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Biomedical subjects

A Elkin

Publications and source records attributed to A Elkin.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Individual differences in posttraumatic stress disorder symptom profiles in Holocaust survivors in concentration camps or in hiding.

Symptom patterns were compared between Holocaust survivors in concentration camp (n = 70) and those who were in "hiding" (n = 30) during the war. The impact of age at the time of the trauma, gender, and cumulative lifetime stress, and the effect of each of these variables controlling for the others, on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were also evaluated. A significant negative relationship between age at the time of the trauma and symptoms of psychogenic amnesia, hypervigilence and emotional detachment, and a positive correlation between age and intrusive thoughts, were observed. Cumulative lifetime stress was positively associated with symptoms of avoidance. The study provides the first empirical data regarding the factors that potentially explain individual differences in PTSD symptom patterns in Holocaust survivors.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Dissociation in aging Holocaust survivors.

OBJECTIVE: This study explored relationships among dissociation, trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in elderly Holocaust survivors with and without PTSD and in a demographically comparable group of nontraumatized subjects. METHOD: Holocaust survivors with PTSD (N = 35) and without PTSD (N = 25) who had been recruited from the community and a comparison group (N = 16) were studied. Dissociation was evaluated with the Dissociative Experiences Scale. Past cumulative trauma and recent stress were evaluated with the Antonovsky Life Crises Scale and the Elderly Care Research Center Recent Life Events Scale, respectively. PTSD symptoms were assessed with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. RESULTS: The Holocaust survivors with PTSD showed significantly higher levels of current dissociative experiences than did the other groups. However, the extent of dissociation was substantially less than that which has been observed in other trauma survivors with PTSD. Dissociative Experiences Scale scores were significantly associated with PTSD symptom severity, but the relation between Dissociative Experiences Scale scores and exposure to trauma was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Possible explanations for this finding include the age of the survivors, the length of time since the traumatic event, and possible unique features of the Holocaust survivor population. Nevertheless, the findings call into question the current notion that PTSD and dissociative experiences represent the same phenomenon. The findings suggest that the relationships among dissociation, trauma, and PTSD can be further clarified by longitudinal studies of trauma survivors.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Just nervous enough.

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Education, Continuing↗
PubMed1975

Basolateral plasma membranes of intestinal epithelial cells. Identification by lactoperoxidase-catalysed iodination and isolation after density perturbation with digitonin.

Lactoperoxidase-catalysed iodination was used to label intestinal epithelial cell sheets with 125I. The iodination was carried out under conditions that allowed little penetration of lactoperoxidase into the cells and membrane-bound 125I therefore provided an effective marker for following plasma-membrane fragments through subcellular-fractionation procedures. 2. After homogenization and isopycnic zonal centrifugation through sucrose gradients two peaks of membrane-bound 125I were detected. One coincided with brush border enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, disaccharidases and L-leucine B-naphthylamidase, whereas the other was coincident with the major peak of (Na++K+)-stimulated ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase), which has been thought to be concentrated in the basolateral plasma membranes of these cells. Neither peak of 125I reflected the distribution of any marker for an intracellular organelle. 3. A larger proportion of the (Na++K+)-stimulated ATPase, and thus of the basolateral plasma-membrane material, was found in a crude 'mitochondrial' fraction. It was not readiily separated from mitochondria by conventional techniques of subcellular fractionation. 4. Treatment of the 'mitochondrial' fraction with digitonin increased the density of basolateral plasma membrane but had little effect on mitochondrial density. A purified preparation of digitonin-loaded basolateral plasma membranes was isolated at a density of 1.20-1.22 by isopycnic centrifugation. 5. The enzymic composition of this preparation of basolateral plasma membranes is compared with previous preparations isolated from intestinal mucosal 'scrape' materials and from isolated cells.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