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Biomedical subjects

A Diop

Publications and source records attributed to A Diop.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Closed traumas of the thorax. Assessment of two years activity at the Dakar Trauma Center].

Two years after opening the Dakar Trauma Center has received 179 cases of blunt chest trauma without prehospital treatment. Road accidents were the leading cause. The initial mortality was 29 patients (16.20%) and 150 patients arrived alive and were treated. The initial mortality was primarily due to the associated extrathoracic injuries mainly hemorrhagic with hemoperitoneum in 44.82% and brain hemorrhage in 24.14% of cases. Secondly, it was due to the thoracic injuries with 41.37% of anterior flail chest and massive hemothorax in 65.51% of cases. Among the 150 patients treated, 42% had extrathoracic injuries, mainly head trauma. 56% were admitted to intensive care units with 39 chest drainages and 6 thoracotomies were performed. The mortality in this group was about 11.33%. The very high initial mortality could be reduced by the organisation of prehospital treatment to take better care of patients involved in road accidents.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

[Artificial depigmentation practice of the skin in women of Dakar and analytical study of the cosmetic products used].

This survey which involved 6 salesman and 159 women, allowed us to carry out a study on the different cosmetic products used by women in Dakar to artificially bleach their skin. An analytical study has been conducted on those skin bleaching products through colorimetric identifications of hydroquinone, corticoids and mercurial derivates and the dosage of hydroquinone by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). It was established that those products were essentially corticoids and hydroquinone based products and could induce serious dermatological troubles to users. This phenomenon, known in Wolof "xessal", and motivated by various factors, is facilitated by easy access to skin bleaching products available in the town market places. It affects an important part of the female population of all ages (educated, illiterate, married and single). In view of the importance of the phenomenon, emergency actions must be taken to eradicate it.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1993

[Colic occlusions: retrospective study of 62 cases].

The profile of colic occlusions has been drawn from sixty two (62) observations made at the Surgical Clinic between 1970 and 1984. The male sex was slightly more affected (3 men for 2 women) with the age of the patients ranging from 19 to 82 years. The clinical sign could be summed up as following: a montrous ballooning of the abdomen which is asymmetrical in 89% of the cases. The occlusions with a stade of shock represented 58% of our observations. The abdomen plain film exhibited the characteristic signs in 89% of the cases. The etiology is dominated by the volvulus of the pelvic colon in 83% of the cases. The essentially surgical treatment has mostly consisted on a resection-anastomosis. Mortality rate was 9.7%. Late consultation of the patients, the shortage of fully equiped medical infrastructure explain the gravity of the affection.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Automatic in vivo NMR data processing based on an enhancement procedure and linear prediction method.

A new data processing method for in vivo NMR data quantitation is presented. This method (EPLPSVD) is based on the enhancement procedure (EP) proposed by J. A. Cadzow (IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. 36, 49, 1988) followed by the usual linear prediction method using the singular value decomposition (LPSVD). The evaluation of this protocol is performed using synthesized 31P signals with different signal-to-noise ratios. A Monte-Carlo simulation as a function of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) has proved that EPLPSVD leads to unbiased estimated values of parameters. Then the Cramer-Rao method yields reliable confidence intervals for the estimated parameters. The estimates of NMR parameters using EPLPSVD are reliable and accurate for SNR > or = 1.2 while the LPSVD method failed for SNR < or = 4. This protocol is applied to analyze automatically a series of 31P free induction decays obtained from the human gastrocnemius muscle during exercise. Spectral parameters with their confidence intervals, curves of relative intensity variations in phosphocreatine and inorganic phosphate, and pH curves are automatically provided.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1992

[Detecting and monitoring leprosy neuropathy: which test to chose?].

The purpose of the study is to propose a simple and reproducible test for assessing nerve damage in leprosy. It is applied to the sensory branch of the radial nerve of leprosy patients, prior to any treatment. Skin sensitivity is measured by means of a needle, a drop of ether and some calibrated filaments. These three tests are collated and compared with the results of electromyographic examination of the nerve. The filament calibrated to 0.2 grams gives optimum sensitivity (0.79) and excellent specificity (0.95) in relation to the electromyographic test. Its routine use in the field is simple and reproducible and should result in a greater number of patients receiving the treatment they need.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1992

[Christopherson's tumor. Review of the literature apropos of a retroperitoneal localization].

