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Biomedical subjects

A Dublanchet

Publications and source records attributed to A Dublanchet.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Thoracic actinomycosis. Report of 8 cases].

We report 8 cases of thoracic actinomycosis, a disease which is now uncommon owing to the widespread use of antibiotics and which is caused by anaerobic filamentous bacteria living as saprophytes in natural cavities. Recent pathogenetic data, such as propagation by continuity or blood stream, as well as bacteriological and clinical data (mediastino-pulmonary, pleural, parietal, cardiac and disseminated lesions) are reviewed. Diagnostic problems are due to the difficulties encountered in trying to isolate the saprophytic organism, and pathological examination is often required for the diagnosis. Treatment is basically medical and consists of penicillin G or A administered for prolonged periods. Nitroimidazoles are ineffective against these anaerobic bacteria.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1989

Transferable 5-nitroimidazole resistance in the Bacteroides fragilis group.

We report the characterization of a strain of Bacteroides vulgatus, BV17, that exhibits a moderate resistance to 5-nitroimidazoles and carries plasmids of 4.5, 5, 7.7, and 56 kb. A genetic determinant involved in this resistance is carried by the 7.7 +/- 0.2-kb plasmid (pIP417). This plasmid can be introduced and replicated in a sensitive strain of B. fragilis 638R by transformation or by conjugation. In the latter case, the transfer may involve mobilization by the 56-kb conjugative plasmid (pIP418) regularly found in transconjugants but not in transformants.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1989

Survey of Bacteroides fragilis susceptibility patterns in France.

The in-vitro activities of 19 antimicrobial agents were determined by an agar dilution technique against 300 isolates of the Bacteroides fragilis group, collected from several French hospitals during 1987 and 1988. Results were compared with data determined for strains isolated in 1977. Amongst beta-lactam antibiotics, amoxycillin + clavulanic and imipenem displayed the best activity, although two strains resistant to both amoxycillin clavulanate and imipenem were obtained in the 1987-1988 survey. Chloramphenicol was invariably active against isolates from both periods. Much more resistance to clindamycin was seen in isolates from the more recent survey. Resistance to 5-nitroimidazoles was not observed in isolates from the 1977 survey but was present in a few isolates from the more recent study.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1986

[Toward a rational strategy in the treatment of postoperative bacterial endophthalmia].

18 cases of bacterial endophthalmitis are reported. From bacteriological, epidemiological, pharmacokinetic data, we can propose a management of infectious endophthalmitis based on the two following rules: systematic intraocular fluid aspiration, on emergency, for stained smears (as real bacteriological extemporaneous investigations) and cultures; initial wide spectrum antibiotherapy with a quick adaptation to gram stain and culture identification. The antibiotics are selected according to their intraocular penetration, safety and spectrum. The intraocular bactericidal concentration requires the association of systemic, peri-ocular, and intraocular antibiotherapy, before the settlement of irreversible retinal lesions. By vitrectomy, the infected vitreous may be cleared, and intraocular drugs diffuse more easily.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The in-vitro activity of pristinamycin against Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis.

The in-vitro activity of erythromycin, oleandomycin, spiramycin, josamycin and pristinamycin was tested by a plate-dilution method against strains of Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis. Pristinamycin was the most active product tested with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging between 0.5 and 4 mg/l for H. influenzae (modal value 1 mg/l) and between 0.03 and 0.12 mg/l for N. meningitidis (modal value 0.06 mg/l).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Pneumococcal postoperative endophthalmitis].

Three cases of pneumococcal endophthalmitis proven by paracentesis and direct bacteriologic evaluation were studied. Cultures were positive for pneumococcus in two the three cases. The fulminant course, and poor visual outcome emphasize the urgency of proper diagnosis by microscopic identification, and of intra-vitreal of injection of antibiotics sometimes associated with vitrectomy. Subconjunctival gentamicin commonly used in ophthalmologic surgery as prophylactic treatment, is often not effective against pneumococcus. It seems advisable to associate subconjunctival chloramphenicol with the gentamicin to help prevent this bacterial infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Results of a multicenter study of the identification of Haemophilus].

We report the bacteriologic results of a French multicentric study on the Haemophilus infection in humans. A total of 2.379 strains were isolated during one year (oct 1980-sept 1981), 1.808 strains were H. influenzae and 353 H. parainfluenzae. We have determined the relationship between the biotypes, the serotypes and the origin of the clinical specimens. The majority of H. influenzae strains belong to the biotypes I, II et III accounting for 21, 32 et 23% respectively. Biotype III was the most frequent for H. parainfluenzae.

Haemophilus↗
PubMed1981

[Salivary pH during pregnancy. Relationship with the presence or absence of Candida albicans. A study of 200 cases (author's transl)].

Salivary (Stenon, Warthon) and lingual pH, the effect of the presence or absence of Candida albicans in the oral cavity, and the involvement of various adjacent factors (caries, hygiene, pregnancy gingivosis, other mucosal lesions) were studied in 200 pregnant women. Results demonstrated that salivary pH is significantly related to the age of pregnancy, but not to the presence or absence of candida albicans.

Candida albicans↗