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Biomedical subjects

A Chadly

Publications and source records attributed to A Chadly.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Forensic medicine in Tunisia.

Tunisia is an Arab northern African country which counts 10 millions citizens. In Tunisia, there is a small number of forensic practitioners (20) distributed over four University and two regional Hospitals. Forensic activity is under the supervision of Tunisian Ministry of Public Health. The first forensic medicine department was set up in the Faculty of Medicine of Tunis (the capital) in the sixties, after which three other departments were founded in medical faculties and in their respective university hospitals (Sfax, Sousse and Monastir). These departments provide forensic medical education and research beside their daily practice. Forensic medical practice is divided in forensic pathology and clinical forensic medicine. In forensic pathology, we have to deal with violent or suspected deaths beside natural deaths. The clinical forensic medicine activity covers mainly forensic traumatology. Other fields of forensic sciences are in progress and ought to be developed all over the country. A forensic medical curriculum is provided in the four Tunisian Faculties of Medicine and in their University Hospitals. Nevertheless, the number of trainees remains small and could not currently satisfy the country needs.

Forensic Medicine↗
PubMed2004

Cardiac hydatid cyst rupture as cause of death.

Echinococcosis is a frequent parasitic human infection in sheep-farming areas. It is caused by the larval or the cyst stage of a tapeworm, mainly Echinococcus granulosis. Humans can be infected by ingesting tapeworm eggs, from which cysts will be developed mostly in the liver and the lung. Cardiac involvement of echinococcosis is rare and its clinical evolution is silent till the complication stage. A young adult died suddenly. The autopsy showed a ruptured hydatid cyst hollowed on the right side of the interventricular septum, protruding in the ventricle. The left pulmonary artery contained white-colored fragments of a membrane, similar to the one found in the right ventricle, associated to small vesicles. All these elements were obstructing this vessel, extending to small pulmonary arterial branches. Dissection of the other organs did not show other locations. Microscopic examinations ascertained the diagnosis of echinococcosis. Death was imputed to a right ventricular hydatid cyst rupture with pulmonary artery embolism.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2001

[Medical confidentiality from the clay tablet to the optic fiber].

Medical confidentiality is as old as medicine. Its protection has been variabe through ages. Hippocrate's Oath is considered to be the first reference to physician's duty to protect medical confidentiality. Arabic and Muslim medicine strengthened this obligation. Conflicts between community and patient's private interests led to derogations allowing medical record disclosing. Nowadays, protection of medical confidentiality is emphazised in charts and international codes related to patients rights.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed1998

Forensic medicine training in Tunisia.

Forensic medicine is a specialty new to Tunisia since local teams started working in this field only 3 decades ago. Forensic medicine departments are now established in university hospitals, associated with the four national faculties of medicine. Medical undergraduate education includes forensic medicine as part of the curriculum because of the current lack of forensic physicians and the need for practitioners with some training in this field. Specialization is achieved by a 4-year full-training residency, including both forensic pathology and medicine. The undergraduate and postgraduate education programmes are described.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

[Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system. Apropos of a case with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies, and review of the literature].

The authors report a new case of cerebral malignant rhabdoid tumour in an eight year old girl. The diagnosis was confirmed on immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations showing cytoplasmic perinuclear inclusions composed of whorled filaments of vimentin. Base on a review of six cases reported in the literature, they analyse the clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of this exceptional central nervous system neoplasm. Different histogenetic hypotheses are discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[Colloid cyst of the fourth ventricle. Apropos of a case].

We report a case of a 29 year old patient with a colloid cyst of the fourth ventricule. Colloid cysts or epithelial cysts are exceptional in this site. A common neuroepithelial origin with third ventricule cysts could be explained by similar embryological developments of the prosencephalic and the rhombencephalic roofs. The diagnosis can only be made by histological examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Suicidal stab wounds of the throat.

Suicide by stabbing one's throat remains very rare and very few cases have been reported in the forensic literature. In such cases, the important distinction is between suicide and homicide. The direction of stab wounds, their depth, site and number have particular importance in helping to recognize suicide. Suicide when attempted by transfixion of the neck in middle aged and elderly adults often reveals a definite resolution to kill oneself.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Fatal air embolism during female autoerotic practice.

Air embolism has been described in pregnant women and is a classic cause of death during attempted abortion by syringing. Death was caused by the introduction of an amount of air sufficient to cause a substantial air lock in the heart, pulmonary trunk or arteries. If the surface of the placenta has been stripped by the syringe, venous spaces are opened and air can pass into the circulation. Orogenital sex with vaginal insufflation can also cause air embolism during pregnancy. We report a case of air embolism in a 40-year-old non-pregnant woman subsequent to vaginal insertion of a foreign body (carrot) for an autoerotic purpose. The mechanism is roughly similar to syringing, the foreign body acting like a piston to displace a sufficient amount of air. In the present case, the endometrium stripping was probably due to the presence of an intrauterine device. As such risks may often be encountered and as, to our knowledge, no similar case has previously been reported, we may speculate if such air embolisms are underdiagnosed or dissimulated by the partners when questioned by the medical rescue teams.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Suicide by nitrous oxide poisoning.

Fatal nitrous oxide poisoning usually occurs accidentally during the administration of general anesthesia. It seldom occurs during autoerotic behavior or in acute drug abuse. We report an unusual case of a health professional who committed suicide by inhaling nitrous oxide.

Adult↗