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Biomedical subjects

A Colombi

Publications and source records attributed to A Colombi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Patients returning after transplantation].

Numerous reports have dealt with patient survival and prognostic factors after renal replacement therapy. However, few data exist for patients after a failed renal transplant and who start dialysis again. With this purpose, we retrospectively studied 36 patients who returned to dialysis after a mean transplantation time of 42.8 +/- 7.8 months. Actuarial patient survival on dialysis after the failed renal transplant (D2) was 78%, 74%, 69% and 41% at 1, 2, 3 and 5 years after restarting dialysis respectively. In comparison, survival of patients who started dialysis without a previous history of a renal transplant showed rates of 91%, 85%, 79% and 64% at 1, 2, 3 and 5 years respectively. The difference was statistically significant only at one year after beginning dialysis therapy (78% vs. 91%, p < 0.025). There were no differences in plasma urea concentration by the time of starting both first (D1) and second (D2) dialysis treatments (37.4 +/- 1.9 and 38.8 +/- 2.9 mmol/L respectively). Instead, a statistically significant difference was found between corresponding serum creatinine values (1100.1 +/- 47.1 and 856.9 +/- 50.0 mumol/L respectively, p < 0.05). When actuarial survival and serum creatinine values at the start of D2 were analyzed, there was a statistically better survival at 1 year for patients with serum creatinine values under 900 mumol/L, as compared with those above 900 mumol/L (85% vs. 52%, p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Inaccuracy quality control in the monitoring of trace metal concentrations in biological fluids.

Quality assurance in trace element analysis requires continual surveillance of the accuracy and precision of results. A review of difficulties encountered in performing quality control programs of trace metal analysis in biological fluids is presented. Examples to clarify the inadequacy of available biological reference materials for quality control in biological monitoring of environmental and occupational low level exposure to metals are reported.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1991

[Nutrition in kidney diseases].

Three dietary measures are useful for chronic progressive renal failure. In a hypertensive patient, salt restriction is a prerequisite for antihypertensive therapy. Protein restriction to 0.6 g/kg of body weight per day can slow down progression of renal disease with the exception of polycystic disease of the adult type. Ketosteril can be given for prevention of essential amino acid deficiency. A normalization of serum phosphorus is essential for slowing progression of disease as well as bone metabolism. Therefore, a diet reduced in phosphates, supported by phosphate binders is prescribed.

Amino Acids, Essential↗
PubMed1990

Immediate detection of postreconstructive ischaemia by intra-operative Doppler ankle pressure index monitoring during aortic reconstructions.

From March 1980 to February 1988, 368 aorto-iliac or aorto-femoral bilateral reconstructions were performed for aneurysmal or occlusive disease. In order to demonstrate early postreconstructive ischaemic complications, the intra-operative Doppler Ankle Pressure Index (API) was measured immediately before reconstruction (PRE), just after declamping (DEC) and 5, 15, 30 and 45 min thereafter. Each limb of the reconstruction (736) was considered individually and subdivided as follows: Group (A) 705 immediately successful (96% of limbs and 92% of patients); Group (B) 22 (3% of limbs and 5% of patients) in which, on the grounds of API data, an ischaemic complication was regarded as imminent and treated by graft revision or a peripheral thromboembolectomy (intra-operative corrections); Group (C) 9 (1% of limbs and 2% of patients) in which the diagnosis of ischaemic complications was made postoperatively when the patients underwent successful reoperation. All 736 reconstructions were patent and functional at discharge of the patient. By a retrospective analysis the intra-operative APIs were studied and the features (single or associated) suggesting an ischaemic complication examined. These were: (1) no flow at the time of declamping or its disappearance during the operation (10 cases, 1.25% of limbs) all detected and successfully corrected intra-operatively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ankle↗
PubMed1990

The effect of hemodialysis on omeprazole plasma concentrations in the anuric patient: a case report.

Omeprazole, a drug suppressing gastric acidity secretion was given intravenously at a dose of 40 mg/day to an anuric patient. Pharmacokinetics data indicate that without hemodialysis treatment, the dose can be reduced by 40% without any danger of loss of effectiveness. During hemodialysis however, the full dose must be given. Controlled long-term studies will be required to determine the exact dose for continued treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Partial lipodystrophy and intramembraneous glomerulonephritis].

The case is presented of a young woman with partial lipodystrophy and intramembranous glomerulonephritis. Light and electron microscopic changes in the kidney biopsy are described and discussed. With immunosuppressive therapy very slow progression of the renal insufficiency was observed. Finally, regular dialysis treatment was required to sustain life. The follow-up after detection of intramembranous glomerulonephritis lasted 8 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Electromyographical findings in human chronic Chagas' disease.

An electromyographical investigation of 80 patients with chronic Chagas' disease was made. It was found that 79% of the studied patients had EMG manifestations of old and chronic denervation of the upper and lower limbs without clinical features of nervous system involvement.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1978

[Bovine graft as arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis].

We used the bovine carotid artery (BCA) as arteriovenous shunt for hemodialysis in 11 patients since December 1975. We discuss our results. For implantations we used two methods: straight and loop grafts. The BCA have many advantages as: good access for punction, anticoagulation not permanently necessary, volume of shunt more than 250 ml/min; the disadvantages are: increased tendence to infection and thrombosis. Thrombosis in BCA can be easier removed than in other grafts. Reduction of the complications incidence is possible with an accurate technique. We think that the BCA is very useful when Cimino-Brescia fistula has failed or is unavailable; we prefer BCA to a saphenous arteriovenous graft in these situations.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Metabolism of quaternary carbon compounds: 2,2-dimethylheptane and tertbutylbenzene.

Two Achromobacter strains capable of utilizing 2,2-dimethylheptane or tertbutylbenzene as the sole carbon and energy source were isolated from waste-water. Pivalic acid was found in the cultures of Achromobacter A1 containing 2,2-dimethylheptane. From cultures of Achromobacter A2 in the presence of tertbutylbenzene, a diol was isolated and identified as 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxytertbutylbenzene. Evidence for meta cleavage of the aromatic ring and for accumulation of pivalic acid in the cultures was also obtained. A metabolic pathway for tertbutylbenzene is suggested.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMed1976

[Peritoneal dialysis, ultrafiltration and hyperosmolarity].

Observation of a patient who developed serious hypernatremia during peritoneal dialysis with a dialysis fluid containing 135 mval Na+/1 prompted investigation of net water, sodium, potassium and chloride transport during 45 peritoneal fluid exchanges with standard dialysis solutions containing 1.5 and 4.5 g% glucose. With both solutions and an equilibration time of 0 min, net ultrafiltration was observed (89 ml and 230 ml per exchange respectively). In both groups the calculated sodium concentration of the ultrafiltrate was considerably lower than plasma sodium concentrations (27.0 mval/1 and 36.9 mval/1 respectively, resulting in a new sieving coefficient of 0.20 and 0.27 respectively. Therefore, the free water deficit resulting from peritoneal ultrafiltration is directly responsible for the hypernatremia observed during peritoneal dislysis. While the potassium and chloride transport observed in these studies can be explained by diffusion processes along a given concentration gradient, sodium transport and sodium concentrations raise the question of more complex mechanisms. The data are discussed with reference to the relative significance of diffusion processes versus bulk flow and solvent drag.

Biological Transport↗