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Biomedical subjects

A Cetin

Publications and source records attributed to A Cetin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Multifocal bone tuberculosis presenting as a breast mass: CT and MRI findings.

Chest wall involvement is an uncommon manifestation of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. We present computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings in a case with multifocal musculoskeletal tuberculosis presenting as a breast mass. These radiological modalities are not diagnostic without histopathological confirmation, but they are valuable guides to surgery in defining the extent of disease involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Effects of endothelin-1 and calcium channel blockers on contractions in human myometrium. A study on myometrial strips from normal and diabetic pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE: We studied the effect of endothelin (ET)-1 on spontaneous contractions and the effects of nimodipine and isradipine on ET-1-induced contractions in myometrial tissue from normal and diabetic pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN: We isolated myometrial strips from seven normal pregnant and seven gestational diabetic women undergoing elective cesarean section at term. Three sets of experimental studies were performed with three myometrial strips obtained from every woman and mounted in organ baths for recording of isometric tension. In the first set, the effect of increasing concentrations of ET-1 (10(-11)-10(-8) M) on spontaneous contractions was recorded. In the second and third sets, effects of increasing concentration of nimodipine (10(-6)-3.10(-5) M) and isradipine (10(-5)-3.10(-4) M), respectively, on contractions following pretreatment with 10(-8) M ET-1 were recorded. RESULTS: ET-1, beginning from 10(-9) M and 10(-10) M, significantly increased the amplitude of contractions in normal and diabetic strips, respectively. ET-1, beginning from 10(-9) M, also increased the frequency of contractions in normal and diabetic strips. The amplitude of contractions was significantly higher in diabetic strips as compared with normal strips at 10(-9) and 10(-8) M. There was no significant difference in the frequency of contractions between normal and diabetic strips. ET-1 at 10(-8) M also increased the basal tone of all normal and diabetic strips. Nimodipine, beginning from 10(-6) M and 3.10(-6) M, and isradipine, beginning from 10(-5) M and 3.10(-5) M, significantly decreased the amplitude of contractions in normal and diabetic strips, respectively. Nimodipine at 10(-5) M and 3.10(-5) M and isradipine at 3.10(-4) M significantly decreased the frequency of contractions in normal strips. Nimodipine, except at 3.10(-5) M, and isradipine did not significantly decrease the frequency of contractions in diabetic strips. CONCLUSION: Gestational diabetes increases ET-1-induced contractile response in human myometrium. The contractile effect of ET-1 in normal and diabetic myometrium is mediated partly by dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels since it is significantly reduced by nimodipine and isradipine. The promising data from this study warrant clinical studies on the definitive place of nimodipine and isradipine in the treatment of preterm labor, especially in a diabetic woman, to avoid metabolic complications of beta-mimetic tocolytics.

Calcium Channel Blockers↗
PubMed1998

Effects of nimodipine and isradipine on endothelin-1-induced contraction of pregnant rat myometrium.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of nimodipine and isradipine on endothelin-1-induced contractions of isolated pregnant rat myometrium. Endothelin-1 at 10(-10)-10(-8) M dose-dependently increased the amplitude and frequency of contractions and decreased the duration of contractions. Basal tone of myometrium was increased with the higher endothelin-1 concentrations (10(-9) and 10(-8) M). After pretreatment for 30 min with 10(-6) M nimodipine or 10(-5) M isradipine, amplitude and duration of endothelin-1-induced contractions were significantly decreased, but frequency of myometrial contractions increased markedly. However, neither agent abolished the stimulating effect of higher endothelin-1 concentrations (10(-9) and 10(-8) M) on the basal tone. Our study showed that phasic activity is inhibited by nimodipine and isradipine, whereas tonic activity is not inhibited. The contraction of myometrial strips isolated from the pregnant rat may be modulated by endothelin-1, and this effect is only partly modulated by dihydropyridine-type Ca2+ channels. The remaining resistance to nimodipine- and isradipine-induced inhibition may be explained by pregnancy-associated changes in the other electrophysiological and biochemical factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Changes in the nitric oxide system of rat myometrium during midgestation and delivery at term.

