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Biomedical subjects

A Espinosa

Publications and source records attributed to A Espinosa.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Alpha 2b interferon (IFN) by intraperitoneal administration via temporary catheter in ovarian cancer. Preliminary data.

Thirty-nine patients with epithelial ovarian cancer admitted to the Division of Medical Oncology of the Medical School II of Naples were given 159 courses of alpha 2b interferon (30 Mil./sqm IU) intraperitoneally from October 1986 to November 1989. IFN was generally administered every three weeks, but six patients received the drug weekly at the same dose, for an additional period. In 15 patients IFN was added to standard systemic chemotherapy as first line treatment; the remaining patients, all pretreated (22 with minimal and 2 with no residual disease), received an intraperitoneal multidrug treatment combining IFN, cisplatin and mitoxantrone. Peritoneal access was achieved through a temporarily implanted 18 gauge catheter and the drug was instilled in a large fluid volume (2,000 ml) to ensure wide spread and uniform distribution. IFN was well tolerated: only one patient had to discontinue treatment because of severe fatigue. No major complication related to catheter implantation or function occurred. 3/15 untreated and 11/20 pretreated patients, evaluable for response, achieved a pathological complete response (pCR). In view of IFN's lack of significant toxicity and the safety and tolerability of a temporary small gauge catheter for peritoneal access, intraperitoneal chemotherapy including IFN should be useful in ovarian cancer patients with minimal or absent disease after first-line systemic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Serial trough and peak amikacin levels in plasma as predictors of nephrotoxicity.

We studied 113 patients treated with intravenous amikacin to determine the value of determining serial trough and peak amikacin levels in plasma for predicting nephrotoxicity. Thirteen patients (11.5%) developed renal toxicity, with significant increases from 48 to 96 h in both peak and trough amikacin levels (6.7 +/- 4.7 [standard deviation] days before the serum creatinine rose). The nontoxicity group had no change or even showed decrements in amikacin levels in plasma. A higher nephrotoxicity risk was seen in patients with increments greater than 1 microgram/ml between 48 and 96 h, with odds ratios of 16.4 for trough, 8 for peak, and 7.2 for both levels. We suggest that an increment of at least 1 microgram/ml in amikacin levels in plasma from 48 to 96 h may predict the appearance of renal toxicity.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Field performance of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) plants derived from cryopreserved calluses.

This study compared the field performance of sugarcane plants originating from three different sources: control, non-cryopreserved embryogenic calluses, cryopreserved embryogenic calluses and macropropagated material of the same commercial hybrid. Several agronomic traits were evaluated on 100 plants per treatment over a 27-month period covering the growth of the stool and of the first ratoon. Significant differences between treatments were observed only during the first six months of field growth of sugarcane stools. Stems produced from in vitro cultured material, irrespective of their cryopreservation status, had a smaller diameter and a shorter height than those produced from macropropagated material. These differences disappeared by 12 months of stool field growth.

Cryopreservation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pneumococcal septic arthritis as the first manifestation of multiple myeloma.

In this paper we report a 47 year old woman with septic arthritis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. No known predisposing factor was found. After an extensive workup a multiple myeloma was discovered. In our case septic arthritis was the first manifestation of multiple myeloma.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypoalbuminemia as a risk factor for amikacin nephrotoxicity.

Hypoalbuminemia has been recently informed by us as a risk factor in aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity. Since amikacin has a low serum binding capacity to albumin, the present study was designed to determine if the higher risk of amikacin nephrotoxicity in patients with hypoalbuminemia was due to low serum albumin per se or to malnutrition. One-hundred and thirteen ward patients who received endovenous amikacin for greater than 36 hours were studied prospectively. All were evaluated for the following factors: age, sex, diagnosis, serum creatinine, serum albumin, and nutritional status. They were followed with serum creatinine twice a week until cessation of therapy. Amikacin pharmacokinetics was studied in 11 subjects: 6 patients had a serum albumin less than 3.0 g/dL and 5 greater than 3.0 g/dL, but there were no differences in age, sex, weight, diagnosis, arterial pressure and nutritional status. The overall incidence of toxicity was 11%. In patients with serum albumin less than 3.0 g/dL it was 17.3% and in those greater than 3.0 g/dL it was 2.2%, p less than 0.05. There was no difference in the nutritional status between toxicity and non-toxicity groups. In the pharmacokinetic study, the peak levels obtained one hour after amikacin administration were higher in patients with serum albumin less than 3.0 g/dL than in those with normal serum albumin (12.7 +/- 1.6 vs 9.0 +/- 1.2, p less than 0.002). In conclusion hypoalbuminemia is a risk factor in aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity regardless of the nutritional status.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myopic keratomileusis: short-term results.

The first 97 eyes operated with keratomileusis by two surgeons starting to use this technique are evaluated. The 30- and 90-day postoperative results of this initial experience are reported. Average preoperative myopia was -10.53 D spherical equivalent (range -5.25 to -22.25 D); average refractive correction at 90 days was -10.20 D. Preoperative visual acuities without correction were between 0.01 and 0.15 Snellen scale (20/2000 to 20/133), and 90 days postoperatively they varied between 0.02 and 0.60 Snellen scale (20/1000 to 20/33) with an average of 0.29 (20/69). Average preoperative visual acuity with correction was 0.70 Snellen scale (20/29), and 90 days afterward it was 0.60 Snellen scale (20/33). Preoperative average refractive cylinder was 1.33 D and postoperative was 1.86 D, showing that significant amounts of astigmatism were not induced.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Progressive fibrodysplasia assificans].

A five years old patient with myositis ossificans progressiva is presented. This very rare disease is inherited as an autosomal dominant and it is characterized by an abnormality of the connective tissue, specifically, aponeurosis, fascias, tendons and ligaments; the muscle are secondarly affected.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scleromyxedema associated with arthritis and myopathy: a case report.

Herein we report a patient with scleromyxedema associated with seronegative polyarthritis and proximal myopathy. The histopathologic and electron microscopic features are described and compared with previously reported patients with documented scleromyxedema and myopathy.

Arthritis↗