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Biomedical subjects

A Dobozy

Publications and source records attributed to A Dobozy.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Effectiveness of immunoblotting in the diagnosis of blistering skin diseases].

Results obtained with the immunoblot technique and indirect immunofluorescence on the specific circulating autoantibodies in 20 patients with bullous pemphigoid and in 15 patients with pemphigus vulgaris were compared. In 17 of the 20 patients with bullous pemphigoid, autoantibodies against the 230 kD major antigen could be demonstrated, and in 9 of these 17 patients more specific autoantibodies against "salt-split" epidermis antigen (220, 180, 130, 100 and 75 kD) were shown. Indirect immunofluorescence were positive only on the sera of 5 of the 20 patients with bullous pemphigoid. The sera of 11 of the 15 patients with pemphigus vulgaris yielded autoantibodies against specific antigen (130 and 85 kD protein). To summarize the results, the immunoblot technique is an excellent method to demonstrate circulating autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune bullous skin diseases and its sensitivity is better than that of the indirect immunofluorescence, procedure. Moreover, it gives a possibility to differentiate among different clinical types.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Chronic hemodialysis-related porphyria/pseudoporphyria].

In a considerable proportion of the patients with chronic renal failure, skin changes resembling porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) develop some months to years after the onset of maintenance hemodialysis. This can be either real PCT, or secondary PCT, or PCT-like bullous dermatosis. In a minor proportion, real PCT can be diagnosed. In such cases, elevated total porphyrin levels with a predominance of uro- (I > III) and heptacarboxyl porphyrins (III > I) can be measured in the plasma (also in the urine, if not anuric), and fecal (perhaps urinary as well) isocoproporphyrin can be detected. The activity of the hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UD) is decreased in every type of PCT; in PCT-II, also that of the erythrocyte UD. In a higher proportion, secondary PCT (pseudo-PCT) develops. In this group, porphyrins are accumulated in the plasma due to the unsatisfactory renal function. Uro and hepta are the dominant fractions here as well, but alteration in the ratio of the uro isomers or the presence of isocoproporphyrin can not be expected. The UD activity is probably normal in every tissue. In 1% to 18% of the cases, PCT-like bullous dermatoses develop, but porphyrins are at normal levels in all compartments. The phototoxic agent here is other than porphyrin (e.g. nalidixic acid, furosemide, tetracycline, etc., or unknown). The authors review the knowledge on chronic hemodialysis-related PCT or the PCT-like bullous dermatoses: development of the above-mentioned conditions, clinical and morphological and biochemical features, difficulties in diagnosis, or the possibilities in therapy.

Female↗
PubMed1994

The interleukin-8 receptor: a potential target for antipsoriatic therapy?

Interleukin-8 is assumed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Since an increased expression of the interleukin-8 receptor has been observed both in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and in affected psoriatic epidermis, we were interested in whether the interleukin-8 receptor could be a molecular target of antipsoriatic compounds. Cyclosporine, calcitriol, calcipotriol or dithranol caused a dose-dependent decrease in interleukin-8 binding to cultured human keratinocytes, while interleukin-8 binding to granulocytes was not affected. In addition, the interleukin-8-induced human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression of keratinocytes was nearly completely blocked by treatment of the cells with these substances. The inhibition of the keratinocyte interleukin-8 receptor and its function by antipsoriatic drugs may contribute to their therapeutic action.

Anthralin↗
PubMed1994

[Functional study of the regeneration of nerve fibers after keratinocyte transplantation].

The functional regeneration of sensory nerves was investigated in 5 patients with skin defects (caused by leg ulcers, a burn or fasciitis necrotisans) after transplantation with a keratinocyte suspension. In this area, first the pain sense and soon after wards the cold and heat sense returned, followed finally by the flare reaction caused by the mustard oil test. No sweat production could be observed during the study, because sweat glands were not found after the keratinocyte transplantation. The reinnervation course is roughly the same for skin defects covered with split skin graft or with a keratinocyte suspension.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The lymphocyte transformation test with sulphadiminidum and with prealbumin-sulphadiminidum complex in patients with drug allergy.

Earlier results (the absence or a decreased level of prealbumin [PA] in the serum, a higher proportion of PA-bearing lymphocytes as antigen-binding cells, and the presence of PA in the eluate of lymphocytes in patients with drug allergy) permitted the conclusion that, besides its other relevant functions, PA may also behave as a hapten carrier protein. The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) involving measurement of 3H-thymidine uptake was therefore carried out with sulphadiminidum (SA) alone, with the PA-SA complex, and with the albumin-SA complex in patients with proven (3 cases) or suspected (63 cases) sensitivity to SA. In all 3 cases with proven drug allergy to SA and in 5 of the 63 suspect cases, the LTT was positive in response to both the drug alone and to the PA-SA complex (The albumin-SA complex gave positivity in only one case). In 5 of the 63 suspect cases, the LTT was positive only in response to the PA-SA complex. It is suggested that the sensitivity of the LTT could be increased if the test could be run with a complex of a protein (hapten carrier?) and a drug.

