Community-informed consent for HIV testing and a continuum of confidentiality.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A D Rader.
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AIDS is a multi-disciplinary problem, but also a multi-disciplinary opportunity, given the capacity of individuals, groups and organizations to integrate talents and resources. The impact of AIDS in east, southern and central Africa is discussed in general terms to answer the question. "Why integrate?" Ways in which integration is expressed are discussed, including integration within the definition of AIDS management, integration within programs, and between team members, between the community and the hospital, and from field programs to Ministries of Health, donor organizations and the World Health Organization. Issues in integration at the field level, including management models, the concept of teams, and consensus on major goals, are discussed, and comment is made on the key integrative theme of families and communities.
The first article in this issue of the Bulletin provides information on women and couples who were receiving retired-worker benefits in 1976. This article updates that information, focusing on potential full retired-worker benefits earned by men and women who will be reaching retirement age in the early 1980s. It is estimated that an increasing proportion of married women will become insured for benefits in their own right. Among female workers, the highest benefits are projected for those who never married. Divorced women show the next highest benefits, widowed woman are next, and then married women. Comparisons between men and women show little difference between the average benefits for those who never married; benefits for divorced women are projected to be about 80 percent of the benefits of divorced men; retired-worker benefits for married women are 58 percent as high as those for married men. This article also gives estimates of combined benefits for couples in which both husbands and wives will be insured workers. The highest average benefits are for couples in which the wife would be dually entitled; the lowest benefits are for couples in which the wife would receive only a spouse benefit.
This article examines and compares the survival rates of persons claiming retired-worker benefits at age 62 with those who did not. The study is based on a sample of Social Security insured workers who reached age 62 during the period 1962-72. The proportion of men dying in the initial years after age 62 was higher among those who claimed benefits at age 62 than among those who did not. The same pattern held for women but the difference was very small. To the extent that survival after age 62 can be taken as an indication of health status at age 62, these data suggest that the age-62 claimants were somewhat more likely than others to have had health problems. The difference in survival rates between the two groups, however, was not as great as the difference in the incidence of health problems reported in surveys. Past surveys have shown that men receiving early retirement benefits were twice as likely as other men to report health problems. According to this study, survival rates for men claiming benefits at age 62 were only 3-5 percentage points lower by age 68 than those for other insured men. Within any given age cohort, the difference between survival rates of age-62 claimants and other insured men widened over time. Survival rates improved across the age cohorts. Among the men, survival rates improved somewhat more for the age-62 claimants than for others.