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Biomedical subjects

A Dawodu

Publications and source records attributed to A Dawodu.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Agyria-pachygyria and agenesis of the corpus callosum: autosomal recessive inheritance with neonatal death.

We report three neonates, one boy and two girls, born to an inbred Arab family who had cortical dysplasia, probably agyria-pachygyria, and agenesis of the corpus callosum. All had asphyxia, intractable seizures, and increased muscle tone at birth and died in the neonatal period. Congenital microcephaly or dysmorphic features were absent. Cytogenetic abnormality, metabolic disorder, and intrauterine infection were excluded. These cases suggest a new cerebral dysgenesis syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1997

United Arab Emirates population data on three DNA tetrameric short tandem repeat loci: HUMTHO1, TPOX and CSF1PO--derived using multiplex polymerase chain reaction and manual typing.

Allele and genotype frequencies for three tetrameric short tandem repeat (STR) loci: HUMTHO1, TPOX, and CSFIPO, were determined in a United Arab Emirates (UAE) national population sample (n = 119). The loci were amplified simultaneously and the PCR products were separated in polyacrylamide DNA sequencing gels. Detection of the DNA fragments was accomplished using silver staining. Allele designations were determined by comparison to an allelic ladder. One allele at each locus was sequenced to confirm the nature of the repeats and their number. Alleles at the HUMTHO1 and TPOX loci were distributed bimodally, while CSF1PO showed unimodal distribution. The observed heterozygosities were 76% for HUMTHO1, 64% for TPOX, and 71% for CSF1PO. No deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg expectations was observed in the genotype distribution for the loci TPOX and CSF1PO, but the HUMTHO1 locus did depart from HWE based on the likelihood ratio and the exact test. No correlation was detected between the alleles at any of the three pairs of loci. The allelic frequency data of these three loci in the UAE population sample can thus be used in human identity testing.

DNA↗
PubMed1997

Risk factors and prognosis for brachial plexus injury and clavicular fracture in neonates: a prospective analysis from the United Arab Emirates.

The purpose was to identify risk factors and document the incidence and prognosis for brachial plexus palsy (BPP) and clavicular fracture (CF) among consecutive hospital liveborn (LB) infants in the United Arab Emirates. During a 2-year period, all hospital-born infants were examined twice by paediatricians before discharge and those found to have BPP or CF were evaluated and followed up by an orthopaedic surgeon. Each clavicular fracture was confirmed radiologically. For the assessment of risk factors, three controls were selected for each case of BPP or CF. Of the 9231 LB, 27 (2.9/1000) had BPP while 24 (2.6/1000) sustained CF. After controlling for potential confounding variables, shoulder dystocia (SD), fetal macrosomia (birthweight > 4000 g), instrumental vaginal delivery and diabetes remained risk factors for BPP while only fetal macrosomia and instrumental delivery increased the risk of CF. The frequency of these risk factors was higher than that reported from the West. Infants with BPP had a higher incidence of SD (p = 0.0001) and tended to be heavier (p = 0.052) than those with CF. All infants with CF recovered while 20% of those with BPP had moderate to severe residual disabilities. This study highlights geographic differences in risk factors for BPP and CF and the possible contribution of BPP to morbidity in infancy. Early recognition of fetal macrosomia and improved management of SD and maternal diabetes are necessary to reduce the incidence of BPP and CF as well as morbidity from BPP in this community.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A case control study of neonatal sepsis: experience from Saudi Arabia.

Sixty-one cases of neonatal septicaemia (NNS) identified by positive blood cultures during surveillance of infection at King Fahd Hospital of the University in Khobar, Saudi Arabia from September 1983-September 1988 were studied to evaluate the local pattern of pathogens and the risk factors for sepsis using a case control analysis. The incidence of NNS was 4.9 per 1000 live births (LB). Among inborn infants, birth weight specific sepsis rate ranged from 2 per 1000 liveborns among infants with birth weight > or = 2500 g to 150 per 1000 liveborns in those weighing < or = 1500 g. Factors significantly associated with septicaemia were foetal distress, low Apgar score at 5 min, and requirement for mechanical ventilation and umbilical catheterization. Similar findings were obtained with infants whose mothers had pre-eclampsia. Staphylococci were the major Gram-positive isolate occurring in both 'early' (< or = 48 h) and 'late' (448 h) onset septicaemia. The study highlights the importance of knowledge of local epidemiology of NNS to formulate antibiotic policy. It also suggests the need for reporting birth weight specific rates and for a larger case control study of risk factors for NNS.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1997

Fibrochondrogenesis: clinical and radiological features.

We report an Omani child with fibrochondrogenesis. This neonatally lethal bone dysplasia is characterized by a distinctive facial appearance and specific radiological changes. Only seven cases have been reported previously. The clinical and radiological features together with the differential diagnosis is discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

Sociodemographic risk factors associated with low birthweight in United Arab Emirates.

This case-control study was undertaken to determine sociodemographic risk factors for low birth weight in Al-Ain (United Arab Emirates) over a 12-month period in 1992-93. A total of 3485 live births occurred of which 293 (8.4%) were low birth weight. The risk factors considered were mother's occupation, house conditions, place of residence (urban or rural), maternal smoking habits, antenatal care, availability of help in the home, maternal BMI and educational status. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that mother's occupation, maternal smoking, antenatal care, and lack of help in the home were associated with increased risk of low birth weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Ophthalmia neonatorum in the United Arab Emirates.