Drug Eruptions↗
PubMed1994

Chemotaxis of freshly separated and cultured human keratinocytes.

It is generally accepted that keratinocyte migration plays a critical role in the process of wound healing. A study was therefore made of the migratory response of freshly separated and cultured human keratinocytes to factors with chemotactic properties for a variety of cells. Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were tested for their chemotactic effectiveness in a modified Boyden chamber assay. IFN-gamma, IL-1 alpha and IL-8 were demonstrated to serve as chemoattractants for freshly separated keratinocytes. For cultured cells, however, only IFN-gamma was found to display chemotactic properties. The findings demonstrate that there is significant difference between the chemotactic behaviour of freshly separated and cultured cells.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1994

Treatment of cold urticaria.

BACKGROUND: The etiology of cold contact urticaria is unknown and the therapy is therefore usually rather disappointing. METHODS: This study reports therapeutic data on 42 patients with cold urticaria treated with a combination of terbutaline (3 x 5 mg a week, later 3 x 2.5 mg) and aminophylline-containing drugs (3 x 150 mg). RESULTS: Complete remission of the urticarial response was achieved in 37 of the 42 patients. CONCLUSIONS: The therapy was tolerated relatively well and the results are promising.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Cytokine system as potential target for antipsoriatic therapy.

Cytokines are produced by a variety of cells and have numerous of overlapping activities. There is increasing evidence that cytokines play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and of other dermatologic diseases. This review summarizes current knowledge as to how the altered cytokine network is involved in the accumulation of inflammatory cells in lesional skin, and how the cytokines are involved in epidermal hyperproliferation. The actions of the most important therapeutic compounds, such as corticosteroids, dithranol, cyclosporine, retinoids, vitamin D3 analogues and ultraviolet radiation, on the cytokine system are also discussed. Consideration is given as to how the effects on the production of cytokines and/or cytokine receptors contribute to their therapeutic action.

Anthralin↗
PubMed1994

Role of interleukin-8 receptor in skin.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a potent chemotactic and proinflammatory cytokine, produced in the skin by a variety of cells in response to inflammatory stimuli. Recent studies suggest that in addition to its potent actions on leukocytes, IL-8 exerts a direct influence on several functions of human epidermal cells such as chemotaxis, Candida albicans killing activity or proliferation. The effects of IL-8 are mediated by binding to two types of specific high-affinity receptors which contain seven transmembrane domains typical of guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors. In the skin, a broad spectrum of cells such as neutrophils, T lymphocytes, mast cells, dermal macrophages, endothelial cells and keratinocytes possess binding sites for IL-8. Recently, increased expression of epidermal IL-8 receptors has been observed in psoriasis an inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin disease. Since the effects of IL-8 may be modulated at the receptor level, the pharmacological manipulation of the IL-8 receptor may prove an important target for the therapy of skin diseases with increased IL-8 levels.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1993

[A new method, based on in situ DNA hybridization, for the detection of papillomavirus in condyloma patients and their partners].

The detection and typing analysis of human papillomavirus (HPV) were carried out by means of BIOHIT in situ HPV DNA hybridization screening and typing kits in condyloma tissues of patients with genital condyloma acuminatum, in cytological smears of their asymptomatic female consorts, and in female patients with vulval condyloma acuminatum. "Low"-risk HPV 6 and HPV 11 were demonstrated most frequently in the condyloma tissues of the male patients. It is noteworthy that all but one female consorts carried similar HPV type(s) in their cervical smears to those of their sexual partners in condyloma tissues. "Medium" and "high"-risk HPV 18, 31 and 33 types (frequently associated with high-grade dysplastic lesions and carcinomas) were demonstrated more frequently in female condylomas than in male. These three HPV types were identified in both tissues in a female patient with condyloma acuminatum and carcinoma epidermoids cornescens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Reliability of clinical diagnosis in malignant melanoma].

During the last 10 years (1981-1990) 14,178 skin tumors were histologically examined in the Department of Dermatology of the University Medical School of Szeged. Of these lesions 520 were diagnosed clinically and histologically as malignant melanoma (true-positive). 104 lesions were clinically diagnosed as malignant melanoma but were found histologically to be other tumors (false-positive). An additional 78 cases diagnosed clinically as other than malignant melanomas, were found histologically to be malignant melanoma (false-negative). The clinical diagnostic accuracy was 74.07%. The index of suspicion was 104.34%, thus demonstrating a slight degree of "overdiagnosis". The sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were consonant with those of the literature.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Platelet-activating factor antagonists (BN 52021 and BN 50730) inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alfa-mediated cytotoxicity on murine L929 tumor cells.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alfa has been described as a mononuclear phagocyte-produced cytotoxin that causes the necrosis and regression of some tumors. The mechanism of the cytotoxicity and the basis for the differential cytotoxic effects of TNF against cells of various origin remains unclear. It has also been reported, that murine TNF stimulates the production of platelet-activating factor (PAF) by cultured peritoneal macrophages, and that PAF enhances TNF production by alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, it is known that the synthesis and release of PAF are inhibited by plasma proteinase inhibitors. This study was devoted to investigate the effects of two specific PAF antagonists (BN 52021 and 50730), and a proteinase inhibitor (aprotinin; GordoxR) on the TNF-induced cytotoxicity in L929 murine fibroblasts. Our present findings indicate that TNF-induced cytotoxicity is inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by the PAF antagonists studied and by the kallikrein inhibitor aprotinin. These findings provide further evidence suggesting that PAF might be involved in the process of the TNF-alfa-induced cytotoxicity of L929 mouse fibroblasts.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Expression of monocyte/macrophage markers (CD13, CD14, CD68) on human keratinocytes in healthy and diseased skin.

