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Biomedical subjects

A Duncan

Publications and source records attributed to A Duncan.

176 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

An evaluation of the Jeol Clinalyzer.

The Jeol Clinalyzer was evaluated over a period of 15 weeks. The operating principles are briefly described. The functions of the mechanical components were tested and assessments made of the instrument's safety and reliability. The mechanical and electrical reliability of the instrument was excellent and the pumps and spectrophotometer gave good accuracy and precision. Between-batch precision of the analytical methods was good for urea, protein and bilirubin and acceptable for alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase. There was a poor relative accuracy for alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase and some proportional inaccuracy for urea and bilirubin.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

The determination of methionine in proteins by gas-liquid chromatography.

Intact methionine residues in proteins were rapidly and precisely determined by measuring methyl thiocyanate released during the reaction with CNBr and separated by g.l.c. Conditions for the reaction and for chromatography on columns of Porapak P-S are described. The recovery of methyl thiocyanate from several methionine derivatives and analogues were examined. Carbamoylmethionine was adopted as a stable primary standard and ethyl thiocyanate as internal standard. The measured methionine content of several isolated proteins was close to the theoretical value indicated by previous work and the results for these and a range of food proteins agreed well with results obtained by ion-exchange chromatography after performic acid oxidation. Since CNBr does not react with methionine sulphoxide and a preliminary hydrolysis is not required, the method discriminates between methionine and any methionine sulphoxide that may be present. It could be useful in studies on the nutritional availability of methionine in processed foods.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1975

Ascorbic acid and long-term anticonvulsant therapy in children.

1. Forty-eight children, who were long-term hospital patients, were investigated to assess their leucocyte ascorbic acid status. 2. Twenty-nine children had been receiving long-term anticonvulsants therapy, and these children did not have a significantly lower level of ascorbic acid than the untreated group, which did not have epilepsy. 3. The ascorbic levels of all subjects were low and seventeen had levels between 7-3 and 16-o mug/10-8 white blood cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prenatal pleural effusion associated with congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia.

A pleural effusion associated with congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia was detected in a fetus in utero but was absent at the time of delivery. The pleural effusion was unilateral although the disease involved both lungs. In this case there was an association between polyhydramnios and congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bovids as indicators of Plio-Pleistocene paleoenvironments in east Africa.

Reconstructions of the paleoenvironments of early hominids offer a framework for understanding hominid ecological and behavioral adaptations. Habitat reconstructions typically rely upon various biological or physical habitat indicators, and here we present reconstructions of the Plio-Pleistocene paleohabitats of Koobi Fora and Olduvai Gorge as based on fossil bovids (Artiodactyla: Bovidae). Bovids are the most common faunal element at most Neogene hominid and hominoid fossil localities and have been widely studied. This study addresses the functional morphology of the bovid femur through discriminant function analysis and provides additional support for the observation that certain features of the femur demonstrate clear correlations with the amount of vegetative cover in different modern habitats. The reconstructions for both Koobi Fora and Olduvai Gorge suggest that the full range of environments inhabited by living bovids was present during the Plio-Pleistocene. Koobi Fora appears to have had a somewhat higher percentage of more closed habitats than the relatively more open habitats of Olduvai Gorge. These habitat reconstructions are in broad agreement with other reconstructions based on a purely taxonomic approach to the bovid remains. Grounding our reconstructions of paleoenvironments in studies of functional morphology can help to develop a richer idea of the habitats and resources available to early hominids.

Africa, Eastern↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors affecting urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline excretion in the growing lamb.

Changes in urinary pyridinium crosslink excretion and plasma osteocalcin and growth hormone levels were measured at 3-5 week intervals in lambs from 2-22 weeks of age, in relation to changes in metatarsal length. There were close correlations between pyridinium crosslink excretion and plasma growth hormone levels and live weight gain, but no direct relationship was seen between the rates of excretion of the pyridinium crosslinks and linear bone growth. Plasma osteocalcin levels were correlated with linear bone growth rate up to about 12 weeks of age but, thereafter, showed no correlation despite a continued decline in bone growth rate. In the young lamb, daily pyridinium crosslink excretion represented 1.3-2.9% of that in the body, declining to 0.06% of pool size in adult sheep.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predicting the effect of livestock inputs of E. coli on microbiological compliance of bathing waters.

Three alternative approaches to predicting delivery of faecal indicators from livestock sources to surface water in the catchment of the River Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland, are described. These are a soil transport model which assumes all E. coli are transported through the soil, a regression model using observed E. coli concentrations in surface waters, and a distributed catchment model (PAMIMO). Each of these is linked to a simple group of equations describing inputs of E. coli from livestock to land, transport and inactivation in the river Irvine and mixing and inactivation in the sea. The models predict E. coli content of bathing water for Irvine beach. The regression model gives the best predictions of bathing water quality. The low values predicted by the soil transport model suggests that preventing surface runoff of faecal indicators from livestock would provide an adequate solution to the problem of bathing water contamination.

Animals↗