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Biomedical subjects

A Donato

Publications and source records attributed to A Donato.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Controlled trial of liquid monopolar electrocoagulation in bleeding peptic ulcers.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of liquid monopolar electrocoagulation in the endoscopic control of major haemorrhage from peptic ulcers. During the 24-month period of the trial, emergency endoscopy was performed on 480 patients consecutively admitted with acute upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. Ulcers were seen in 168 cases (35%). Seventy-eight of these were included in the trial. Active bleeding was present in 21 cases and stigmata of recent bleeding were observed in 57. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in nine of 11 patients with active bleeding ulcers. However, active bleeding can stop spontaneously (as in four of 10 control patients), which reemphasizes the importance of randomized studies. There was a trend toward hemostatic benefit for the electrocoagulation-treated patients with actively bleeding ulcers. In the group of 31 patients with visible vessels, the electrocoagulation treatment reduced significantly both the rate of rebleeding and the emergency surgery. In the group of 26 patients with other stigmata of recent bleeding (fresh or altered clot, or black spots), only in two cases allocated to placebo treatment occurred rebleeding. These patients are at minimal risk of further bleeding. The results offer support to the contention that liquid monopolar electrocoagulation is a safe and effective method of reducing the incidence of further bleeding and emergency surgery. This new technique has the advantages of low cost, easy maintenance, durability, and portability.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Canine mycotic keratoconjuntivitis caused by Acremonium kiliense.

Mycotic keratoconjuntivitis caused by Acremonium kiliense in a German Shepherd bitch was diagnosed with the aid of laboratory tests. The dog presented with photophobia, tearing, corneal edema and reduction of the visual capacity. A thick white layer partially covered the right eye. The left eye showed irritation and small brown stains which were diagnosed as pigmentary keratitis. The initial treatment consisted of 2% yellow mercury oxide. Natamycin was used as final treatment. Seven days later, the natural brightness of the eye as well as the visual capacity were restored.

Acremonium↗
PubMed1984

Behavioural and electrocortical spectrum power changes after intraventricular injection of patulin in rats.

The effects of patulin when given into the third cerebral ventricle of rats, on behaviour and electrocortical spectrum power have been investigated. Patulin (10 micrograms i.v.t.) produced behavioural sedation, hypoalgesia, tail rigidity, piloerection and postural changes. This symptomatology lasted approx. 3 h and was accompanied by slower frequency and larger amplitude potentials in the electrocorticogram (ECoG) and by an increase in total voltage power. A larger dose (50 micrograms) produced a more dramatic picture characterized by catatonic posture with kyphosis, loss of the righting reflex, tail rigidity and on a few occasions short-duration episodes of tonic-clonic convulsions. Such a symptomatology was accompanied by a flattening of ECoG activity with a significant fall in total voltage power, as well as in preselected bands (0-3, 3-6, 6-9, 9-12, and 12-16 Hz). A lower dose (1 microgram) of patulin, on the other hand, produced behavioural sedation without significant changes in ECoG spectrum power.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Contamination of the operating room by anesthetic gases and vapors. II. Gas chromatographic analysis of nitrous oxide].

The contamination by nitrous oxide of an operating room atmosphere was studied in a number of experiments, in the absence of personnel and using a gaschromatographic method. The evacuating device of the anesthesia machine proved to be ineffective to overcome the hazard of leaks in the breathing system, whereas the air conditioning flow rates (12 outside air changes per hour) minimized waste anesthetic gas concentrations.

Air Pollution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination by HPLC of adrenalin (E) and of noradrenalin (NE) in certain species of mesopelagic fish in the Strait of Messina.

The presence of adrenalin (E) and noradrenalin (NE) was found by HPLC both in the photophores and at other tissue levels of numerous species of mesopelagic fish in The Strait of Messina, with the aim of determining the incidence of these catecholamines in photophores, in light transmission and the eventual presence at other tissue levels.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sauvagine/urotensin I-like immunoreactivity in the caudal neurosecretory system of a seawater fish Diplodus sargus L. in normal and hyposmotic milieu.

We report the presence of sauvagine/urotensin I-like immunoreactive (SV/UI-LI) elements in the caudal neurosecretory system of a teleost (Diplodus sargus L.) collected from aquaria tanks of the Aquaculture Center (Talassographic Institut of CNR) of Messina or maintained in an hyposmotic milieu for different periods. In normal specimens, SV/UI-LI material was recognizable in discrete or little amounts both in Dahlgren cell cytoplasm and in their axons that reach the urophysis. On the contrary, the specimens transferred in an hyposmotic milieu showed a fast and dramatic increase of immunoreactivity mainly in neurohemal endings of the urophysis. This suggests a physiological role of caudal neurosecretory products on osmoregulatory mechanisms.

