Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Cavallaro.
A case of adult type polycystic liver disease in a child is reported. The entire right hepatic lobe was involved whereas the left lobe was normal. Spleen, kidneys and pancreas did not show cystic alterations. Diagnostic examinations and histologic findings are illustrated. The patient underwent right hepatectomy. The adult and childhood types of congenital polycystic liver disease are discussed.
The Authors describe a case of arteritis of the lower limbs in a woman, in which the clinico-angiographical features were suggestive for Buerger's disease, and this was confirmed by histological examination of the left posterior tibial artery. A bilateral lumbar sympathectomy was effective at least in slowing the course of the disease.
Real-time B-mode ultrasonography was used to study in vivo the behavior of bifurcated aortic grafts (Dacron knitted) implanted over a period of 1 to 88 months previously in 67 patients, 28 of whom (42 per cent) were hypertensive. Most grafts showed an increase in size, when compared with the original one, which appeared to be closely related to arterial pressure (P less than 0.05). This increase was not dependent on the time elapsed from implant.
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Five cases (3M, 2F) of ureteral transitional cell carcinoma are reported. they have been observed in the last two years in a general surgical service. All the patients have been treated surgically. Gross hematuria was present in all the patients. Three cases had multicentric tumor sites. Three tumors were located in the distal ureter. Four cases showed a non functioning kidney at IVP. In two, because of obstruction, retrograde pyelography was unsuccessful. Ultrasound was able to demonstrate hydronephrosis. In the two cases submitted to angio-CT the spread of the tumor was correctly diagnosed. Frequency, etiology, clinical, diagnostic findings and surgical therapy as well have all been taken into account, based on the literature. Histopathologic aspects, grade and stage, are considered too. The authors emphasize the necessity to find and understand the cause of an unexplained hematuria, since ureteral carcinoma is not as rare as previously thought. Being grade and stage closely related to prognosis, the diagnostic delay must be reduced.
A case of bilateral renal vein thrombosis with involvement of the vena cava in a nephrotic patient, treated by thrombectomy and anticoagulation, is reported. A iatrogenic lesion of the right renal vein during thrombectomy forced to perform a nephrectomy; the patient died four months later from renal failure. The rationale for the different treatments of renal vein thrombosis, as a complication of the nephrotic syndrome, is shortly discussed.
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Bismuth levels in blood and brain of rats have been measured following acute or subchronic administration of tri-potassium-dicitrato bismuthate (TDB) by intraperitoneal injection or by gavage. After parenteral administration, the presence of bismuth in blood was associated with appreciable bismuth concentrations in brain of treated animals (approximately equal to 10-30% of blood levels). In contrast, following oral treatment, no bismuth was detected in brain of animals, even at doses of TDB able to produce blood bismuth concentrations comparable with those obtained after intraperitoneal administration. The formation of different bismuth species in blood of treated animals depending upon the route of administration of TDB is suggested.
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A case of chondromatous hamartoma of the lung, with a double localization (right upper and middle lobes observed in a 62-year old man and treated by bilobectomy is presented. A short review of the pertinent literature is also reported.
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Between 1971 and 1982, 162 patients underwent surgical treatment for carcinoma of the large intestine; follow-up data was available for 94 per cent of the patients. Tumor stage distribution was homogeneous and did not differ significantly with increasing duration of symptoms. The duration of symptoms was not determinant of survival, whereas stage influenced survival. These results show that patients with carcinoma of the large intestine with a short symptomatic period do not have either less advanced tumors or better survival prospects.
The antitumoral activity of some octahedral platinum(IV) and square-planar platinum(II) derivatives against Yoshida ascites tumor in the rat is reported. It is shown that only those octahedral platinum(IV) complexes which give active reduction products are active. These results support the hypothesis that the antitumor activity of octahedral complexes involves activation by in vivo reduction. Anticancer drugs functioning by this mechanism may be preferentially toxic to or may localize in hypoxic areas of tumors.
A new technique of transcatheter wiring of unresectable aortic aneurysm is described that provides simultaneous transcatheter occlusion of both common iliac arteries followed by axillofemoral bypass. The spring coil used for aortic aneurysm wiring was of our own making. The outer portion of a movable core stainless steel guidewire was bent in a coil shape and introduced into the aneurysm through a 7 French Teflon catheter via the right femoral artery. The same catheter was also used for coil embolus occlusion of both iliac arteries.
Doppler instruments are widely used in the diagnosis of vascular diseases: however, the physician generally makes the diagnosis from personal experience, and by subjective evaluation of some quantities related to blood flow (e.g., maximum or mean frequency envelope, or zero-crossing density). In order to obtain more objective criteria, methods based on either spectrum analysis, or on Laplace or other orthogonal transforms have been proposed. An alternative approach to the diagnosis of vascular alterations is proposed, which relies on the modelling of flow signals by means of autoregressive time series. The parameters of the autoregressive model have been used for the detection of alterations. The basis of the method is discussed and some preliminary results are reported.
A case of renovascular hypertension with bilateral renal artery involvement is reported: the combination of surgery and interventional radiology may allow achievement of satisfactory results even in cases difficult to diagnose and to handle; some pitfalls related to the delay in diagnosis and to inadequate control during follow-up are emphasized.
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