Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A F Azmy

Publications and source records attributed to A F Azmy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Management of simple renal cysts in children.

Simple renal cysts are uncommon in children and their presentation and management has changed with increasing use of ultrasound scans. The aim of this study was to review our experience and highlight some peculiarities in diagnosis and management of these cases. Eight cases were diagnosed and two symptomatic cases underwent aspiration under ultrasound guidance; one case recurred and required re-aspiration. Differentiation of simple renal cysts from other cystic lesions of the kidney, aspiration of symptomatic cysts and the importance of long-term follow-up are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy after a subureteric injection for vesicoureteric reflux.

A 6 year old boy developed hyperammonaemic encephalopathy following a subureteric injection for treatment of vesicoureteric reflux. The hyperammonaemia may be explained by a postoperative urinary tract infection with a urea splitting organism, leading to raised urine ammonia that was absorbed easily across a dilated urinary tract. Agitation and alteration in consciousness level following a urological procedure, in a child with a dilated urinary tract, may be signs of a treatable hyperammonaemic encephalopathy.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1996

Major paediatric trauma in Glasgow 1980-1989: implications for services.

The experience of major paediatric trauma presenting both directly and indirectly over ten years to a Paediatric Teaching Hospital is presented. Of the 185 patients assessed and treated in the Resuscitation Room, 131 were considered to have sustained significant trauma: 99 being admitted to the Intensive Therapy Unit and 32 transferred to the regional Neurosurgical centre. Road traffic accidents were responsible for the majority of serious injuries and eight of the 11 deaths, emphasising the need for further preventative measures. There were 95 interhospital transfers amongst the 131 patients judged to have sustained significant trauma. The potential benefits of centralisation of services to manage major paediatric trauma, in terms of both a reduction in interhospital transfers and early involvement of experienced staff, are proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Doppler ultrasound in pelviureteric junction obstruction in infants and children.

Six infants and seven children with known pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction (11 unilateral, 2 bilateral) were assessed with Doppler ultrasound before and after diuresis. After intravenous frusemide, there was a significant increase in the resistance index in the interlobar renal arteries of the obstructed kidneys. No such change was detected in the normal kidneys. Five patients were reassessed after pyeloplasty. The Doppler indexes facilitated prediction of those cases with a satisfactory outcome after surgery. Doppler ultrasound with diuresis is useful in the assessment of PUJ obstruction in infants and children and in the postoperative follow-up.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Ultrasound evaluation of the paediatric prostate.

OBJECTIVE: To document the shape, echogenicity and volume range of the normal paediatric prostate on transabdominal ultrasound, and to determine the feasibility of imaging the seminal vesicles and prostatic urethra with transabdominal ultrasound. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Transabdominal ultrasound of the prostate was performed in 36 boys, aged 7 months-13.5 years (mean 7.7 years), with normal prostates. RESULTS: Generally the prostate was hypoechoic, ellipsoidal in shape with a volume range of 0.4-5.2 ml (mean 1.2). The seminal vesicles were demonstrated in 56% of boys but only occasionally could the urethra be visualized. No colour flow was demonstrated within the prostate. CONCLUSION: The paediatric prostate can be easily visualized by transabdominal ultrasound. This technique may be of value in the investigation of incontinence, posterior urethral valves and seminal vesicle pathology, and in the monitoring of prostatic volume in hypogonadal boys.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The value of ultrasound in the child with an acute urinary tract infection.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of an ultrasound examination in children with a proven urinary tract infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The results of renal ultrasound and 99mTc-dimercapto-succinic acid (DMSA) studies were compared in 112 children with a first documented symptomatic Escherichia coli urinary tract infection. RESULTS: Ultrasound was particularly effective in detecting the presence of obstruction, renal swelling and parenchymal change consistent with acute pyelonephritis. However, ultrasound failed to detect half of the kidneys with photon deficient areas on 99mTc DMSA scan and was unreliable in detecting the presence of scarring. CONCLUSION: An ultrasound examination alone should not be relied on in the child with an acute urinary tract infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Resectability of advanced liver tumours in children after combination chemotherapy.

Five patients with locally advanced or metastatic liver tumours were treated at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children between 1983 and 1992 by preoperative combination chemotherapy and subsequent complete resection of the residual liver tumour. Chemotherapy was generally well tolerated with few significant adverse effects. Tumour resection was accomplished by lobectomy in three cases and an extended lobectomy in the remaining two. All five children are currently well and free of disease at a mean follow-up of 36 months.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1993

Continent urinary diversion using Mitrofanoff principle in children with neurogenic bladder.

Fifteen children with urinary incontinence underwent continent urinary diversion using Mitrofanoff principle between April 1990 and March 1993, at a mean age of 14 years. Neurogenic bladder was the main underlying cause of incontinence and spina bifida accounted for the majority of cases (12 patients). Reversed vascularised appendix was used as a cutaneous stoma for intermittent self-catheterisation Fourteen out of the fifteen children treated, achieved urinary continence with 3-4 hourly catheterisation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Skin chordee without hypospadias--an under-recognised entity.

Skin chordee is a congenital abnormality due to failure of development of the mesenchyme surrounding the primitive urethra. It is frequently misdiagnosed as hypospadias. We describe the presentation and surgical management of 12 patients who presented to this hospital over the past 3 years.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Follow-up of spina bifida children with and without upper renal tract changes at birth.

The aim of this study was to assess 2 groups of children with spina bifida; one with and the other without upper renal tract (URT) changes at birth and to evaluate the outcome of their management. In Group 1, there were 148 patients who had normal URT at birth. They were studied for a mean follow-up of 131 months. Twenty-eight per cent developed URT changes in later life. The median time interval for URT changes to develop between birth and the first assessment which showed abnormal finding, was 33 months and between the last normal URT assessment and the development of URT changes, was 16 months. Six patients with URT changes were treated conservatively and 36 required intervention. Twenty-eight of 42 patients showed initial improvement of URT changes but 25 subsequently deteriorated. In 3 patients renal function deteriorated with renal failure in one and renal impairment in 2. In Group 2, 24 patients who had URT changes present at birth were also studied for a mean follow-up of 115 months. The URT changes in 8 patients deteriorated after the initial assessment over a median time of 15 months. Twelve patients' URT changes improved spontaneously without active intervention over a median time interval of 16 months but 5 subsequently deteriorated. Overall, the prognosis of children with URT changes at birth did not seem to be any worse than children developing changes later in life. Lesions of sacral and thoraco-lumbar regions of the spine were most commonly associated with URT changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