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Biomedical subjects

A Cortot

Publications and source records attributed to A Cortot.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Gastric emptying of lipids after ingestion of a solid-liquid meal in humans.

We measured gastric emptying of fat and water from a mixed meal in 6 healthy volunteers using a technique of duodenal perfusion that included phase-specific, nonabsorbable markers. Pairs of water-soluble markers (polyethylene glycol 4000 and phenolsulfonphthalein) and (equivalent) lipid-soluble ([14C]sucrose octaoleate and [3H]glycerol triether) markers were used. For each pair, one marker was used to label the corresponding component of the meal (water of fat), and the other was perfused into the duodenum as a recovery marker. The perfusion method was validated by comparing the amount of marker emptied, as estimated by marker dilution, with the amount obtained by complete aspiration of intestinal contents proximal to an occlusive balloon. Throughout the postprandial period, ratios of lipid marker to total fatty acids in the stomach remained constant, indicating a stable relationship of meal marker to total lipids. Water always emptied faster than did lipids, substantial amounts of which were still in the stomach after 6 h. There was close agreement between recovery of fat proximal to the balloon and calculations of lipid emptying from duodenal perfusion, supporting the validity of the marker dilution technique for the gastric emptying of lipids. This study demonstrates that when ingested as part of an ordinary mixed meal, water and fat have different patterns of emptying, water leaving the stomach first.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

H2-receptor antagonists in perspective.

Cimetidine, like its predecessors burinamide and metiamide, has been shown in vitro to be a specific competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. In vivo, it is a potent inhibitor of histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion in animals and man after both intravenous and oral administration. Doses sufficient to inhibit gastric secretions are without measureable effects on other physiologic systems. The main indication for cimetidine is in the treatment of duodenal ulcer and of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Useful indications are treatment of gastric ulcer and pnacreatic insufficiency. Possible indications are prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding and treatment of peptic esophagitis. The neutrophil toxicity seen with metiamide has so far not been demonstrated with cimetidine; side effects with cimetidine have generally been trivial. In the future, H2-receptor antagonists are likely to become key therapeutic agents in diseases in which gastric acid-pepsin secretion plays a pathogenetic role.

Cimetidine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laser treatment of rectosigmoidal tumors: long-term results].

Over a 10 year period, 530 patients were treated at the Lille Laser Center for a rectosigmoid tumour. Both argon and Nd:YAG lasers were used. Two hundred patients were treated for palliation of symptoms from a rectosigmoid cancer, 313 patients were treated for a rectosigmoid villous adenoma, and 17 patients with a familial polyposis were treated for the rectal polyposis remaining after total colectomy. The immediate success rate and complication rate were 88% and 2.7%, respectively, for patients with advanced cancer, 92% and 2% for those with a villous adenoma, and 100% and 0% for those with polyposis. Patients with an advanced cancer remained functionally improved during a 10.1 month average period after initial improvement. The recurrence rate after initial treatment for villous adenomas was 14% during a 3.1 year average follow-up. Immediate results were influenced by reason for treatment, initial symptoms and circumferential extension for patients with a cancer, and only by circumferential extension for patients with a villous adenoma. Long term results were influenced by reason for treatment and circumferential extension for patients with a cancer, and by reason for treatment, initial histology and localization for patients with a villous adenoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Is jaundice a cause of error in the interpretation of CA 19-9 blood levels?].

Serum CA 19-9 has been proposed as a tumour marker for pancreatic cancer (PC). However, false positive results are seen in sera of patients with benign jaundice. The CA 19-9 assay was performed by a solid state radioimmunoassay in 86 icteric patients (total bilirubin greater than 2 mg/dl). 24/86 had PC (12 men, 12 women, mean age 74 years) and 62/86 had benign jaundice (29 men, 33 women, mean age 56 years; cirrhosis: n = 20, angiocholitis: n = 21, hepatitis: n = 21). At a cut-off level of 60 U./ml, for detecting icteric PC, sensitivity was 83%, and specificity was 79%. At 120 U./ml, sensitivity was 79%, but specificity was increased to 92%. We conclude that 21% of patients with benign jaundice had a CA 19-9 level greater than 60 U./ml, and using a CA 19-9 level of 120 U./ml, the specificity of the test to detect icteric PC was increased, with little decrease in the sensitivity.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Familial Crohn's disease in multiple siblings: no linkage to the HLA system.

We report five families with 3 or more children having Crohn's disease. In one family, 6 out of 11 siblings were affected. HLA haplotype study in affected children showed that the probability of random segregation was only 38 percent, making improbable a linkage between the histocompatibility locus and the development of Crohn's disease. However similar clinical patterns in siblings could suggest a genetic factor not linked to the HLA system.

Adolescent↗