The aims of this study were to investigate whether a nitric oxide (NO) system is present in the pregnant rat myometrium and whether it differentially inhibits myometrial contractility during midgestation and delivery at term. Myometrial strips were obtained from eight rats at midgestation (day 16) and eight rats during delivery at term, and mounted in an organ bath for assessment of isometric tension. There were scarce spontaneous contractions with gradually increased amplitude that ceased after short periods at midgestation, whereas the frequency of spontaneous contractions increased and were regular, and the amplitude of contractions became stable and long lasting during delivery. Spontaneous and carbachol- induced contractions were decreased by L-arginine and increased by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) at midgestation and delivery, but much higher concentrations of L-arginine and L-NAME were required to obtain this effect at delivery. These results show: (1) that there is basal and carbachol-stimulated production of NO in pregnant rat myometrium; (2) that the L-arginine-NO system inhibits myometrial contractility; (3) that the effect of the L-arginine-NO system is elevated at midgestation and decreased during delivery; and (4) that the L-arginine-NO system may contribute to uterine quiescence during gestation and the initiation of labour at term.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Bone mineral density in children with juvenile chronic arthritis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density changes in patients with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) and to determine the most likely causes of osteoporosis in these patients. Eighteen (11 male, 7 female) patients suffering from JCA and 14 healthy controls (10 male, four female) were included in this study. The mean age of the patients and control groups were 11.0 +/- 3.2 and 10.9 +/- 2.9 years respectively. Disease activity was determined by clinical and laboratory evaluation and 'Articular Disease Severity Score' (ADSS). Bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck and lumbar spine was measured by dual photon absorptiometry. BMD of the patients at the lumbar spine was significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). This difference was more marked in patients treated with steroids. Femoral neck BMD was also lower in the patient group but this difference was not statistically significant. There was a negative correlation between ADSS and BMD at the spine. In conclusion, trabecular bone loss is characteristic for osteoporosis in JCA. Our results indicate that steroid treatment and disease severity are important factors in the development of osteoporosis in JCA.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1998

Laryngeal amyloidosis with laryngocele: MRI and CT.

A case of laryngeal amyloidosis associated with a laryngocele is reported. Preoperative CT showed diffuse thickening of the epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds and false vocal cords with well-defined calcific foci. MRI revealed contrast enhancement and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1998

Diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making with transvaginal sonography for first trimester spontaneous abortion, clinically thought to be incomplete or complete.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal sonography for first trimester spontaneous abortions, thought to be incomplete or complete, in patients with postabortion bleeding or uterine cramping within 5 days of abortion. In a prospective study, 78 patients underwent transvaginal sonography to evaluate the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the uterine cavity on the long axis view and echo pattern of the retained products of conception. Patients were divided into three groups: those with a normal uterine cavity or a uterine cavity with fluid collection without echogenic foci (n = 13, group A), those with a uterine cavity containing fluid mixed with solid components (n = 38, group B), and those with a uterine cavity containing solid components (n = 27, group C). Group A was considered not to have retained products of conception, and the latter two groups were considered to have retained products of conception. Patients in group A were assigned to receive conservative treatment. In groups B and C, patients with significant vaginal bleeding during 48 h of follow-up underwent elective curettage and those with minimal-mild bleeding received conservative management. A total of 73 patients (12 in group A, 35 in group B and 26 in group C) completed the study. There were no differences in any of selected reproductive data of the groups (p > 0.05). In group B, all patients with uterine cavity diameter of 10 mm or greater underwent elective curettage. In group C, all patients with a diameter of the uterine cavity 8 mm or greater underwent elective curettage. The overall complication and patient satisfaction rates were approximately 14% and 88%, respectively. Transvaginal sonographic findings can be used as a decision factor in the management of patients with first trimester spontaneous abortion to reduce the need for an elective curettage by approximately 58%.

Abortion, Incomplete↗
PubMed1998

Placental teratoma. A case report.

