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Biomedical subjects

A D Rogol

Publications and source records attributed to A D Rogol.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of prolactin on dopamine synthesis in medial basal hypothalamus: evidence for a short loop feedback.

Several procedures were utilized to study the effects of prolactin on dopamine synthesis in the medial basal hypothalamus of the rat. Elevation of serum prolactin was produced by the administration of trifluoperazine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and resulted in a significant increase in the conversion of [3',5'-3H]tyrosine to dopamine when measured in slices of medial basal hypothalamus and striatum. Hypophysectomy abolished this effect of trifluoperazine in the medial basal hypothalamus but not in the striatum. In addition, the synthesis of dopamine was significantly elevated in slices of medial basal hypothalamus obtained from rats bearing pituitary tumor implants that secreted microgram quantities of prolactin. In contrast, the in vitro synthesis of dopamine in the striatum of such rats was increased by the secretory products in one tumor line but decreased in another compared to that observed in control animals. It is suggested that the ability of prolactin to accelerate the synthesis of dopamine in the medial basal hypothalamus might constitute a short loop feedback system that finely regulates prolactin secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone during infusion of epinephrine and propranolol in man.

Male volunteers were administered 100 microgram thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) intravenously during control (saline) and drug (epinephrine-propranolol) infusions. There were no differences in the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or prolactin responses to TRH during the epinephrine-propranolol infusion periods. There were no significant differences in growth hormone (GH) responses to epinephrine-propranolol infusions. Epinephrine-propranolol had no detectable effect on basal TSH, prolactin and GH concentrations. We conclude that the alpha-adrenergic system does not play any role at the pituitary level in modulating the effect of TRH-stimulated TSH or prolactin secretion in male volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Indirect immunofluorescent localization of prolactin to the cytoplasm of decidua and trophoblast cells in human placental membranes at term.

An indirect immunofluorescent technique was used to determine the localization of cytoplasmic human PRL (hPRL) in fresh and incubated human placental membranes at term. In both fresh and 8-h incubated samples of amnion, amniochorion decidua, or chorion decidua obtained from three placentas, we found specific reproducible localization of hPRL to the cytoplasm of decidua and trophoblast cells. The decidua cells appeared to be the most intensely fluorescent. No specific hPRL immunofluorescence was noted in the amniotic epithelium of fresh or incubated samples of amnion and amniochorion decidua. These data suggest that the trophoblast decidua cell layer is the site of PRL localization and possibly synthesis in placental membranes at term and may be the origin of amniotic fluid PRL in humans.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1978

The relationship of the bovine pituitary "diabetogenic peptide" to prolactin.

The bovine diabetogenic peptide (Louis) has been further purified by gel filtration. Material from the major protein peak was submitted to quantitative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. By the criteria of the joint 95 percent confidence envelope of KR and YO, related to molecular size and net charge, the diabetogenic peptide more closely resembles prolactin than growth hormone. By sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, bovine diabetogenic peptide has a molecular weight of 24.000 daltons, slightly greater than that for prolactin. Amino acid analysis has revealed remarkable similarity between the diabetogenic peptide and prolactin; particularly in the numbers of residues of 1/2 cystine, proline, histidine and phenylalanine. The amino terminal amino acid sequence is methionyl-phenylalanyl-phenylalanine. By the criteria of molecular size, quantitative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, amino acid composition and amino terminal sequence analysis, we consider the relationship between the diabetogenic peptide and prolactin.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1977

Fatal ECHO 24 infection in a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia: relationship to dermatomyositis-like syndrome.

Patients with deficient antibody-mediated immunity may develop a rare "dermatomyositis-like" syndrome, which is usually progressive and fatal. We have observed a child with hypogammaglobulinemia in whom a dermatomyositis-like syndrome was associated with a fatal, disseminated ECHO 24 infection. This association suggests that in some immunodeficient patients the fatal dermatomyositis-like syndrome is a manifestation of a viral infection in a compromised host. The use of maternal plasma, with a high titer of ECHO 24 neutralizing activity, was unsuccessful in arresting the progress of the infection.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1977

Characterization of growth hormone and prolactin produced by human pituitary in culture.

