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Biomedical subjects

A E Kulatilake

Publications and source records attributed to A E Kulatilake.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

The use of cooled irrigating fluid for transurethral prostatic resection.

Forty patients selected for transurethral prostatic resection (TUR) were randomly allocated to one of 2 groups. Irrigating fluid used in the first group of 20 patients was cooled to a constant 8 degrees C; in the second group fluid at ambient temperature was used. Measurements were made of the volume of irrigating fluid used and haemoglobin loss during and after operation; the weight of resected tissue and its histological appearance were also studied. The core temperature of each patient was monitored throughout the operation. Significantly less irrigating fluid was used in the group receiving cooled fluid. Although per-operative and post-operative haemoglobin loss was also markedly reduced in this group, the difference failed to achieve statistical significance. The clarity of the operative field was considerably improved by the use of cooled fluid.

Hemoglobins↗
PubMed1980

A controlled trial of different treatment regimens in patients with urinary tract infections after lower urinary tract surgery.

One hundred and four patients who developed urinary tract infections after catheterization for acute retention of urine and surgery of the bladder or urethra were randomly allocated to four treatment groups. Analysis of the results in 65 patients showed that co-trimoxazole and 1 g cephradine administered twice daily for 1 week were successful in eradicating the urinary tract infections in 93% and 88% of the patients, respectively. The same dose of cephradine administered 4-times a day eradicated 64% of the infections. In patients for whom no treatment was given, the original infection did not clear in 65%. Escherichia coli and coagulase-negative staphylococci were the commonest infecting organisms. The in vitro sensitivity testing of antibiotics did not correlate well with the successful eradication of the infecting organism.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

An index for monitoring bone metastases from carcinoma of the prostate.

The bone uptake of 99Tcm-methylene diphosphonate has been monitored quantitatively in patients undergoing treatment for carcinoma of the prostate. The uptake is expressed as a function of the administered dose. The results show that oestrogen therapy has no significant effect on the uptake into normal bone. Case reports are presented illustrating the use of the technique.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The value of provocative and acute urography in patients with intermittent loin pain.

Twenty-two patients with intermittent loin pain thought to be typical of primary pelvic hydronephrosis but with normal appearances at standard excretion urography were subjected to diuretic urography using Frusemide-induced diuresis. If this was normal, acute urography was performed when the patient had pain. Abnormal appearances were shown in only 15 patients. In 4, only the erect films revealed the hydronephrosis. Dilatation occurred in response to a diuretic load in 9 and the abnormality was shown at the time of an attack of pain in 4. The hydronephrosis was shown only during the attack of pain in 2, a diuretic urogram having been normal. In 2 patients the nephrographic signs of acute obstruction were shown to be due to occlusion of the pelvi-ureteric junction at the time of an attack of pain. The importance of sequential examination, the value of erect films and acute urography are stressed.

Diuresis↗
PubMed1970

Ultrasonic blood flow measurement in haemodialysis.

A 5-megacycle Doppler flow meter, calibrated in-vitro, was found to give a linear response to blood flow in the ranges commonly encountered in haemodialysis. With this, blood flow through artificial kidneys could be measured simply and with a clinically acceptable error. The method is safe, as blood lines do not have to be punctured or disconnected and hence there is no risk of introducing infection. Besides its value as a research tool the flow meter is useful in evaluating new artificial kidneys. Suitably modified it could form the basis of an arterial flow alarm system.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1970

Clinical evaluation of the urinary sediment after renal allotransplantation.

The detection of lymphoid cells by routine examination of the urine after renal allotransplantation has proved to be a useful early indication of rejection. In a study of 36 rejection episodes, 20 (56%) were associated with a significant number of lymphocytes in the urine. The incidence was much higher when rejection occurred during the first month after operation (76%); lymphocytes were rarely found when rejection occurred after three months. The appearance of lymphocytes in the urine was of particular value for detecting rejection in patients with prolonged oliguria after transplantation.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1969

White blood count in patients on regular haemodialysis.

Total white cell, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were compared in patients with chronic renal failure treated successively by conservative means (low-protein diet), regular haemodialysis, and renal allotransplantation. The lowest total white cell and neutrophil counts and the highest lymphocyte counts were found in patients on regular haemodialysis. A rapid fall in neutrophil count during the first half-hour of dialysis and a more gradual fall between the first and sixth hours were observed. Adherence of neutrophils and mononuclear cells to the cuprophane (PT 150) dialysis membrane has been shown.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1969

Clinical evaluation of a disposable artificial kidney.

The in-vivo performance of a new disposable parallel flow countercurrent type of artificial kidney has been compared with that of the modified four-layered Kiil dialyser. The dialysance of urea and endogenous creatinine in the former was significantly better than in the latter for similar blood flow rates, and, moreover, unlike the dialysance with the Kiil dialyser it continued to improve over 12 hours. Among 100 disposable artificial kidneys tested no failure occurred from blood leaks despite the use of high negative pressures in the dialysate compartment. No pyrogen reactions were observed.These new artificial kidneys were ready for use in less than one-seventh of the time taken to prepare the conventional Kiil dialyser. Other advantages are their low priming volumes, the lack of a pump in the blood line, and the reduced risk of infection.

Blood↗