We present a rare case of a placental teratoma found within the fetal membranes of an otherwise normal placenta. Lack of a recognizable umbilical cord and no recognizable skeletal development are used as differential diagnostic criteria for a placental teratoma. In our case, an umbilical cord was absent; nevertheless, the tumor contained two vascular channels covered only by fetal membranes without Wharton's jelly.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1998

The significance of amniotic fluid interleukin-6 levels in preterm labour.

This study was performed to determine the prevalence of subclinical intraamniotic infection in patients with preterm labour and intact membranes, and to evaluate the significance of interleukin-6 levels for diagnosis and prognosis of tocolysis failure, amniocentesis-delivery interval and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Transabdominal amniocentesis was performed on 74 randomly-selected patients with preterm labour and intact membranes. The prevalence of amniotic fluid infection in this group was found to be 33.7% (25 of 74). The most sensitive test to identify the intraamniotic infection was found to be the measurement of interleukin-6 level. However the most specific test was confirmed to be Gram staining. Interleukin-6 level measurement was the best test to correlate with positive amniotic fluid culture and histological chorioamnionitis. Also, interleukin-6 level measurement had the advantage of predicting preterm delivery risk and neonatal complications compared to the other tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Inhibitory effects of isradipine on spontaneous and oxytocin- and carbachol-stimulated contractions of rat myometrium.

Our aim was to investigate the effect of isradipine, a second-generation calcium channel blocker, on spontaneous and oxytocin- and carbachol-stimulated contractions of myometrium isolated from nonpregnant and pregnant rats. Amplitude, frequency, duration and integrated area of spontaneous and oxytocin- and carbachol-stimulated contractions of nonpregnant and pregnant rat myometrium were compared before and after the treatment with isradipine (10(-6) to 10(-4) mol/l). Isradipine inhibited contractions of myometrial strips isolated from nonpregnant and pregnant rats in a concentration-dependent manner, with a significant effect on the amplitude (10(-5) to 10(-4) mol/l) and integrated area (3 x 10(-6) to 10(-4) mol/l) of spontaneous and oxytocin- and carbachol-stimulated contractions. Isradipine induced similar concentration-dependent effects on the frequency and duration of spontaneous and carbachol-stimulated contractions at higher concentrations (3 x 10(-5) to 10(-4) mol/l) but had no effect on frequency and duration of oxytocin-stimulated contractions. Isradipine appears to be an effective relaxant in rat myometrium. This effect of isradipine may become therapeutically advantageous in clinical application for preterm labor.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effect of endothelin-1 on spontaneous contractions and effects of nimodipine and isradipine on endothelin-1-induced contractions in myometrial strips isolated from normal pregnant and preeclamptic women.

BACKGROUND: To examine the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on spontaneous contractile activity and the effects of nimodipine and isradipine on ET-1-induced contractile responses in myometrial strips isolated from normal pregnant and preeclamptic women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: . Isolated myometrial strips were obtained from seven normal pregnant and seven preeclamptic women undergoing elective cesarean section and the strips were mounted in organ baths for recording of isometric tension. The effect of increasing concentration of ET-1 on spontaneous contractions and effects of increasing concentration of nimodipine and isradipine on ET-1-induced contractions were recorded. RESULTS: ET-1 dose-dependently (10(-11)-10(-8) M) increased the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions in all myometrial strips obtained from normal pregnant and preeclamptic women. The increase in the amplitude of contractions in preeclamptic strips was significantly higher than that of normal strips. The increase in amplitude of contractions in normal and preeclamptic strips reached statistical significance beginning from the concentrations of 10(-9) M and 10(-11) M, respectively. ET-1 (10(-8) M) also increased the basal tone of all myometrial strips isolated from normal pregnant and preeclamptic women. When ET-1 (10(-8) M)-contracted myoinetrial strips were exposed to increasing concentrations of nimodipine (10(-6)-3x10(-5)M) and isradipine (10(-5)-3x10(-4) M), nimodipine and isradipine dose-dependently decreased the amplitude and frequency of contractions. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in contractile response with ET-1 was significantly higher in myometrial strips isolated from preeclamptic women compared to those of myometrial strips isolated from normal pregnant women. These increases in contractile response are at least in part mediated by dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels, since they were significantly reduced in the presence of increasing concentrations of nimodipine and isradipine.

