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Biomedical subjects

A Dupont

Publications and source records attributed to A Dupont.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

beta-Endorphin and met-enkephalins: their distribution, modulation by estrogens and haloperidol, and role in neuroendocrine control.

A single dose of 0.5 micrograms beta-endorphin injected intraventricularly in unanesthetized male rats bearing chronic intraventricular and intrajugular cannulas led to a sevenfold stimulation of plasma prolactin (PRL) levels 10 to 20 min after injection of the peptide, while a dose of 2 micrograms of beta-endorphin led to a comparable stimulation of plasma growth hormone (GH) concentration. Met-Enkephalin was much less potent than beta-endorphin in stimulating PRL and GH release. Naloxone, a specific opiate antagonist, completely blocked the stimulation of GH and PRL release at the doses of 0.5 and 12.5 mg/kg, respectively. beta-Endorphin and Met-enkephalin from 41 discrete brain nuclei were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). beta-Endorphin was found in the hypothalamus medial preoptic nucleus, nucleus interstitialis striae terminalis (NIST), nucleus medialis thalami, and periaqueductal gray. Met-Enkephalin was found predominantly in the globus pallidus, NIST, medial preoptic nucleus, nucleus amygdaloideus centralis, and nucleus lateralis hypothalami. Treatment with both estrogens and haloperidol led to differential effects on Met-enkephalin content in various brain nuclei. Estrogen treatment increased Met-enkephalin levels in globus pallidus, NIST, medial and lateral preoptic nuclei, and periaqueductal gray, while a decrease of the Met-enkephalin content in the nucleus amygdaloideus centralis was found. Haloperidol treatment led to a stimulatory effect in striatum, medial and lateral preoptic nuclei, and interpeduncular nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Long-stay patients in Danish psychiatric hospitals.

The numbers of long-stay patients in Danish psychiatric hospitals were studied, based on information from the Danish cumulative psychiatric register and from the census studies of patients in Danish psychiatric hospitals, performed at 5-year intervals since 1957. In 1977, 2079 (20%) of the in-patient population which had been admitted before 1957 were still in hospitals. This 'old long-stay' group has diminished exponentially, with an annual reduction of 7%. During the period 1972--6, the number of patients who, on any given day, had been in-patients or attending as day-patients for more than 1 but less than 2 years (the 'new long-stay') varied between 847 and 1089: an average of 20 per 100 000 total population. The ratio of in-patients to day-patients was approximately 4:1. Based on the decline of the 1972 cohort during the period 1972--7, and assuming a constant 'influx' of new long-stay patients and a constant exponential decline of the cohorts, the number of new long-stay patients, including day-patients, at equilibrium was estimated to be about 4300 or 85 per 100 000 total population. About 31% will be schizophrenics and about 43% will be patients with organic disorders. Ninety-four per cent of the number at equilibrium will be reached after 16 years for the diagnostic group with the slowest decline, schizophrenia. On 1 April 1976, 3106 long-stay patients were present, accumulated since 1 April 1972. Nineteen per cent of these patients were in day-hospitals. This type of institution was used especially for younger patients with schizophrenia and reactive disorders.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1979

Sensitive radioimmunoassay for somatostatin using N-[125I]-Tyr-somatostatin as labelled antigen.

A sensitive radioimmunoassay for somatostatin using N-[125I]-Tyr-somatostatin is described and compared with that using [125I]-Tyr1-somatostatin. The minimum detectable amount of somatostatin using N-[125I]-Tyr-somatostatin as tracer was 0.1 to 0.5 pg, which is approximately 10-fold lower than the lower detection limit of the RIA using [125I]-Tyr1-somatostatin. Moreover, it was found that the shelf-life of N[125I]Tyr-somatostatin was prolonged in comparison with labelled Tyr1-somatostatin. Human pancreatic and gastric extracts displayed immunological similarity to synthetic somatostatin tetradecapeptide.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Traffic accidents involving psychiatric patients. Characteristics of accidents involving drivers who have been admitted to Danish psychiatric departments.

A nationwide study of psychiatric in-patients driving motor vehicles and involved in accidents causing bodily injury in the years 1972--74 was undertaken. Compared with drivers in general involved in accidents causing bodily injury, drivers with a psychiatric record were characterized by an over-representation of women. A preponderance of psychiatric drivers in the age group 25--54 was observed. About 3% of drivers with a psychiatric record were involved in two or more accidents during the period studied. A greater proportion of the psychiatrically diseased group drove stolen vehicles, without valid licences, and were found not to have used safety belts at the time of the accident. Occurrence of injury was more frequent among the diseased drivers. They were more frequently alcohol intoxicated and with a higher blood alcohol level. The most commonly encountered diagnostic groups were personality disorder and transitory reactions.

Accidents, Traffic↗