the individual lesions biopsied. We do not believe that the main clinical subsets of lupus erythematosus can be reliably diagnosed on the basis of histology alone. Some of the less common forms of lupus erythematosus have distinctive but not pathognomonic, histopathologic features. The pathogenesis of most of the histologic changes is relatively unknown, leaving room for speculation and future research.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

A novel model for testing enhancers of pigmentation.

Mouse skin, unlike human skin, does not contain active epidermal melanocytes, with the exception of the ear and tail skin in some pigmented strains. We have investigated enhancement of pigmentation in inbred C3H- mice using tail skin as a model for testing the effects of phosphorylated DOPA (DP) and ultraviolet radiation. Mice were restrained by cage dividers and treated with various doses of DP in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) or DMSO alone with or without the addition of UV radiation. Each tail served as its own control since only the dorsal surface was treated and irradiated. Pigmentation was graded blindly on histologic sections stained with Fontana-Masson. UV radiation caused a marked increase in epidermal and dermal pigmentation and this was enhanced in a dose-dependent manner by DP. However, there was minimal effect from DP alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Generalized papular pruritic eruption in African patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Of 284 patients hospitalized with HIV infection, 52 (18%) presented with a generalized pruritic papular eruption. No significant association between this eruption and other HIV manifestations or any opportunistic infection was found. Fifty-three of 61 (87%) consecutive African patients referred for a generalized papular pruritic eruption of unknown etiology of at least 1 month's duration were HIV seropositive, including 15 (65%) of 23 in good general condition. Thirty-seven (95%) of 38 patients with this eruption and severe weight loss (greater than 10% of normal body weight) were seropositive. The initial skin lesions were small, firm, intensely pruritic papules which released a small drop of clear fluid when scratched. Scratched papules became later hyperpigmented macules. Lesions were symmetrically distributed over the body and were most frequently found on the extensor surfaces of the arm, the dorsal surface of the hands, the inferior part of the legs, the ankles and the dorsum of the feet. Histologic examination showed a non-specific inflammatory reaction. Thirty-three (51%) patients reported that the skin eruption was their initial disease manifestation. In African patients, the presence of an unexplained generalized pruritic papular eruption is highly indicative of HIV infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