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Biomedical subjects

A Csendes

Publications and source records attributed to A Csendes.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Manometric characteristics of the extrahepatic biliary tract in dogs.

Pressure measurements of the whole extrahepatic biliary tract were performed in dogs using constant perfusion techniques. Studies were done during general anesthesia and in conscious trained dogs. Gallbladder intraluminal fasting pressure was significantly lower than common bile duct pressure. No motor activity was demonstrated in the common bile duct. At the cysticocholedochal junction a static high-pressure zone was observed, probably due to mechanical factors. At the level of the choledochoduodenal junction, a high-pressure zone with a sphincter behavior was demonstrated, with a resting pressure of 38 cm H2O above intraduodenal pressure and with rhythmic contractions with a mean amplitude of 88 cm H2O above duodenal pressure. Duodenal motility was completely different from sphincter dynamics. No differences in pressure values were seen during general anesthesia or in conscious state.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Perimeter and location of the muscular gastroesophageal junction or 'cardia' in control subjects and in patients with reflux esophagitis or achalasia.

The location and perimeter of the true muscular gastroesophageal junction or cardia were determined during operation in 6 patients with achalasia, in 20 control subjects, and in 40 patients with reflux esophagitis. These two latter groups were submitted to highly selective vagotomy, owing to duodenal ulcer in the control subjects and as part of the surgical technique in reflux esophagitis patients. The careful dissection and isolation of the distal 5-6 cm of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction permitted us to measure the location and perimeter very precisely. There was a very close correlation between the distance incisors-beginning of gastroesophageal sphincter measured preoperatively and the distance incisors-cardia measured during surgery. The cardia could be clearly identified by external inspection corresponding to the limit between the longitudinal muscle layer of the esophagus and the serosal surface of the stomach. The perimeter of the cardia in the patients with reflux esophagitis was significantly larger than the perimeter of the control subjects (p less than 0.001). Intraoperative manometry demonstrated that the external limit of the cardia corresponded to the beginning of the gastroesophageal sphincter. Patients with achalasia had significantly smaller perimeter than controls or reflux esophagitis patients (p less than 0.001).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A prospective randomized study comparing forceful dilatation and esophagomyotomy in patients with achalasia of the esophagus.

A prospective and randomized study was performed comparing pneumatic forceful dilatation and surgical esophagomyotomy as primary treatment of patients with achalasia of the esophagus. Eighteen dilated and 20 operated patients were studied before and after treatment with 1 patient lost. Clinical, radiologic, and manometric evaluations were performed before and after treatment and acid reflux test in the late follow-up period. Immediately after treatment, a significant improvement was seen clinically, by radiologic studies and after manometric evaluation. In the late follow-up period, operated patients showed a permanent improvement in all of them, but dilated patients remained a symptomatic in about 50% of the cases. The rest had to be redilated or reoperated on due to a failure of primary dilatation leading to final good or excellent results in 60% and failure in 40% of patients. Acid reflux test showed a positive test in 31% of the operated patients and in 7% of the dilated patients. This controlled study suggests that surgical treatment of achalasia, used as primary treatment, is accompanied by significantly better long-term results compared with pneumatic dilatation according to the technique utilized by us.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Intraluminal gallbladder pressure measurements in patients with chronic or acute cholecystitis.

Gallbladder intraluminal pressures were determined during operation in 22 patients with chronic unobstructed cholecystitis and 25 patients with acute unobstructed cholecystitis by means of a glass manometer connected to a needle. Patients with chronic cholecystitis had a mean resting value of 9.9 +/- 0.9 cm H2O, and patients with acute cholecystitis had a mean fasting value of 36.0 +/- 1.8 cm H2O (p less than 0.001). The importance of these findings is discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Dose-response studies of acid secretion after administration of tetragastrin. Studies in duodenal ulcer patients before and after highly selective vagotomy, hemigastrectomy and truncal vagotomy plus antrectomy.

Dose-response studies to tetragastrin were performed in patients with duodenal ulcer before and after highly selective vagotomy, hemigastrectomy and truncal vagotomy plus antrectomy. The calculated maximal response and the dose necessary to elicit 50 percent of that response (D50) were calculated by linear transformation of the results. Both highly selective vagotomy and hemigastrectomy were followed by a significant decrease in the stimulated acid output, characterized by a decrease in the calculated maximal response, but no change in the sensitivity of the parietal cells (D50) was observed. This indicates a noncompetitive reduction in the acid output. The calculated maximal response could not be restored to preoperative values by increasing the dose of stimulant. Truncal vagotomy plus antrectomy was followed by severe alteration in gastric physiology, and no linear transformation of the acid output could be made. This investigation shows that maximal acid output was obtained by the same dose of stimulant before and after all three operations studied. Therefore it is not necessary to increase the dose in postvagotomy acid studies.

Adult↗