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Biomedical subjects

A E Cardinale

Publications and source records attributed to A E Cardinale.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

MRI of the inner ear: use of modified GRASS and fast spin-echo sequences. A preliminary study.

We report our experience with MRI of the normal and pathological inner ear with fast spin-echo and modified gradient recalled at steady state sequences. Although earlier studies on temporal bone MRI were discouraging, improvements in MR technology combined with the use of paramagnetic contrast media can make MRI a useful diagnostic tool for the assessment of inner ear pathology. Conventional spin-echo imaging seems not to be the modality of choice because of the relatively thick slices and the long acquisition times.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1996

[An experimental in-vitro evaluation of membrane antigen expression and of interleukin production by monocytes exposed to magnetic resonance].

The interactions of magnetic fields and radiofrequency with biological systems have been described by several authors. However, no definitive conclusions have been drawn yet as to the safety of the magnetic fields and radiofrequencies used in clinical examinations. The immune system is one of the most complex biological systems, in which a network of intracellular signals regulates the immune response. Interleukins are released by an activation process which involves, at least in part, intra- and/or extracellular calcium mobilization. The latter step can be influenced by the in vitro effect of this type of nonionizing radiations produced by an MR system on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Our results show that the 2-hour exposure to magnetic fields (0.5 T) and radiofrequency caused an increase in the spontaneous release of IL2, IL4, IL10, TNF alpha and INF gamma, while the amount of the same cytokines induced by PHA stimulation was decreased. No differences were observed in the spontaneous or PHA-induced release of IL6 by exposure to magnetic fields (MRI). Furthermore, the expression of the CD 11b molecule was increased at the same time. These results may be useful for us to understand the interactions between magnetic fields and radiofrequencies and the immune system.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1996

[A quantitative in-vitro analysis of the effects of magnetic fields and radiofrequencies on amino acid metabolism].

The extensive use of magnetic resonance imaging in medical diagnosis needs experimental confirmation of the real biological harmlessness of magnetic fields and radiofrequencies in the imaging process. To date, no unquestionable conclusions have been drawn and experimental results differ in various literature reports. We investigated the effects of radiofrequencies and magnetic fields on the amino acid content of plasma samples from 10 healthy volunteers aged 25 to 30 years; the samples were exposed for 60 minutes to MR fields at 0.5 T with the sequences commonly used in clinical practice. After exposure to magnetic fields, the samples were analyzed with chromatography and the results compared with those of plasma samples not exposed to MR fields. Thirty-four different amino acids were investigated and no significant changes were observed in the total concentration of any of them. Our results show that, at least in a cell-free system, exposure to a magnetic field at 0.5 T causes no significant quantitative changes in amino acid composition, at least no changes demonstrable at chromatography. On the other hand, our preliminary observation does not exclude that exposure to nonionizing radiation may modify in vivo enzyme kinetics with transient qualitative, but not quantitative, changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: orbital MRI.

The case is reported of a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension examined with magnetic resonance imaging. Marked enhancement of the optic nerve heads was found, which might be related to blood-retinal barrier breakdown related to a sudden rise in intracranial cerebrospinal fluid pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Color Doppler ultrasonography in pediatric intussusception.

CDU was used in 11 children with intussusception. Demonstration of vascular images within the "pseudokidney" mass was possible in none of 11 cases. Of them, eight could be treated by hydrostatic reduction. In the remaining case, marked edema of the bowel wall did not allow reduction, and surgery had to be performed: no necrosis was observed in the surgical specimen. Both patients in whom CDU failed to demonstrate vascular signals had necrosis at surgery, and bowel resection was performed. Because of the limited number of patients examined at this time, no firm conclusions can be drawn from our experience. However, CDU seems a promising technique in detecting vascular changes occurring in intussusception, with a possible role as a predictive tool of bowel necrosis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1994

[Angiogenetic capacity of breast neoplasms and correlation with color-Doppler semiology].

The authors correlated the presence/absence of color signal-as shown by color-Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) in 22 cases of breast carcinoma-with lesion angiogenesis potentials, as evaluated in the histologic sections with the determination of the microscopic angiogenesis grading system (MAGS) index. In all 4 cases in which CDUS showed no color signal, MAGS index value exceeded 30, which is suggestive of high neoplastic neoangiogenesis potentials. In contrast, in 17 of 18 cases positive to CDUS, MAGS index value remained below 30 and the microscopic analysis showed the presence of many fresh vessels more than 1 mm in caliber. Consequently, the presence of color signals at CDUS exams may be related to the features of tumor feeding vessels and therefore a negative CDUS exam cannot be considered as a reliable sign to exclude a malignant lesion.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

[A comparative study of the pterygopalatine fossa by computed tomography and magnetic resonance].

The pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) is a narrow, bone lined space containing many major cranial nerves and vessels connecting it to the middle and infratemporal cranial fossa, the oral, nasal and orbital cavities and the rhinopharynx. The internal maxillary artery, the second branch of the V cranial nerve and the sphenopalatine ganglion are the main structures which are found in the PPF. Because of its strategic site, the PPF can be involved in many pathologic conditions originating from the nasal fossa, the orbit, the paranasal sinuses or the rhinopharynx roof. Severe craniofacial trauma can involve the pterygopalatine area too. Consequently, the detailed knowledge of PPF anatomy and the use of the current imaging modalities are necessary in the study of pterygopalatine lesions. We examined a group of 7 patients who underwent CT and MRI for diseases not involving the pterygopalatine area. CT consisted of axial and coronal contiguous 1-mm scans, with post-processing sagittal and 3D reconstructions. MRI was performed with a middle-field unit, using a head coil and high-resolution 3-mm T1- and T2-weighted spin- and fast-spin-echo scans. 3D SPGR pulse sequences were also performed. We found HRCT scans and post-processing 3D studies to be particularly indicated in bone structure analysis. SPGR, spin- and fast-spin-echo MR sequences allowed us to obtained reliable images of the main nervous and vascular structures found in the PPF. Finally, we believe combined CT and MRI to be the method of choice in the study of PPF anatomy and in the assessment of diseases involving the PPF area.

Female↗