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Biomedical subjects

A Deutsch

Publications and source records attributed to A Deutsch.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Total acrosin activity correlates with fertility potential after fertilization in vitro.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible relationship between total acrosin activity in spermatozoa and fertility potential after fertilization in vitro. DESIGN: Total acrosin activity of spermatozoa was measured in 101 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cases by an observer unaware of fertilization and cleavage results. SETTING: University Hospital is a tertiary referral center offering a government supported In Vitro Fertilization Programme. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were couples undergoing IVF. INTERVENTIONS: A miniature assay measured total acrosin activity in the semen sample used for IVF. OUTCOME MEASURES: The proportion of mature oocytes fertilized, the proportion of mature oocytes transferred, and fertilization of at least one mature oocyte were considered outcomes with fertility potential. RESULTS: Total acrosin activity correlated with both the proportion of mature oocytes fertilized and the proportion of mature oocytes that were transferred as cleaving embryos. Total acrosin activity was higher in cycles when one or more mature oocyte fertilized compared with cycles with failed fertilization of all mature oocytes. CONCLUSIONS: The likelihood ratio for subnormal results indicates that measurement of total acrosin activity is a fair test of the fertilizing capacity of sperm.

Acrosin↗
PubMed1990

HIV antibody screening among immigrants: a cost-benefit analysis.

To assess the economic impact of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) antibody screening among potential immigrants on Canada's health care system we estimated the costs and benefits of such screening among the 160 135 immigrants who entered Canada in 1988 using the in-hospital costs of treating AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) over the 10 years after immigration. This economic model was based on current international HIV seroprevalence data, Canadian immigration statistics and estimates of disease progression. Between 343 and 862 of the immigrants were estimated to have been HIV seropositive; with the use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the Western blot technique 310 to 780 of them would have been correctly identified as being seropositive, and 33 to 82 would have been incorrectly classified as being seronegative. Another 16 would have been falsely classified as being seropositive. There would have been 151 to 379 cases of AIDS from 1988 to 1998 among the immigrants identified as being HIV-positive. The estimated total cost of screening would have been $3.3 to $3.4 million. The in-hospital costs of treating HIV-infected immigrants in whom AIDS developed between 1989 and 1998 would have been $5.0 to $17.1 million. Accordingly, screening would have saved $1.7 to $13.7 million over the 10 years after immigration. However, we do not advocate screening on the basis of economic analysis alone and acknowledge that any policy regarding such screening must also incorporate social, legal and ethical considerations.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Syntactic competence and reading ability in children.

The effect of syntactic context on auditory word identification and on the ability to detect and correct syntactic errors in speech was examined in severely reading disabled children and in good and poor readers selected from the normal distribution of fourth graders. The poor readers were handicapped when correct reading required analysis of the sentence context. However, their phonological decoding ability was intact. Identification of words was less affected by syntactic context in the severely disabled readers than in either the good or poor readers. Moreover, the disabled readers were inferior to good readers in judging the syntactical integrity of spoken sentences and in their ability to correct the syntactically aberrant sentences. Poor readers were similar to good readers in the identification and judgment tasks, but inferior in the correction task. The results suggest that the severely disabled readers were inferior to both good and poor readers in syntactic awareness, and in ability to use syntactic rules, while poor readers were equal to good readers in syntactic awareness but were relatively impaired in using syntactic knowledge productively.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of patients with persistent symptoms after lateral retinacular release by kinematic magnetic resonance imaging of the patellofemoral joint.

The arthroscopic lateral retinacular release is typically performed to treat patellar pain and instability. This procedure was previously considered to be relatively benign with a low associated complication rate. However, a high incidence of medial subluxation of the patella was recently reported in patients with persistent symptoms after lateral retinacular release. Because the use of physical examination criteria may not always be sufficient to assess patellar alignment, 40 patients (43 knees) were evaluated by the newly developed technique of kinematic magnetic resonance imaging of the patellofemoral joint. One (2%) patellofemoral joint had normal patellar alignment, 10 (23%) had lateral subluxation of the patella, 1 (2%) had excessive lateral pressure syndrome, 27 (63%) had medial subluxation of the patella, and 4 (9%) had lateral-to-medial subluxation of the patella. Seventeen of 40 patients (43%) with unilateral arthroscopic lateral retinacular releases had medially subluxated patellae on the unoperated joints. Because patellar malalignment commonly affects bilateral joints, medial subluxation of the patella may have been present before the lateral retinacular release but was not recognized in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Vacuum injection--a new indirect fixing method for the demonstration of initial lymphatics in biopsy specimens of human organs.

