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Biomedical subjects

A Drukker

Publications and source records attributed to A Drukker.

95 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
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Intestinal fat malabsorption in the uremic rat.

In the past we have shown that patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on hemodialysis show evidence of intestinal malabsorption of fat. The present study was designed to verify this finding in an animal model. Male rats weighing +/- 200 g were studied. Uremia (U) was induced by 2-stage subtotal (5/6) nephrectomy. Control (C) animals were sham-operated. Fat absorption was studied after 6 weeks of uremia with the oral fat loading test. Twenty percent intralipid (0.25 g/100 gBW) was given by gastric tube feeding to fasting animals and the appearance of chylomicrons (CHYL) and the rise of triglycerides (TG) in the serum was followed for 5 hrs. In order to isolate the effect of fat absorption, an additional group of U and C animals was pretreated with orotic acid and triton, thus blocking hepatic TG synthesis and neutralizing peripheral lipoprotein lipase activity. The absorption of CHYL was significantly (p less than 0.01) impaired in all U animals and averaged 43 and 70 percent of that of the C animals, 1 and 2 hrs after the load respectively. The rise in serum TG did not differ from C in mildly U animals (Scr 1.0 +/- 0.04). In the more severely uremic animals (Scr 2.6 +/- 0.2), however, pretreated with orotic acid and triton, the rise in serum TG was far less (p less than 0.01) than in C animals (111 +/- 26-903 +/- 111 delta % V.780 +/- 170-5032 +/- 746 delta %) 1 and 5 hrs after the load.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
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Hypercalcemia in acute lymphatic leukemia.

We report the case histories of 2 patients with a rapidly fatal form of acute lymphatic leukemia, who showed severe hypercalcemia during the acute phase of the disease. The pathogenetic mechanism of the hypercalcemia in these two cases was different. A short review of present day theories regarding the pathogenesis of tumor hypercalcemia is presented.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized tomography of the brain in children with chronic renal failure.

We performed computerized tomography (CT) of the brain in 22 patients, 2 to 18 years of age, with stable chronic renal failure (n = 6), on dialysis (n = 14) and after renal transplantation (n = 2). None suffered from a systemic disease known to affect the central nervous system (CNS) and none had overt CNS dysfunction at the time of the CT examination. The most striking pathological finding was brain atrophy, which was present in 13 patients (59%). In two patients cortical infarcts were present and one patient was found to have a hypodense area in the basal ganglia. The brain atrophy could not be related to the type of basic renal disease, the age of the patient, corticosteroid dosage, the duration of the renal failure or the presence of hypertension However, the mode of treatment, i.c. hemodialysis, seemed to be a risk factor. We assume that metabolic derangements and/or the accumulation of toxic substances due to the uremic state may be responsible for the brain atrophy in young patients with CRF. Recurrent osmotic changes of the brain during hemodialysis may aggravate the process of brain atrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The dental status of children with chronic renal failure.

We evaluated the dental status of thirty children with chronic renal failure (CRF): 15 managed conservatively, 9 on dialysis replacement therapy and 6 after kidney transplant. Dental age was delayed, but to a lesser extent than bone age; this delay was most marked where CRF occurred before 7 years of age. Eruption age was only minimally delayed. Eighteen patients (60%) showed enamel defects, mainly hypoplasia, the location of which was related to the age at which major metabolic changes of uremia appeared. In 9 children (30%) there was intrinsic discoloration of the teeth--this was also related to the severity and duration of CRF. Compared to normal Israeli children our patients showed poor oral hygiene and gingival condition, but a significantly lower prevalence of caries. Seven patients (23%) showed mild radiologic changes in the jawbones (mainly loss of lamina dura), the severity of which was related to the severity and duration of CRF. None of the above findings could be related to specific metabolic disturbances.

Adolescent↗