Ophthalmia neonatorum in small babies is a common problem in neonatal units in Al Ain, but is infrequently associated with sexually transmitted disease agents. A study of 81 babies with ophthalmia neonatorum showed that 81.5% had bacterial or fungal infections. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest causative organism followed by Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa while Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were responsible for less than 5% of all cases. The disease was predominantly mild to moderately severe and easily treated with topical broad-spectrum antibiotic agents which are effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including hospital-associated strains. The most effective antimicrobial agents were gentamicin topically or ceftriaxone systemically.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1995

Obstetric risk factors affecting incidence of low birth weight in live-born infants.

This study was conducted to determine the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) in the indigenous population of Al Ain and to identify some risk factors associated with it. The population studied included all consecutive deliveries, occurring in the 3 hospitals in Al Ain City, where almost all deliveries take place, during a 1-year period. When a LBW infant (< 2,500 g) was born, gestational age assessment was made and a questionnaire completed during an interview with the mother. For control, the first baby who weighed more than 2,500 g at birth, following the birth of a LBW was recruited. It was found that a total of 3,485 live births occurred of which 293 were classified as LBW, giving an LBW incidence of 8.4%. Of these, 73 (24.9%) were small for gestational age (< 10th percentile for gestational age). Overall, the mothers of LBW infants were found to be statistically significantly younger in age. The mothers of LBW infants also had a significantly higher number of previous LBW deliveries, twin deliveries and a larger number of premature rupture of membranes. The factors that were not significantly different in the 2 groups were diabetes during pregnancy, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia/eclampsia, occurrence of significant infection during pregnancy, 1st and 2nd trimester bleeding, and antepartum hemorrhage. This is the first comprehensive study on the incidence of LBW infants in the United Arab Emirates. The main obstetric factors responsible for this were found to be age, number of previous LBW babies, premature rupture of membranes and multiple births.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1993

A community survey of neurological disorders in Saudi Arabia: the Thugbah study.

We report the findings of a total population survey of Thugbah community in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia (SA) to determine its point prevalence of neurological diseases. During this two-phase door-to-door study, all Saudi nationals living in Thugbah were first screened by trained interviewers using a pretested questionnaire (sensitivity 98%, specificity 89%) administered at a face-to-face interview. Individuals with abnormal responses were then evaluated by a neurologist using specific guidelines and defined diagnostic criteria to document neurological disease. The questionnaire was readministered blind by a neurologist to all those with abnormal responses and a 1-in-20 random sample of those without abnormal responses, respectively. The family members of an individual with an abnormal response were also screened to improve accuracy. A total of 23,227 Saudis (98% of the eligible subjects) were screened and those residing in Thugbah on the reference date (22,630) were used to calculate the point prevalence rates. Forty-two percent of those screened were in the first decade of life and only 1.5% were more than 60 years old. There were marginally more females (50.2%) than males (49.8%). Consanguineous marriages especially between first cousins were present in 54.6%. The demographic characteristics of Thugbah community were similar to those in other parts of SA. The overall crude prevalence ratio (PR) for all forms of neurological disease was 131/1,000 population. All subsequent PRs are per 1,000 population. Headache syndromes were the most prevalent disorder (PR 20.7). The PR for all seizure disorders was 7.60, and the epilepsies (6.54) were more frequent than febrile convulsions (0.84). Mental retardation, cerebral palsy syndrome, and microcephaly were common pediatric problems with PRs of 6.27, 5.30 and 1.99, respectively. Stroke, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease were uncommon with respective PRs of 1.8, 0.27 and 0.22. Central nervous system (CNS) malformations (0.49) such as hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele were more prevalent than spinal muscular atrophy (0.13), congenital brachial palsy (0.13) and narcolepsy (0.04). Multiple sclerosis was rare (0.04). Osteoarthritis and low back pain syndromes were the main non-neurological conditions seen. The major medical diseases that may be neurologically relevant were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and connective tissue disorders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Cerebral palsy in Saudi Arabia: a case-control study of risk factors.

There is increasing evidence that cerebral palsy (CP) in developed countries results mainly from antenatal factors, whereas reports from developing countries suggest that perinatal and postnatal factors may be more important because of less than optimal delivery conditions. The authors studied 103 Saudi children with CP and compared their antecedent factors with those of a control group. The major risk factors identified were a history of CP in a sibling and consanguinity of the parents. Low birthweight (less than 2000g), gestational age less than 32 weeks, twin pregnancy and respiratory distress were significantly more frequent among CP cases than controls. The results suggest that antenatal factors, including inherited ones, play a major role in the pathogenesis of CP in Saudi Arabia, which is contrary to previous reports from this region. Their contribution to the pathogenesis of CP in developing countries may be greater than previously assumed.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1989

Congenital intrinsic duodenal obstruction: problems in the diagnosis and management.

Nineteen infants with intrinsic duodenal obstruction are analyzed. Atresia was the most common lesion. An exceptionally high rate of associated anomalies (73.7%) were present; Down's syndrome, the single most common anomaly, was seen in 47% of the infants. In seven infants, the diagnosis was delayed and in another three it was made intraoperatively while establishing a gastrostomy for esophageal atresia. Three infants died without operation because of gross prematurity and multiple anomalies. Of the 16 operated on, three died, one due to peritonitis and the other two because of metabolic derangements. Of the various operative procedures used, no significant difference was found in the final outcome of treatment. A schematic approach to the diagnosis and management is proposed.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