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Biomedical subjects

A David

Publications and source records attributed to A David.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Complications after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and vascular surgery].

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is an accepted technique in the treatment of occlusive vascular disease. We report complications associated with balloon catheter dilatation and their treatment in the period from 1. 1. 1986 to 31. 3. 1990. Complications were found at the site of dilatation and the site of insertion of the catheter, mostly in the pelvic and femoral region. Surgical correction was successful in all patients, however three patients died postoperatively of acute myocardial ischemia. To avoid these complications close co-operation between the radiologist performing the dilatation and the vascular surgeon managing the complications should be assured.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Tired, weak, or in need of rest: fatigue among general practice attenders.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and associations of symptoms of fatigue. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey. SETTING: London general practice. PARTICIPANTS: 611 General practice attenders. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scores on a fatigue questionnaire and reasons given for fatigue. RESULTS: 10.2% Of men (17/167) and 10.6% of women (47/444) had substantial fatigue for one month or more. Age, occupation, and marital status exerted minor effects. Subjects attributed fatigue equally to physical and non-physical causes. Physical ill health, including viral infection, was associated with more severe fatigue. Women rather than men blamed family responsibilities for their fatigue. The profile of persistent fatigue did not differ from that of short duration. Only one person met criteria for the chronic fatigue syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Fatigue is a common complaint among general practice attenders and can be severe. Patients may attribute this to physical, psychological, and social stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Insight.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium↗
PubMed1990

Sedation during spinal anaesthesia: comparison of propofol and midazolam.

Propofol and midazolam were compared in 40 patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery under spinal anaesthesia. An infusion of either 1% propofol or 0.1% midazolam was given at a rate adjusted to maintain a similar level of sedation. The mean time to reach this required level was similar in both groups. Quality and ease of control of sedation were good in all patients. A mean infusion rate of 3.63 mg kg-1 h-1 was required for propofol and 0.26 mg kg-1 h-1 for midazolam. Immediate recovery, as judged by ability to open eyes and recall date of birth, was significantly more rapid following propofol (P less than 0.001). Similarly, restoration of higher mental function was significantly faster following propofol, measured by choice reaction time and critical flicker fusion threshold. Amnesia for the immediate postoperative period was significantly greater after midazolam (P = 0.0001).

Anesthesia Recovery Period↗
PubMed1990

Are British psychiatrists racist?

Out of a sample of 220 British psychiatrists, 139 completed a questionnaire regarding a case vignette of psychotic illness. The sex and 'race' of the vignette were varied and the responses compared. The Afro-Caribbean case was regarded as that of an illness of shorter duration, and requiring less neuroleptics than the white case. Respondents judged the Afro-Caribbean case as potentially more violent and thought criminal proceedings were more appropriate. The female vignette was perceived as less violent, less criminal, and less likely to need neuroleptics. Cannabis psychosis and acute reactive psychosis tended to be diagnosed more often and schizophrenia less often in Afro-Caribbean cases, refuting the claim that psychiatrists tend to overdiagnose schizophrenia in this group. Such 'race thinking' (a form of stereotyping which is distinct from ideological racism) could lead to inappropriate management.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Comparative study of the data of fine-needle aspiration biopsy and echographic aspects of hepatic tumors as a function of the circumstances of discovery. Apropos of 206 patients].

This study was carried out in order to compare the accuracy of ultrasound and ultrasonically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy in screening for tumoral hepatic syndrome in 206 patients. According to their different clinical presentations, patients were divided into 4 groups: 1: Documented cancer, 2: Hepatic cirrhosis, 3: Fortuitous ultrasonic detection, 4: Clinical hepatic tumor. Cytologic findings were divided into 4 types: benign, primary malignant tumor, secondary malignant tumor (with or without etiologic orientation) non significant result. The ultrasonic and cytologic results were retrospectively compared to definitive diagnosis which was known in 199 patients. No early or delayed complications related to fine-needle aspiration biopsy were recorded. Ultrasonic imaging globally suggested the final diagnosis in 116 patients (diagnostic precision: 58.2 percent) while the cytologic result corresponded to final diagnosis in 183 patients (diagnostic precision: 92.5 percent). Improved results by fine-needle aspiration biopsy with regard to ultrasound was recorded in each group, particularly in group 3; its diagnostic sensitivity was 92 percent for malignant lesions with 100 percent specificity and an excellent value in discriminating between their primitive or secondary nature. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy gave an exact etiologic orientation in half of cases with metastasis and helped to discover the primitive tumor in some patients when this was not known previously. We conclude that fine-needle aspiration biopsy is a simple, moderately invasive and accurate procedure in the diagnosis of hepatic lesions. As ultrasound alone is not suggestive, especially in the case of a fortuitous ultrasonic detection, fine-needle aspiration biopsy improves diagnostic precision.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Torsion of normal adnexa in children].