Calcium Channel Blockers↗
PubMed1997

Effect of deep injections of local anesthetics and basal dilatation of cervix in management of pain during legal abortions. A randomized, controlled study.

The present study was designed to investigate whether deep injections of local anesthetics provide better pain control than regular injections of local anesthetics, and to evaluate the influence of basal cervical dilatation and dilatation increase obtained on the painfulness of abortion procedure during legal abortions. A total of 66 women undergoing legal abortion were randomly allocated to treatment with deep injection (n = 31) or regular injection (n = 35) group. Subjects in the deep injection group had paracervical block involving four injections approximately 3 cm deep. Subjects assigned to the regular injection group had paracervical block involving four injections approximately 1.5 cm deep. A pain scale was administered at the end of the dilatation and end of curettage. Both groups were found to be similar with respect to age, parity, previous legal abortion, gestational age, anxiety score, procedure time, basal cervical dilatation, and dilatation increase obtained. The mean pain score during cervical dilatation was less for the deep injection versus the regular injection group (3.3 +/- 1.5 versus 4.0 +/- 1.6, p < 0.05). The mean pain score during curettage was significantly less for the deep injection versus the regular injection group (3.0 +/- 1.2 versus 3.9 +/- 1.4, p < 0.05). In conclusion, deep injection of local anesthetics is a safe adjunct in the management of legal abortion. Irrespective of injection technique, dilatation pain is correlated negatively with basal cervical dilatation and correlated positively with dilatation increase obtained.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1997

Time-dependent gestational diabetes screening values.

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine use of different cut-off values with regard to the time of the patient's last meal in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus which could result in better results and change patient management. METHODS: Two hundred and seventy-four non-diabetic women undergoing routine screening for glucose intolerance between 26 to 28 weeks' gestation were classified with regard to the time of previous meal. A glucose challenge test and an oral glucose challenge test were conducted for each patient in the study. Results were evaluated with both a standard cut-off value of 140 mg/dl without regard to the time of the last meal and suggested cut-off values of 148 mg/dl, 142 mg/dl, and 150 mg/dl if the patient ate < 2 h, 2-3 h, and > 3 h before the screening test, respectively. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-four women completed the study. With these suggested cut-off values, the number of patients with a positive glucose challenge test dropped from 15.7% to 11.3%. With these cut-off values, positive predictive value increased from 27.3% to 32.3%. CONCLUSIONS: The time since previous meal affects 50 g glucose challenge test results. These new cut-off values would lead to improved efficiency of the screening test and decreased frequency with which patients require the 3-h oral glucose tolerance test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Cervicovaginal washing prolactin assay in prediction of preterm delivery.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the utility of cervicovaginal washing prolactin assay in prediction of preterm birth in women without rupture of membranes. METHODS: Sixty-six women with normal singleton pregnancy were submitted to cervicovaginal washing and serum prolactin assays. The latency period to delivery and gestational age at admission and at delivery were also recorded. According to uterine contractions and obstetrical history regarding the previous preterm delivery, the pregnant women were divided into 4 groups: 18 symptomatic (group 1) and 15 asymptomatic (group 2) pregnancies who had previously had preterm delivery, and 18 symptomatic (group 3) and 15 asymptomatic (group 4) pregnancies without a history of prior preterm delivery were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: The cervicovaginal washing prolactin concentrations were significantly higher in groups 1 and 3 than in group 4 (P < 0.0083). With respect to the latency period to delivery and the birth weeks, groups 2 and 4 were significantly higher than groups 1 and 3 (F < 0.0001). In the evaluation of the whole group, a significant negative correlation was observed both between cervicovaginal washing prolactin concentrations and the lapsed times to delivery, and the gestational ages at delivery. The finding of a cervicovaginal washing prolactin value exceeding 50 ng/ml in the 12 days preceding preterm delivery had sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 65%, 95%, 86%, and 81%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A cervicovaginal washing prolactin value more than 50 ng/ml precedes preterm delivery within 12 days at > 29 weeks. The easy application, the good feasibility, the success in identifying pregnancies at risk for preterm labor, and the cost effectiveness suggests cervicovaginal washing prolactin assay as a biochemical marker for preterm delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Superficial wound disruption after cesarean delivery: effect of the depth and closure of subcutaneous tissue.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the depth of subcutaneous tissue at the operative site and the closure of subcutaneous tissue on abdominal wound disruption after cesarean delivery. METHODS: 164 women divided into two groups: 70 with subcutaneous tissue thickness of at least 2 cm and 94 with subcutaneous tissue thickness more than 2 cm. These groups were randomized to closure of the subcutaneous fat tissue or no closure with cesarean delivery. RESULTS: In the 68 women with subcutaneous tissue thickness of at least 2 cm who completed the study, there was no difference between closure and no closure subgroups in terms of incidence of wound disruption. In 91 women with subcutaneous tissue thickness more than 2 cm who completed the study, the incidence of wound disruption was significantly higher in the no closure subgroup. In the no closure subgroup of 91 women with subcutaneous fat thickness more than 2 cm, the incidence of wound disruption was significantly higher than that of the 68 women with subcutaneous tissue thickness at least 2 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Subcutaneous tissue approximation with absorbable suture at closure of the abdominal incision during cesarean delivery appears to reduce the rate of postoperative wound disruption in patients with more than 2 cm of subcutaneous tissue.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1997

