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Biomedical subjects

A Castillo

Publications and source records attributed to A Castillo.

161 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
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[Vascular hemichorea: clinical-radiological correlation].

INTRODUCTION: Hemichorea is uncommon in acute cerebrovascular accidents. Its appearance is in relation to the contralateral involvement of the basal ganglia, particularly the striate ganglion. With current neuroimaging techniques it is possible to identify the lesions responsible for these abnormal movements. Magnetic resonance (MR) is the technique of choice for detection of small sized lesions. OBJECTIVE: We have analysed our series of patients to try to relate the site of the lesion to the appearance of chorea. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We made a retrospective study of the cases of hemichorea of vascular origin admitted between January 1993 and April 1999. In all cases, cerebral CAT and/or MR had been done to find the site of the lesion. RESULTS: A total of 10 patients with an average age of 72.5 years (range: 55-85) was found. In eight of them (80%) lesions were found in the basal ganglia, half of which were of ischemic type and the other half hemorrhagic. The sites were: caudate nucleus in one case (10%), thalamus in two cases (20%) and capsulo-lenticular lesions in five cases (50%). All lesions were contralateral to the side of the body affected except in one case with a left thalamic haematoma and homolateral hemichorea. CONCLUSIONS: The lesions found were very varied in site. In 20% of the cases they were not detected by conventional neuroimaging techniques. This fact supports the concept of a functional global network of the basal ganglia which may be interrupted at several points and lead to the same clinical findings.

Aged↗
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Antibacterial activity of glass-ionomer restorative cements exposed to cavity-producing microorganisms.

The antibacterial activity of the glass-ionomer restorative cements Ketac-Fil, Ketac-Silver, Fuji II LC, and Vitremer was studied in vitro, in conjunction with a total of 32 strains of five bacterial genera that may be associated with dental caries: Streptococcus spp, Lactobacillus spp, Actinomyces spp, Porphyromonas spp, and Clostridium spp. Agar plate diffusion was the method used for the bacterial cultures, which included a chlorhexidine control. All four glass-ionomer cements were found to inhibit bacterial growth, though with noteworthy differences in their spheres of action. Vitremer was the cement determined to have the greatest antibacterial effects, whereas Ketac-Silver presented the least inhibitory action.

Actinomyces↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibacterial activity of resin adhesives, glass ionomer and resin-modified glass ionomer cements and a compomer in contact with dentin caries samples.

A total of 103 clinical samples of carious dentin were used to study the antibacterial action of different dental resin adhesive materials (Gluma 2000, Syntac, Prisma Universal Bond 3, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose and Prime&Bond 2.0) glass ionomer cements (Ketac-Cem, Ketac-Bond, Ketac-Silver, Ketac-Fil) resin-modified glass ionomer cements (Fuji II LC, Vitremer and Vitrebond) and a compomer (Dyract). The agar plate diffusion method was used for the microbial cultures and a chlorhexidine control. The growth of the caries-producing microorganisms was effectively inhibited by the Vitremer and Vitrebond cements, and to a lesser extent by the Scotchbond Multi-Purpose adhesive system. Overall, there were statistically significant differences in the antibacterial activity of the products tested.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
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[Not Available].

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Demography↗
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[Treatment of amebic hepatic abscess with tinidazole].

The patients reviewed in this study are thirty individuals with acute amoebic hepatic abscess. They were given tinidazol, two grams a day in one dose, for three days, with the object of ascertaining if this would be adequate treatment and without important side effects. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by X-rays of the thoraz and abdomen, laboratory studies and liver scans. This latter as well as the laboratory tests were repeated at 10 and 20 days. Several of the patients were considered to be gravely ill. In 43% of the patients there was hepatomegaly grade II or II, in 30% there was jaundice, in 64% the abscess was very large and in 30% there were several abscesses. In keeping with the guide lines previously agreed on, 28 patients were cured, or that is 93%. There were no important side effects.

Acute Disease↗
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[Encephalitis caused by Rickettsia conorii without exanthema].

INTRODUCTION: Mediterranean boutonneuse fever, caused by Rickettsia conorii, is an endemic disease in the Mediterranean area. The serious forms of the disease, which include encephalitis, are infrequent but are associated with a high mortality rate. Diagnostic suspicion is backed up by the development of exanthema. We report the case of a patient who developed encephalitis caused by Rickettsia conorii without exanthema. Clinical case. A 27 year old woman who had nauseas, headache, fever, abdominal upset and generalised pain during the days before being admitted to hospital. On the day she was admitted, she noticed reduced strength in the left limbs, together with numbness and pins and needles in the left side of the body. In the casualty department she presented tonic seizures in the left extremities and later generalised tonic clonic seizures. Exploration showed facial paresis and 4/5 hemiparesis on the left side. Complementary tests carried out in casualty, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), did not reveal any significant findings. She was admitted after a loading dose of phenytoin. After 48 hours she presented fever and repeated complex partial seizures. A new CSF analysis was normal. She was treated with valproate, clonazepam, ceftriaxone, doxycycline and acyclovir. An electroencephalogram (EEG) showed theta activity in the left centroparietal areas and slow delta waves in the right temporal regions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed contrast enhancement in the meninges. 24 later, due to the frequency of the seizures, phenobarbital and methylprednisolone were added, which enabled the seizures to be controlled. The posterior brain MRI revealed a right parasylvian lesion. Serological Rickettsia conorii IgM +, IgG 1/256 was administered. After eight months, she has presented no seizures or neurological deficit. CONCLUSIONS: There are cases of encephalitis from Rickettsia conorii that can present without exanthema. This means that in endemic areas early treatment with doxycycline could be advisable when faced with encephalitis of unknown aetiology, bearing in mind the high mortality rate that occurs when no early treatment is administered and the good tolerance to doxycycline.

Acyclovir↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Respiratory arrest after 0.75% bupivacaine retrobulbar block.

Respiratory arrest is an uncommon complication of retrobulbar anesthesia. We present a case in which it occurred following a 0.75% bupivacaine and 2% lidocaine retrobulbar block and analyze the possible causes. We conclude that the most important of these were the relatively high concentration and volume of the anesthetic and a faulty technique.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of a double-lumen tube with intermittent positive ventilation in a case of distal tracheal laceration].

We discuss the management of anesthesia in a patient brought to hospital following a traffic accident in which she suffered distal laceration of the trachea and unstable vertebral fracture that met surgical criteria. Our main objectives were to avoid placing positive pressure on the damaged trachea and to extubate immediately after surgery. Using a left double-lumen endotracheal tube guided by flexible bronchoscope, we administered general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation and positive pressure, with no air leakage through the damaged area. Anesthesia was maintained by continuous perfusion of propofol, allowing good hemodynamic stability and rapid extubation. We conclude that this will be a useful procedure in similar cases when no other form of mechanical ventilation is available.

Adult↗
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[Observations on oviposition, hatching and the life span of Triatoma matogrossensis Leite & Barbosa, 1953 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) as a function of their feeding on pigeons and rabbits].

A laboratory study was carried out concerning the influence of two kinds of blood-meal on egg laying, egg hatching and life span of Triatoma matogrossensis. 68 couples in 4 different groups with 20, 12, 20 and 16 individuals of each sex per group were formed. Maintained under laboratory conditions groups A1 and A2 were fed on pigeons and groups C1 and C2 were fed on rabbits. In relation to egg laying the best results were found in group A1. No differences on egg hatching were found between the groups fed on rabbits and those fed on pigeons. Concerning the life span, no differences between males and females in the 4 groups were observed but group A1 presented the longest life span and group C2 the shortest.

Animals↗