Alveolar soft-part sarcoma is rare, and its retroperitoneal localization in psoas major muscle, exceptional. Concerning a case occurred in a young woman, the authors focus on the characters of this tumor of unknown histogenesis which affects predominantly young adults, mainly females. This disease, which symptomatology is poor and which evolution is particularly long for such a neoplasm, leads inexorably to death despite surgical treatment that represents to date, the unique efficient therapeutic modality.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis of the infant. Apropos of 8 cases].

Eight cases of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis collected in 10 years (1980-1989) in the Pediatric Surgery Unit of the Surgical Clinic of Dakar are reported. The rarity of this pathology among Blacks and a male predominance are noted. The clinical onset occurred after an average period of 3,25 weeks marked by food vomiting. At the start of the surgical management the age of patients was 6 weeks. X-ray examination following a barium meal showed no passage of contrast in 3 cases. However a narrowed and elongated pyloric canal was noted in 5 cases. Abdominal sonography was used in 3 cases and showed gastric stasis with a hypertrophy of pyloric muscle. A rammstedt pyloromyotomy was performed after a period of few hours to 13 days of resuscitation. A duodenal perforation complicated the operation twice and was subsequently repaired. In the post operative period, two patients died within 2-3 days. One of them had duodenal perforation. Six patients made a good recovery.

Female↗
PubMed1992

[Ureteral-pelvic junction syndrome in the child. Apropos of 8 cases].

Eight cases of uretero-pelvic junction syndrom collected in the ten past years are reported. They are 4 males and 4 females ranged from 18 months to 15 years with a mean age of 4.5 years. This age too late is probably due to the misknowlege but also to the lack of information about the pathology. The main characteristics of this syndrome are analysed according to the literature. All patients except one underwent nephrectomy because the irreverible lesions of the kidney. The authors emphasize the importance of early diagnosis done by antenatal echography but it can be made with a good clinical examination followed by the results of I.V.P. It is necessary for them to make parents, general practitioners and paediatricians sensitive to that pathology to avoid such operating act whose consequence are very serious where as it is benign.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A case report of epididymo-testicular bilharziasis in a child].

The disease was revealed by a tumor of the left testis. Ultrasound showed an enlargement of testis and epididymis with some hypoechogenic areas resembling epididymo-orchitis or tumor. The location of bilharzial lesions in the testis is very rare. The main sign of urogenital bilharziosis, hematuria, was present. Orchidectomy is the treatment of choice when the testis is destroyed and only histological study is able to confirm the nature of testicular mass.

Child↗
PubMed1992

[Posterior urethral valves in Senegalese children. Fourteen cases].

Fourteen pediatric cases of posterior urethral valves in patients aged 6 months to 14 years (with four infants and ten older children) are reported. The main symptoms were vesical, including dysuria, acute urinary retention and dribbling. One patient presented with diarrhea, vomiting and dribbling. Urethral valves were looked for as part of the evaluation for urinary lithiasis in one patient, and in another urinary lithiasis developed following the diagnosis of urethral valves. In half the cases, onset of symptoms occurred within one year of birth. Urethrocystography allowed to evidence the valves and to evaluate repercussions on the bladder including hyperplasia (7 cases) and diverticula (2 cases). The intravenous urogram disclosed bilateral ureterohydronephrosis in eight cases. Pathogens recovered from the urine included Klebsiella (3 patients), Pseudomonas (4 patients), Proteus (one patient), and E. coli (one patient). Most patients were treated by catheter lamination under antimicrobial therapy. Two patients died from renal failure. Results were considered satisfactory in nine cases with follow-ups ranging from 1 month to 4 years. Three patients were lost to follow-up. Early diagnosis is essential and management should rely mainly on endoscopic resection which reduces the length of the hospital stay and the risk of infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Intestinal obstruction caused by postoperative adhesion. 79 cases].

The intestinal post-operative bridle represents the third most important etiology of obstructions at the clinic of the University Hospital of Dakar, behind hernia strangulations and the volvulus of the digestive tube. Between 1970 and 1989, a retrospective study has led to a sample of 79 patients with post-operative bridle obstructions. The group was made of 47 women and 32 men between 17 and 84 years of age. Stomach ache was by far the most common functional symptomatology, followed by the stoppage of the transit and vomiting. In most cases palpation revealed the presence of tympanism. For almost all the patients, the abdomen without preparation revealed either a hydroaeric level or a diffuse grey area. The initial intervention concerned mainly gynecological affections or pathologies of appendicular type. The resection of the bridles was carried out in most cases. There were 10 deaths. The intestinal obstructions by post-operative bridles continue to be a surgical emergency still characterized by a high mortality rate. The late consultation of the patients, often received when presenting considerable visceral deficiency, is one of the main causes of the high rate of fatalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Genital prolapse in Dakar].

