Biomedical subjects
A Cornet
Publications and source records attributed to A Cornet.
[The use of an enzymatic preparation called Alcalase 60 L].
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[Adjuvant chemotherapy following the surgical excision of colonic cancers].
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Characterization through X-ray diffraction of alloy powders for dental amalgams.
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Improvement of mechanical properties of Ti6A14V alloy by thermomechanical treatments for endoprosthesis application.
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[Gastroduodenal hemorrhagic complications of anticoagulants].
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Resting metabolic rate and cost of locomotion in long-term fasting emperor penguins.
During the Antarctic winter emperor penguins fast for up to 120 days when breeding at rookeries, which may be as much as 120 km from open water. Emperors have lost almost half of their body mass by the time they walk back to the sea to feed. Resting metabolic rate and metabolic rate during treadmill walking at 1.4 km times h-1 were measured regularly along the course of 63-118 days of fasting in four emperors that lost between 33 and 55% of their body mass. Resting metabolic rate decreased linearly with body mass throughout the fast; it was 76 and 50 W at 39 and 18 kg body mass, respectively, which therefore corresponds to a limited increase in the resting metabolic rate per unit of body mass. There was a considerable decrease in the metabolic rate for walking at 1.4 km times h-1, from 340 to 140 W at body masses of 39 and 18 kg, respectively; this decrease was linear with body mass but at a steeper rate below 23 kg. From 39 to 23 kg, the cost of walking per unit of body mass remained constant. Below 23 kg (a point where about 2.5 kg of fat remain), the increased efficiency for walking may be due to a change in the mechanics of locomotion.
[Sarcoidosis and portal and pulmonary arterial hypertension: a case report (author's transl)].
A 27-year-old patient, originally from Martinique, presented with a progressive hepatic granulomatosis with hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and non-icteric cholestasis, associated with bronchial granulomatosis lesions. The sarcoidosis regressed rapidly after high doses (60 mg/day) of prednisone. Portal hypertension developed later and provoked a severe hematemesis from rupture of esophageal varices. Signs of pulmonary arterial hypertension were then observed, and the diagnosis confirmed by pressure tests after catheterization, and angiography. A portocaval shunt caused the esophageal varices to subside, but the pulmonary arterial hypertension, resistant to corticotherapy, was rapidly fatal. In the case reported, the pulmonary arterial hypertension, independent of any parenchymatous lesion, was attributed to fibrosis of the arterial walls. The association of portal and pulmonary arterial hypertension with sarcoidosis is a very rare occurrence, and the pathogenesis of this association remains a debatable subject.
Fatigue - corrosion of endoprosthesis titanium alloys.
Commercial total hip prostheses often show certain metallurgical faults (porosities, coarse grains, growth dendrites, carbide networks). In order to investigate more accurately the role played by these different parameters in prostheses failure we performed a large number of systematic corrosion, fatigue and fatigue - corrosion tests on these materials and on commercial total hip prostheses. Ultimate strengthes seem to be reached for cast cobalt alloys, whereas titanium alloys, such as Ta 6 V, present very high fatigue limit under corrosion. Thus, rotative bending fatigue - corrosion tests in biological environment provide values about 50 DaN/mm2. This value, is nevertheless appreciably higher than those obtained with stellites and stainless steel. Titanium alloys, because of their mechanical performances, their weak Young's modulus (11000 DaN/mm2) and their relative lightness (4.5. g/cm3), which are associated with a good biocompatibility, seem very promising for permanent implants realisation.
Double antibody specificity of lymphoid cells isolated from normal human intestinal mucosa.
Lymphoid cells were isolated from normal human mucosal specimens. A certain fraction of these cells exhibited double antibody specificities at the levels of both light kappa and lambda chains and heavy mu and gamma chains. The variable frequency with which these cells were detected appears to be a characteristic of this population. They represent a very low proportion of the total number of cells isolated.
[Endoscopic polypectomy of the intact or operated colon. Comparative long term results].
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[Chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia (author's transl)].
The diagnosis of chronic gastritis can be made from the macroscopic lesions seen on endoscopy, and the severity of the changes noted in the mucosa after biopsy under direct vision. Gastric intubation can also be used to confirm the pathological results. If the atrophied mucosa shows highly differentiated diffuse intestinal metaplasia, the examinations should be repeated at regular intervals, as they could herald the onset of malignant changes. The authors discovered 312 cases of intestinal metaplasia in 4 920 patients who had been gastroscoped in the Digestive Endoscopy Center of François-Moutier. A total of 157 of them, were noted to have very highly differentiated diffuse lesions, and 54 of these cases had at least yearly repeat gastroscopies. A diagnosis of intrinsic cancer was made in four patients, and this was confirmed by taking serial sections of the specimens removed.
[Regressive dysautonomia associating orthostatic hypotension with an invariable pulse and choleriform diarrhea (author's transl)].
The authors describe a case of very severe orthostatic hypotension with an invariable pulse arising during the course of considerable motor diarrhea. The diagnosis of primary dysautonomia was made only after eliminating the many organic causes of diarrhea: microbial, toxic, tumoral endocrine including diabetes. Shy and Drager's syndrome was rejected because of the spontaneously regressive course after a period of 4 years, the patient having had no further signs of orthostatic hypotension.
[Immunocompetent cells of the digestive tract and cirrhosis. Clinical viewpoint].
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Red cell oxygen affinity in fetal sheep: role of 2,3-DPG and adult hemoglobin.
Studies were carried out during fetal life in sheep to determine the relationship of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG), the intracellular red cell and extracellular pH, and the switchover to adult hemoglobin synthesis in regulating the position of the fetal red cell oxygen-affinity curve in utero. Adult hemoglobin first appeared near 120 days of gestation. The mean oxygen tension at which hemoglobin is half saturated (P50) prior to 120 days of gestation remained constant at 13.9 +/- 0.3 (SD) Torr and then increased gradually as gestation continued, reaching 19 Torr at term. During the interval of fetal life studied, the level of DPG was 4.43 +/- 1.63 (SD) micromol/g Hb and the deltapH between plasma and red blood cells was 0.227 +/- 0.038 (SD); neither was affected by gestational age. The decrease in the red cell oxygen affinity after 120 days of gestation ocrrelated with the amount of adult hemoglobin present in the fetus (r = 0.78; P less than 0.001). This decrease can be attributed only to the amount of the adult-type hemoglobin present, and not to DPG, or to changes in the deltapH between plasma and red blood cells, because both remained stable during the last trimester.
[Polyglobulia as a manifestation of a primary of the liver].
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