Fragments of a pituitary tumor from a patient with acromegaly were grown in tissue culture. The tumor secreted both growth hormone and prolactin,which were recovered in high concentrations. The nonpurified hormones were characterized and compared to their respective counterparts obtained by extraction from normal pituitaries obtained at autopsy. The tissue culture and pituitary extracted hormones were eluted from Sephadex G-100 with the same partition coefficients. Growth hormone from both sources showed parallel dose-response displacement curves, by logit-log transformation, in both specific immunoassay and in a specific lymphocyte binding assay. Prolactin from both sources was compared in specific immunoassay using three different antisera. Parallel logit-log displacement curves were seen with one antiserum, while the other two antisera yielded non-parallel curves, indicating structural differences between prolactin from the two sources. Quantitative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed using multiphasic buffer systems previously developed for characterization of each hormone. By the criteria of joint 95% confidence envelopes of retardation co-efficient and relative free mobility, tissue culture growth hormone and prolactin were indistinguishable from their pituitary-extracted counterparts. This study demonstrates that, prior to purification, tissue culture derived hormone can be characterized by multiple criteria and compared to a standard preparation. Structural differences can be detected, as in the case of prolactin. When the hormones are indistinguishable, as in the case of growth hormone, it becomes worthwhile to increase the scale of tissue cultured production, with the prospect that tissue culture may serve as a source of hormone for both experimental and therapeutic use.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

Congenital hypothyroidism in a young man with growth hormone, thyrotropin, and prolactin deficiencies.

A growth-retarded, mentally deficient, young man is described with diminished secretory response of growth hormone, thyrotropin, and prolactin to the pharmacologic stimuli of insulin, arginine, chlorpromazine, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Gonadotropin and ACTH functions were normal both basically and upon pharmacologic stimulation. Additionally, the patient was unresponsive to exogenous thyrotropin injections. These data suggest that the hypothyroidism in this patient was due to combined thyroid dysgenesis and pituitary insufficiency, i.e., primary and secondary hypothyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Charge properties of human pituitary and amniotic fluid prolactins.

The apparent isoelectric points (pI) in isoelectric focusing (IF) of human pituitary and amniotic fluid prolactin (hPRL), both non-iodinated and iodinated, were determined. Unresolved mixtures of pituitary hPRL isohormones E and F, and of at least five isohormones found in amniotic fluid, and plasma hPRL exhibit an average pI value of 6.5 - 6.7. Transient state pH values observed or previously reported for hPRL components range from pH 5.9 to 6.8 after correction to standard conditions. At pH 8.1, the major isohormone, hPRL-F, carriers a charge of 2.2 net protons per molecule. The net charge differences among isohormones E, F and G are compatible with acquisition or loss of single charged groups per 20,000 molecular weight. This net charge is similar to that of the least prolactin-bioactive major isohormone of human growth hormone (hGH-B), while the hGH with a bioactivity comparable to that of hPRL exhibits a net charge of 3.4 valence units. The "large" isohormones J and H increased net charges, by a factor of 2-3, in direct proportion to their size increments.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1975

Radioiodinated human pituitary and amniotic fluid prolactins with preserved molecular integrity;.

Human pituitary prolactin (hPRL) contains a single major component. Upon iodination by a lactoperoxidase procedure approximately 50% of this component remains ulaltered in molecular size and net charge by the criteria of quantitative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Aminiotic fluid hPRL contains two components which remained ulaltered after iodination by the lactoperoxidase procedure used. Unaltered iodinated products can also be obtained from both sources by a stoichiometric chloramine T procedure, but in vastly diminished yield.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1975

Response to LH-RH and clomiphene citrate in two women with the Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome.

Two women with the Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome are presented. The gonadotropin response to LH-RH administration was studied prior to, immediately following, and 6 months after a 6-week trial of clomiphene citrate, 200 mg per day for 21 days in divided doses, followed by 100 mg for 21 days in divided doses, followed by 100 mg per day for 14 days in divided doses, and followed by 50 mg per day in a single dose for an additional 14 days. During therapy, the basal gonadotropin and estradiol concentrations rose from prepubertal levels to those of mature women in midmenstrual cycle. However, 6 months after cessation of treatment, the basal gondadotropin and estradiol levels had returned to the prepubertal range. The initial response to LH-RH in the 2 patients differed in that one was clearly prepubertal and the other indistinguishable from the broad range of the adult normal response. The LY and FSH responses to LH-RH administration was greater after 6 weeks of clomiphene citrate therapy than they were either before (both patients) or 6 months after treatment (1 patient). We conclude that there is heterogeneity in the response to LH-RH administration in the Prader-Labhart-Willi Syndrome, just as there is in other syndromes of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. A normal adult response of gonadotropins to the administration of LH-RH was acheived during clomiphene citrate therapy.

Adult↗