With the indirect vacuum injection method (IVIM) at a negative pressure of 30 kPa, it is possible to demonstrate the initial lymphatics (IL) by scanning electron microscopy even in biopsy specimens of various organs (minimum size 0.5 X 0.5 cm2). IL can also be dilated and fixed using the indirect perfusor injection method (IPIM), but only in larger specimens (minimum size 2.0 X 2.0 cm2). Only dilated IL can be examined by scanning electron microscopy, and only the IL of the ampulla of the Fallopian tube can be reliably dilated during immersion fixation. The quality of fixation on use of the vacuum technique conforms to the standard achieved with other methods. No one has yet succeeded in demonstrating the IL in biopsy specimens smaller than mentioned above using any of the methods described.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Biochemical tissue markers of human colorectal carcinoma.

The potential therapeutic effects of differentiating agents on leukemic and solid tumor cells are being evaluated worldwide. These effects can be followed by morphologic as well as biochemical parameters. The enzymatic profile of four enzymes and the level of carcinoembryonic antigen were studied in 24 human colorectal carcinoma specimens and their adjacent uninvolved mucosa. The enzymes studied were thymidine kinase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase as markers of proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as markers of differentiation. A consistent finding was a marked increase in the activities of thymidine kinase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in the tumor cells as compared with the adjacent normal mucosa. The activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was not significantly different between tumor and uninvolved colon tissue. Alkaline phosphatase activity was markedly reduced in the tumor specimens. A relationship between the degree of differentiation and the degree of penetration and CEA expression was demonstrated in the tumor specimens as well as in their surrounding uninvolved mucosa.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Resurrection of the amputations of Lisfranc and Chopart for diabetic gangrene.

When a patient with neuropathic diabetic gangrene of the foot has sepsis, it is not always necessary to do a below-knee guillotine amputation or a Syme's amputation. In more than six years we have done 18 successful open Lisfranc's and Chopart's amputations. Improved ambulation has been achieved in three months using simple shoe prostheses. All flaps are fashioned immediately and never sutured. No equinus deformities have developed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Production of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin.

In an effort to develop new approaches to the study and control of infectious diarrhea, we prepared murine monoclonal antibodies to the Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STa). The toxin was purified from E. coli culture media and conjugated to bovine serum albumin. The STa-bovine serum albumin conjugate was used to immunize BALB/c mice, and the immune spleen cells from these mice were fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells. Resultant hybridomas were screened in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay protocol against 500 ng of STa-bovine serum albumin bound to microtiter wells as the solid-phase antigen. Five stable clones were selected and grown further in ascites fluid, which demonstrated anti-STa activity at dilutions of up to 1:500,000 in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for heat-stable enterotoxin. In a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay format, the antibodies recognized several human and porcine strains of STa to various extents, but did not recognize E. coli heat-labile toxin, cholera toxin, or staphylococcal enterotoxin B. The antibodies were all able to bind lactoperoxidase-labeled [125I]STa, and antibody 20B3 was also able to dissociate [125I]STa bound to toxin receptors on rat jejunal villous cells. Preincubation of STa with antibodies 20B3 or 20F5 led to a concentration-dependent neutralization of toxin activity in a suckling mouse intestinal secretion assay. These antibodies are likely to provide new tools for the continued study of STa structure-function relationships and may lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of E. coli-induced infectious diarrhea.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy.

Data on the management of primary hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy are sparse and relatively few parathyroidectomies have been performed during pregnancy. Provided the diagnosis can be established with reasonable certainty, removal of a parathyroid adenoma should be undertaken during the second or at the beginning of the third trimester. Parathyroidectomy in the hands of a surgeon familiar with this operation carries few risks. The complication rate of untreated cases may reach 80 per cent and include spontaneous abortion, fetal death and neonatal tetany. We present two cases of pregnant women who underwent successful parathyroidectomy during the course of gestation.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

A clinical study of four Unification church members.

Four women who were or had been members of the Unification church were studied by means of clinical interviews and psychological tests. The authors found that these women shared the following characteristics: 1) difficulties with heterosexual relations; 2) idealism and usually the wish to serve or unify others; 3) a spiritual world view with "magical-mystical" overtones; and 4) a tendency to deny and "wish away" threatening perceptions, specifically noted in projective testing. They suggest how these characteristics may have influenced the subjects' affinity for the life style and doctrines of the sect.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Intrauterine/newborn testicular torsion.

Although spermatic cord torsion in the neonate is uncommon, early recognition with prompt surgical exploration and detorsion of the cord can result in preservation of some testicular tissue. Palpation of the infantile testes can be difficult, and distinguishing testicular from extratesticular abnormalities may not be possible. High-resolution real-time ultrasonography is an effective, noninvasive method of differentiating between the two. If sonography demonstrates and abnormal testicle, prompt surgical exploration is indicated.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Ultrasonic demonstration of the inflamed appendix: case report.

Ultrasound was used to visualize a grossly inflamed nonperforated appendix in a child with acute leukemia. The characteristic sonographic pattern of the gastrointestinal tract was altered, and showed thickening of the bowel wall. In this case, use of ultrasound as an initial screening procedure in a patient with abdominal complaints aided diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract abnormality prior to more traditional studies.

Appendicitis↗