Estrogen dermatitis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the estrogen dermatitis of women who have chronic skin disorders with exacerbations or premenstrual dermatitis in a cyclic pattern. Twenty-three women exhibiting skin disorders of pruritus, urticaria, eczema, papulovesicular eruption, hirsutism-acne with hyperpigmentation (hirsutism and/or its related disorders such as acne) and 18 healthy control subjects were included in the study. Sensitivity to estrogen was described in 14 of 23 women. Of the 14 estrogen sensitive women, nine had a premenstrual flare of their skin lesions and five had a chronic dermatitis with exacerbations. In the evaluation of endocrine profile, mean serum testosterone and LH levels of the patient group were significantly higher than controls (2.814 +/- 0.839 vs. 1.561 +/- 0.645 nm/l, P < 0.001; 10.843 +/- 2.538 vs. 4.539 +/- 1.215 IU/l, P < 0.0001). The LH/FSH ratio of the patient group was also significantly higher than controls (1.765 +/- 0.329 vs. 0.810 +/- 0.0116, P < 0.0001). Mean serum progesterone level of the patient group was significantly lower than the control group (0.499 +/- 0.201 vs. 0.977 +/- 0.396 ng/ml, P < 0.001). Hyperandrogenism and anovulation were the two more common outcomes in the patient group. Skin lesions of estrogen sensitive women were all cured with the administration of tamoxifen 20 mg daily for 7 days premenstrually.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1997

The role of transvaginal sonography in predicting recurrent preterm labour in patients with intact membranes.

Our purpose was to determine whether funnelling of the cervical internal os, length of the endocervical canal, cervical index, funnel length and funnel width determined by transvaginal sonography are predictive of recurrent preterm labour. Of 112 women, 65 admitted to the hospital for preterm labour with intact membranes had transvaginal sonographic evaluation of the cervix before digital cervical examination and institution of tocolysis. The following measurements were obtained: (1) presence of funnelling, (2) endocervical canal length, (3) cervical index, (4) funnel length and (5) funnel width. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the variables that made a significant contribution to the prediction of recurrent preterm labour. A total of 65 eligible women completed the study. Recurrent preterm labour was significantly associated with the presence of funnelling (85.2% vs. 23.3%) and short endocervical canal length, large cervical index and long funnel length as noted on transvaginal cervical sonography. The presence of funnelling, shorter endocervical canal length, larger cervical index and longer funnel length were suggestive of true preterm labour and its recurrence. Transvaginal sonographic examination of the uterine cervix is a useful procedure to predict recurrent preterm labour with intact membranes.

Cervix Uteri↗