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Biomedical subjects

A E Read

Publications and source records attributed to A E Read.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

Operative colonoscopy.

In 12 patients with radiologically-proved lesions of the colon total retrograde fibreoptic colonoscopy was performed on the unopened bowel at laparotomy. Additional polyps were found in five patients, and in four of these the polyp was not readily palpable through the bowel wall. This procedure is indicated whenever there are reasonable grounds for suspecting the presence of multiple polypi.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Effects of oral magnesium sulphate on colonic motility in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome.

Magnesium sulphate, a substance known to cause release of cholecystokinin (CCK) from the small intestinal mucosa, was given by mouth (dose 0.1g/kg in 150 ml water) to 20 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. A rapid increase in colonic segmental motor activity (onset within two to six minutes in most cases) was seen (percentage activity increased from 16.2 to 23.7 p<0.05; mean wave amplitude from 7.1 to 9.1 cm H(2)O, NS; motility index from 144 to 259, p<0.01). This increase was most marked in 10 patients who complained of attacks of abdominal pain after food (16.1 to 29.8%, p<0.01; 6.8 to 9.6 cm H(2)O, p<0.05; 135 to 350, p<0.05), and after the magnesium sulphate three of these patients experienced an attack of their usual pain. These findings provide further evidence that ;functional' abdominal pain after food may in some cases be related to an exaggerated intestinal motor response to cholecystokinin.

Cholecystokinin↗
PubMed1973

Fibreoptic examination of the colon: a review of 255 cases.

The results of fibreendoscopy of the colon are described in 255 consecutive examinations. Of the examinations, 26.5% resulted in a diagnosis being made solely by endoscopy. This included 17 cases of carcinoma, 15 patients with polyps, and 25 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The most common reason for referral was undiagnosed rectal bleeding (75 cases) and endoscopy alone was successful in diagnosing the probable or definitive source of bleeding in 50% of the cases referred. It is not yet clear, however, to what extent this figure may reflect the inadequacy of conventional radiology.A definitive radiological diagnosis was refuted in 11 patients and an unnecessary laparotomy avoided in seven of these. There is no doubt that fibreoptic colonoscopy increases diagnostic accuracy in large bowel disease and is especially helpful in cases where radiology is either negative or equivocal.

Colitis↗
PubMed1973

The effect of coeliac disease upon bile salts.

The size and composition of the bile salt pool has been measured in patients with untreated coeliac disease and in control subjects. The total bile salt pool was markedly increased in coeliac patients, the average being 9.2 grams compared with 3.1 grams in controls. Taurocholate synthesis was normal, consistent with its enlarged pool and prolonged half-life. Half-life and pool size were significantly correlated. The composition of the bile salt pool was virtually identical in the two groups. Our findings suggest that as the enterohepatic circulation is slowed by gallbladder inertia, so hepatic surveillance of pool size is diminished.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Determinants of serum antipyrine half-lives in patients with liver disease.

Antipyrine has been used as a model drug to investigate the effects of liver disease on drug metabolism in man. A prolongation in antipyrine half-life (T(1/2)) was found in patients with liver disease, patients with chronic liver disease showing a greater increase than those with acute, reversible pathology. The most marked prolongation in T(1/2) was found in association with hypoalbuminaemia and hypoprothrombinaemia, suggesting that the cause for these changes was defective protein synthesis of microsomal enzyme protein. This hypothesis was supported by demonstrating that enzyme-inducing agents, which are known to increase the amount of microsomal enzyme protein, reduced the antipyrine half-life.

Adult↗