Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A E Maumenee

Publications and source records attributed to A E Maumenee.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Long-term continuous monitoring of intraocular pressure in conscious primates.

A technique for chronic implantation of a device for long-term continuous, quantitative monitoring of intraocular pressure (IOP) in experimental animals is presented. The methodology employed is straight forward and should be easily duplicated for experimental investigations where such monitoring might be useful. Continuous IOP data recorded from the device implanted in a conscious adult rhesus monkey are compared with continuous IOP data reported by other investigators.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Intraocular lenses. Experience at the Wilmer Institute.

A series of 614 primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantations performed at the Wilmer Institute during the past six years by two surgeons were reviewed. Progressive corneal endothelial cell loss and an increased rate of late-onset corneal edema were detected in the group with the Morcher (European) four-loop iris-clip Binkhorst IOLs. A higher rate of clinically significant cystoid macular edema (CME) developed in eyes with the American-manufactured four-loop Binkhorst lens, presumably from chronic iritis caused by contaminants on the IOLs. Our short-term results with the American-manufactured Shearing-type IOLs implanted at the time of extracapsular cataract extraction are encouraging, with 99% of cases achieving 20/40 vision or better, excluding those with known macular degeneration of amblyopia. A continued conservative approach to IOL implantation is recommended.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Use of the Honan intraocular pressure reducer at The Wilmer Institute.

Our technique for the preparation of the patient for cataract surgery is discussed, with description of our use of the Honan intraocular pressure reducer (HIPR). Results of preoperative use of the HIPR in a prospective study of 21 patients and our retrospective experience with over 1,000 patients undergoing cataract surgery (with or without lens implantation) are discussed. The HIPR appears to be a safe and effective means of reducing intraocular pressure preoperatively when used with due care.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1981

Optic nerve damage in human glaucoma. II. The site of injury and susceptibility to damage.

We examined the histologic structure of the optic nerve head in 15 eyes of nine persons with a known glaucoma history. All had been seeing eyes, varying from normal visual acuity and visual field to advanced glaucoma damage. The site of damage to nerve fibers is the scleral lamina cribrosa, where there is local blockage of axonal transport. Early cup size increase prior to definite field loss results from loss of nerve fibers, not from damage to astrocytic glial cells of the nerve head. No selective damage to nerve head capillaries is seen in mildly damaged specimens. Scanning electron microscopic analysis suggests that the structure of the lamina cribrosa is an important determinant of the degree of susceptibility to damage by elevated intraocular pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bilateral, congenital, dermis-like choristomas overlying corneal staphylomas.

Two unrelated patients with diffuse, bilateral, congenital tumefactions overlying the corneas were seen. The tumors were protuberant, fleshy masses that partially concealed underlying corneal staphylomas. Spontaneous rupture was suspected in one eye. Histopathologic study of three specimens disclosed dermis-like tumors. In one specimen, an apocrine gland was identified, thus supporting the diagnosis of choristoma. An evisceration specimen from a ruptured globe confirmed that the ectatic cornea was an anterior staphyloma. The posterior pole seemed grossly normal. This disorder may have a genetic basis or it may result from a developmental or inflammatory insult in utero. Preoperative diagnosis is important because the associated anterior staphylomas complicate management.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1981

Combined keratoplasty, cataract extraction, and intraocular lens implantation: experience at the Wilmer Institute.

A review of 12 cases of combined keratoplasty, cataract extraction and IOL implantation performed during the past five years at the Wilmer Institute is presented. The results show 80% of cases with 6/12 (20/40) vision or better with a follow-up of at least six months. All but one of the grafts remained clear. Our current technique for keratoplasty, extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior-chamber IOL implantation is described. This technique has several advantages, including the following: an intact posterior capsule, no anterior vitrectomy, protection of the cornea from the IOL by the iris, and potential for full pupil dilation after surgery. Conservative and highly selective use of the procedure is recommended.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Pars planitis.

We have studied seven eyes from six patients with longstanding pars planitis. Two eyes were phthisical. The remaining five eyes from four patients showed similar findings and included retinal phlebitis, disc and macular oedema, and the presence of a 'snowbank' over the inferior peripheral retina and pars plana. The snowbank consisted of posteriorly detached and collapsed vitreous in which cellular proliferation from the retina with non-pigmented ciliary epithelium was present. Electron microscopy showed the presence of fibrous astrocytes and collagen in two eyes. Retinal neovascularization extended into the snowbank in one case. We have also studied vitreous and preretinal membranes and a portion of a snowbank obtained by pars plana vitrectomy from two eyes of two young patients with active pars planitis. The snowbank and preretinal membranes contained fibrous astrocytes and new collagen and the vitreous snowballs consisted of granulomatous inflammation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Management of epithelial cysts of the anterior chamber.