Genital prolapses are the result of musculo-ligamentary alterations often caused or complicated by traumatic delivery and senible atrophy of the tissues. From 1969 to 1988, we gathered 104 files of patients with genital prolapses. The age of the patients ranged from 20 to 70 years with an average age of 30. The subject between the ages of 20 and 39 were the most affected (64%). The average number of children per woman was 4. 60 patients had 5 children. No case of prolapses was found among virgin or mulliparous women. In 48 cases delivery was dystocic. The clinical symptomatology was a feeling of intravaginal globus, pelvic algia and discomfort (57 cases). Straingul urinary incontinence wax manifest in 15 patients. Colpocystocele (88 cases), rectocele (66 cases) and hysterocele (50 cases) were among the most frequently evidence lesions. On the therapeutic matter, the low passage was used 58 times and the high passage 32 times. An urinary gesture was made 33 times. There was no operatory fatality. Urinary troubles related to infection, acute retention of urine and strainful urinary incontinence were observed. Later 10 cases of recurrence were observed within an average time interval of 2 years. This work is characterized by the young age of the patients. It denotes the noticeable role played by obstétrical traumatisms in the genesis of genital prolapses in the African context. The senescence and atrophy of the tissues seem to have a less important role in contrast with the developed countries. Finally, the surgical treatment of these patients must take into account, among other things, the child bearing desire of the patients, given the social and psychological weight of maternity in our society.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Paravesical hemangiopericytoma. Apropos of a case].

Paravesical hemangiopericytoma is a vascular tumour that develops at the expense of the pericyts surrounding the blood capillaries. Its dim prognosis relates to its high potential of malignancy. With respect to the first case examined at the Dakar C.H.U. (the 10th case world wide), a literature review has been done. The diagnosis is based on histology while arteriography provides guiding elements. This particular case strikes especially the young individual, with no preference for a given sex. Therapy-wise, radiotherapy seems efficient. But, surgery remains, at the moment, the choice treatment of paravesical hamangiopericytoma. It consists of a large exeresis associated with radiotherapy. Chemotherapy still hold a limited place within the therapeutic arsenal against paravesical hemangiopericytoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Penetrating wounds of the chest].

The authors report on 116 chest wound cases. The initial death rate is very high--47.41%. A knife wound is the most common cause (83.64%). Among casualties brought in alive, pure thorax wounds predominated (67.21%) followed by thoraco-abdominal wounds (26.23%) and cervico-thorax wounds (6.56%). Post-mortems attribute death to the seriousness of visceral lesions with the heart wounded in over 41.81% of the cases. The seriousness of chest wounds is stressed, as is the need for full and rapid therapy.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1990

[Pancreatic pseudocyst: diagnosis, treatment. Apropos of 7 cases].

A pseudocyst of the pancreas (PCP) is a rare affliction in Africa despite widespread malnutrition and abdominal disorders. The authors cover 7 PCP observations on 3 men and 2 women between 18 and 32 years, and 2 boys of 5 and 6 years, in the clinical context of abdominal pain (7/7), an abdominal tumour (7/7) and as a sequence to abdominal contusion (4/7). In 5 cases, echotomography led the etiological investigation of the liquid mass to seek a pancreatic origin. Surgical treatment consisted of 2 termino-lateral cystojejunostomies on a shaped flexure++ and 3 latero-lateral cystojejunostomies (of which one had to be drained externally two times); and a corporeo-caudal pancreatectomy. Supervision of between 1 1/2 and 5 years (1 1/2 years: 3 patients; 2 1/2 years: 2 patients; 5 years: 1 patient; 1 patient lost track of) revealed only one recurrence after internal latero-lateral drainage, and that without clinical repercussions. The authors use this short experiment to study the clinical and paraclinical symptomatology, the etiology and the treatment of PCPs. They stress the role of medical pictures in diagnosis, and of interventional radiology in treatment, but above all the primacy of surgery to treat pseudocysts of the pancreas in Africa.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1990

[Complications of Meckel's diverticulum in Dakar (apropos of 2 cases)].

Meckel's diverticula is the most common lesion among the abnormalities resulting from the persistence of the vitelline canal and its vessels. Studying it is interesting, on the one hand, because of the difficulty of detecting it, and, on the other, because of the possibility of accidents dominated by intestinal occlusions and digestive haemorrhages. Two observations on complications in Meckel's diverticula discovered in young men in the casualty unit are covered, and literature on the rare pathology is reviewed.

Abdominal Pain↗