The results of several investigations proved that, in special circumstances, human keratinocytes (HKs) synthesize and express cell surface moieties characteristic of effector and/or accessory cells of the immune system, such as CD16, CD36, HLA-DR, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (CD54), which are all detectable on the surfaces of macrophages. In the present study, skin biopsies from healthy volunteers, from positive tuberculin skin tests, and from patients with acute urticaria (AU), lichen planus (LP), psoriasis vulgaris (PV), mycosis fungoides (MF), and purpura pigmentosa chronica (PPC) were investigated by means of a multistep immunoperoxidase method to examine the reactivity of the HKs with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MABs) characteristic of monocyte/macrophage cell lines. In biopsies obtained from positive tuberculin tests and from clinically involved skin of patients with LP, PV, MF, or PPC, a multifocal, positive peroxidase reaction was observed on the membranes of HKs of the basal and suprabasal cell layers when the MABs OKM13 (CD13), OKM14 (CD14), and Dako-Macrophage (CD68) were used. In contrast, specific staining of the HKs was not observed with the same antibodies in the biopsies of healthy volunteers or of patients with AU or in the uninvolved skin specimens obtained from the other patients. The HKs of PV, LP, MF, PPC, and AU patients and those of the healthy subjects all failed to give positive reactions when MABs against CD11b, CD15, or CD33 were used. The published data supplement the known surface characteristics of HKs, reflecting their stage of activation and differentiation.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1993

Papillomavirus DNA typing analysis in condyloma acuminatum patients and their consorts.

The present study demonstrated human papillomavirus (HPV) infection by means of an in situ HPV DNA hybridization screening test (BIOHIT) in 8 male patients with genital condyloma acuminatum, their asymptomatic female consorts and 6 female patients with vulval condyloma acuminatum. The investigations revealed that all but one of the female consorts were infected by HPV but did not show any clinical sign of papillomavirus infection. HPV DNA typing analyses with the most common HPVs present in the genital tract (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33) revealed the same HPV types in the consorts as found in their partners. (HPV 6 and/or 11 were detected in 4 pairs, HPV 18 and 31 in one pair each, and HPV 18/31 and 16/31 double infections in one pair each.) All cytological specimens of female patients with condyloma acuminatum were HPV-infected, the most frequent type being HPV 31. In the one patient with vulval condyloma acuminatum and carcinoma epidermoides cornescens, the "high-risk" HPV 18 was identified in both condyloma and carcinoma tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Detection of circulating antibodies in the blood and immune complex precipitates of patients with autoimmune diseases (preliminary report)].

Antibodies against ENA (Extractable Nuclear Antigens), SSA/Ro and SSB/La were investigated in parallel in the serum and the immune complex precipitates of 41 patients with autoimmune disease (10 systemic lupus erythematosus, 23 discoid lupus erythematosus, 3 subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and 5 progressive systemic sclerosis). It was demonstrated that in some cases the autoantibody spectrum of the serum did not coincide with that of the immune complex precipitate. In the majority of patients the protein content of isolated immune complexes was increased and the increase was attributed to IgG solely. In some patients antibodies appeared not only in the serum but also in immune complex, even in 4 patients (2 systemic lupus erythematosus, 1 subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and 1 progressive systemic sclerosis) antibodies were detected only in the immune complex precipitate.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1992

[Fixed drug-induced exanthema caused by novorin nose drops].

The case of a 36-year-old woman with typically fixed drug eruption is reported. A detailed case history and the diary of the patient helped to reveal the drug (Novorin nose drops) which caused the disease. It was proved by the lymphocyte transformation test.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1992

Immune-associated surface markers of human keratinocytes.

The results of a number of investigations have proved that human keratinocytes (HKs) possess the ability to synthesize and express cell surface moieties characteristic of effector and/or accessory cells of the immune system. The present paper summarizes the known immune cell surface features of HKs, reflecting their stage of activation and differentiation. The surface and functional characteristics of HKs suggest their monocyte/macrophage behavior, which fits in well with the presumed active involvement of HKs in the skin immune system.

Antigens, CD↗