Acclimatization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Octreotide in acute bleeding esophageal varices: a prospective randomized study.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To assess the value of octreotide in the control of acute bleeding esophageal varices, in a prospective randomized study. METHODOLOGY: One hundred and ninety-seven patients admitted for variceal bleeding confirmed at endoscopy were recruited and divided into two groups: group I (n = 111) with endoscopic stigmata of recent bleeding; and group II (n = 86) with active bleeding at emergency endoscopy. Patients in group I were randomized to receive a continuous infusion of octreotide (n = 58) or emergency sclerotherapy (n = 53). Patients in group II were assigned to sclerotherapy (n = 42) or to sclerotherapy plus octreotide (n = 44). At the end of the period of study (48 hours), patients were submitted to sclerotherapy or band ligation until variceal obliteration was achieved. RESULTS: In group I, octreotide was found to be as effective as sclerotherapy regarding hemostasis at 48 hours and on day 7 after the index bleeding episode. Transfusion needs were not significantly different for the two treatment modalities. In group II, the association of octreotide with sclerotherapy was significantly better than sclerotherapy alone either in controlling acute active bleeding (P < 0.001) or in achieving hemostasis at 48 hours (P < 0.01). Transfusion needs were significantly fewer in patients treated with this therapeutic association as compared to sclerotherapy alone. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that octreotide infusion is effective in the treatment of variceal bleeding. In patients with recent bleeding, octreotide infusion is as effective as emergency sclerotherapy. In active variceal bleeding, it is a valuable adjuvant treatment in association with emergency sclerotherapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic injection therapy vs. multipolar electrocoagulation vs. laser vs. injection + octreotide vs. injection + omeprazole in the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers. A prospective randomized study.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: A prospective randomized study was performed to assess the effectiveness and safety of 5 different methods of hemostasis in selected patients with high-risk bleeding peptic ulcers. METHODOLOGY: Two hundred and eight patients (n = 208; mean age: 61.6 yrs) with endoscopic stigmata of active hemorrhage, non-bleeding vessel or adherent fresh clot were randomized during emergency endoscopy to receive one of the following modalities of endoscopic therapy (with or without pharmacological therapy): I) injection of absolute alcohol (n = 44); II) multipolar electrocoagulation (BICAP; n = 42); III) Nd-YAG laser (n = 40); IV) injection of absolute ethanol + octreotide (n = 42); V) injection of absolute ethanol + omeprazole (n = 40). RESULTS: The 5 treatment groups were clinically and endoscopically comparable. The initial hemostatic success was > 90% in every group. No significant differences between groups were found in any of the following parameters assessed during hospitalization: incidence of rebleeding (I = 14.8% vs. II = 19.0% vs. III = 16.6% vs. IV = 18.1% vs. V = 20.0%; P > 0.05 mean = 17.7%); incidence of definitive hemostasis (I = 89.3% vs. II = 85.7% vs. III = 86.6% vs. IV = 84.0% vs. V = 86.6%; P > 0.05; mean = 86.5%); incidence of emergency surgery (I = 8.5% vs. II = 11.9% vs. III = 10.0% vs. IV = 6.8% vs. V = 11.1%; P > 0.05; mean = 9.6%); mortality rate (I = 4.2% vs. II = 4.7% vs. III = 3.3% vs. IV = 13.6% vs. V = 4.4%; P > 0.05; mean = 6.2%). Mean age of deceased patients was significantly higher than living patients (71.2 +/- 13.4 vs. 60.9 +/- 14.4; P < 0.05). Approximately 2/3 of the fatal cases were strongly weakened by coexistent medical diseases. The duration of hospital stay was similar for all groups. The BICAP group required less units of blood transfusion (1.9 +/- 1.8 vs. I = 3.0 +/- 2.6; III = 3.5 +/- 3.6; IV = 2.8 +/- 2.3; V = 3.1 +/- 2.5; P < 0.05), perhaps due to the higher mean value of hemoglobin of these patients at hospital admission, compared to all other groups. No significant complications were reported. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides good evidence that injection of absolute ethanol, multipolar electrocoagulation (BICAP) and Nd-YAG laser are equally safe and effective in the endoscopic therapy of acute bleeding peptic ulcers. In contrast, no additional hemostatic benefits arose from the association of pharmacological agents (octreotide or omeprazole) to sclerosis injection.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Secondary biliary cirrhosis in a patient with histiocytosis X].

Histiocitose X or Histiocytosis of the Langerhans cells represents a complex spectrum of clinical alterations, resulting from infiltration by anomalous histiocytes of various organs, including the skin, bones, lungs, lymphatic ganglia and liver. Liver disease is rare and the mechanism by which lesions appear is unknown. Cholestasis results from phenomena of sclerosant colangitis, which affects the intrahepatic ducts, or from proliferation of histiocytic cells in the periportal areas. Some patients develop biliar cyrrhosis. The authors present the clinical case of a 62-year-old female patient, hospitalized for chronic cholestasis, diabetes and gallstone in the main bile duct. She had metastatic lesions of the hypophysis and bones, the biopsies of which revealed infiltration by histiocytic cells. Endoscopic Retrograde Colangiopancreatography (E.R.C.P.) revealed dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts and stenosis of left hepatic duct. A histological study of the hepatic biopsy showed chronic cholestasis and areas of fibrosis, without infiltration by histiocytic granulomas, which were observed in the medular biopsy and in the thyroid nodule cytology.

Female↗