Seven cases of torsion of normal uterine adnexa are reported in children aged 4 to 15 years. In one case diagnosis was made by ultrasonography, allowing conservative treatment under coelioscopy. In the 6 other cases the necrosis of the ovary required its excision. The torsion concerned the ovary and uterine tube in 6 cases and the uterine tube alone in one. In 2 cases, the apparently healthy contralateral ovary was enlarged. From this series, the authors review the clinical and ultrasonographic features of the torsion of normal uterine adnexa. Ultrasonography should be performed in emergency as the conservation of the ovary depends on the precocity of diagnosis and treatment.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1990

[New methods of electrophysiologic investigation in the diagnosis of brain death].

In the event of suspected brain death it is vital to arrive at a diagnosis as rapidly as possible and with the least chances of error. The paper examines the potentially and possible value of BAER recordings. Results are in line with those of other published studies which underline the value of this method, in spite of the fact it is limited by the possible presence of numerous factors which might invalidate recordings.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1990

[Comparative studies on the ingrowth behavior and the bone adhesion of various implant materials. An animal experiment].

Each of 36 mongrel dogs received implants of the following six materials: methyl methacrylate, carbon fibre composite, aluminium oxide-ceramic, titanium alloy, pure titanium and hydroxylapatite (HA). Test rods 7 mm in diameter were used to perform a push-out test, and discs with a diameter of 25 mm and a thickness of 5 mm were used for a plane traction test. The animals got a fluorochrome labelling and were harvested 8 weeks after operation. The results of the push-out test were a stability of 3.6 N/mm2 for HA and very low values for all the other materials, while the plane tension test showed a stability of 1.6 N/mm2 for the HA discs and values that were not even measurable for all the other materials. The interface of HA and the bone could not be separated by mechanical forces; usually the bone or the ceramic material fractured beneath the interface, so that the real stability of the interface must be rated very high. Light and fluorescence microscopy revealed a close bone connection for HA and only partial connections for the other materials. HA-coated materials may have a future in orthopaedics surgery.

Alloys↗
PubMed1990

[Primary adenocarcinoma of the ileostomy after total proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis].

A 61-year-old man developed primary adenocarcinoma with skin invasion, at the ileostomy site 33 years after a proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis. A total of eleven patients with ileostomy adenocarcinoma have been reported in the literature. Ten patients were treated surgically for ulcerative colitis and the other for adenomatous polyposis coli. The diagnosis of stomal malignancy was made 9 to 36 years after the ileostomy (mean interval, 22 years). The pathogenesis of the malignant growth is uncertain and several possibilities are discussed: stasis, severe chronic inflammation, colonic metaplasia and severe dysplasia of the ileal mucosa. When an ileostomy requires late revision for inflammatory changes, careful pathologic examination of the entire stoma and surrounding skin is essential.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Exclusion of linkage between D3S47 (C17) and ADRPII gene in two large families of moderate autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa: evidence for genetic heterogeneity.

Autosomal dominant forms of retinitis pigmentosa appear among the most frequent types of retinal degenerations. Two clinical subtypes have been recognized, namely the early onset, severe form (type I) and the late onset, moderate form (type II). A linkage between the D3S47 probe (C17) with the gene of the type I has been recently demonstrated by Humphries et al., 1989. Here, two families with type II of the disease have been tested for possible allelism at the D3S47 locus. A negative lod-score was found with this probe and a linkage with this region could be excluded. These results support the hypothesis of a genetic heterogeneity in autosomal dominant forms of retinitis pigmentosa.

Genes, Dominant↗