Epithelial cysts in the anterior chamber are treated only if they obstruct the pupil or cause other serious complications. A closed-eye method is used in aphakic eyes to collapse the cyst and devitalize the epithelial cells using cryotherapy without incising the cyst wall. In phakic eyes, the cyst is dissected away from the cornea and the partially excised through an open-sky approach followed by transscleral cryotherapy to devitalize epithelial remnants. Four of seven eyes operated on with these methods were successfully treated without complications. Persistent cystoid macular edema occurred in two of the other three eyes, and one eye developed a postoperative sheet-like epithelial ingrowth requiring further surgery and resulting in corneal edema. The cyst did not recur in any of these seven eyes.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Biostatistical analysis of the collaborative glaucoma study. I. Summary report of the risk factors for glaucomatous visual-field defects.

A prospective collaborative study was conducted in five centers during a 13-year period to identify factors that influence the development of visual-field defects (GVFDs) of open angle glaucoma. In 5,000 subjects, GVFDs developed in only 1.7% of eyes. Statistical analysis of 26 factors at first examination identified five that were significantly related to the development of GVFDs--outflow facility, age, applanation pressure, cup-disc ratio, and pressure change after water drinking. Their absolute initial value, and not its change with time, was the important predictor. Multivariate analysis showed their collective predictive power to be undesirably poor, indicating that other factors must play an important role in the development of GVFDs. Mortality-table analysis indicated that during a period of five years, 98.54% of eyes with initial pressure less than 20 mm Hg continued to be free from GVFDs as compared with 93.34% of those with pressure of 20 mm Hg or greater.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The disciform response: an historical perspective.

This paper is a survey of the literature in an attempt to provide the basis for our current understanding of the disciform process. Particular emphasis is placed on its pathogenesis and the role of subretinal neovascularization. No two lesions appear exactly alike because of the many stages and combinations possible. Gass (1967) has delineated the broad spectrum with the many different clinical manifestations of this disease process. Verhoeff and Grossman (1937) provided the histopathologic basis for our understanding of the disciform process. The histologic correlation of the clinical "predisciform" state would seem to offer the most promising information for understanding the pathogenesis of the disciform process (Frank et al. 1973; Green and Key 1977; Kornweig 1967; Sarks 1973 and 1976; Small et al. 1976; Zauberman 1970). It is hoped that this literature review has sufficiently emphasized the inherent deficiencies of strictly clinical studies and the need for an appropriate experimental animal model (Ryan 1979).

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Enzymatic and mechanically induced subretinal neovascularization.

Mechanical and enzymatic disruption of Bruch's membrane and induction of subretinal neovascularization in an experimental primate model have produced limited success. The methods and results are reported here to identify some problems encountered in methodology and to detail the results of this approach to subretinal neovascularization.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Birdshot retinochoroidopathy.

Thirteen patients had a new syndrome and entity in intraocular inflammation called birdshot retinochoroidopathy, which was characterized by a white, painless eye with minimal anterior segment inflammation but particulate debris in the anterior and posterior vitreous. There was profuse retinal vascular leakage with resultant retinal, macular, and disk edema, which are the primary causes of the decreased vision in this syndrome. Long-term follow-up (mean of ten years) revealed that only two patients seemed to respond to anti-inflammatory therapy (systemic corticosteroids) and five patients progressed to 6/60 (20/200) or less visual acuity in at least one eye.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1980

Hereditary Fuchs' Dystrophy.

We studied 102 individuals from 25 families in which at least one member was known to have Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy. We used slit-lamp examination, corneal pachymetry, and specular microscopy. We also examined pathology records which contained 79 cases of penetrating keratoplasties done solely for phakic Fuchs' dystrophy between 1940 and 1978. Although there was a marked predominance of females in our review of pathology records, our clinical study provided a more even sex distribution. There was a close correlation between the number of expected and observed affected first-degree relatives based on an autosomal-dominant mode of inheritance. We observed a fairly typical corneal pattern, beginning as a circumscribed area of central or paracentral cornea guttata, and thereafter expanding more horizontally than vertically with progression of severity. Fuchs' dystrophy appears to be a true corneal dystrophy with autosomal-dominant inheritance, a high degree of penetrance, and variable expressivity, with generally increased severity among females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Uveitis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