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Biomedical subjects

A Casey

Publications and source records attributed to A Casey.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Utility of an on-line computer system in a clinical setting for nutrient intake analyses.

The present report describes a four-week trial at the Victoria General Hospital, Halifax, to determine the effect of access to a computer system on nutrient intake analyses, the problems in implementation of the system, and the response of the staff dietitians. An on-line system was obtained from the Ohio State University Hospitals and modified to reflect Canadian food and nutrient content, and to include some additional program features. Twelve hundred and eighty-six foods were characterized according to 15 food components, the system was responsive to nine interactive commands, and there were nine possible print-out formats of calculations. The results of the trial reinforced the expectation of greatly increased work efficiency, however, the system was not utilized to its potential. Some technical problems were largely overcome within the first week of operation. However, needs relating to the extensiveness of the food and nutrient data base, and the methodologies and time for obtaining and evaluating individual dietary intake information prevented maximum efficiency. The dietitians liked the comprehensiveness and detail of the system, however, routine dietary intake collections were too time-consuming for their present work schedules.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Dose-time relationships for skin reactions and structural damage in rat feet exposed to 250-kVp x rays.

The effects of fractionated irradiation on the feet of rats were the subjects of a time-dose study. The doses required to produce various levels of early skin damage, late skin damage, and late structural damage were determined for single doses and for treatments employing three fractions per week and lasting up to 50 days. The data did not follow the relationship first proposed by strandqvist, in which dose is proportional to time-n; rather, when the normal-tissue reactions were plotted on a linear-coordinate graph, they formed parallel time-dose isoeffect curves with distinct positive curvatures.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Coenzyme Q deficiency in mice following infection with Friend leukemia virus.

The specific activities of the succinate dehydrogenase-coenzyme Q reductase were assayed on mitochondrial preparations of this enzyme from spleen, liver, blood and peritoneal macrophages of mice infected with Friend leukemia virus, and of control mice. Significant increases in the deficiency of coenzyme Q-enzyme activity were found in the spleen and blood of infected animals as the infection progressed. No significant deficiency was observed in the liver or the peritoneal macrophages. The development of the deficiency and splenomegaly during infection seemingly correlate with previous data which showed that administration of coenzyme Q resulted in a reversal of splenomegaly and a reduction in mortality. A limiting factor in the resistance of mice to Friend leukemia virus appears to be the availability of coenzyme Q.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Implementing clinical guidelines: how can informatics help?

Clinical guidelines are heralded as a positive contribution to improving quality of care and ensuring the effectiveness of care. From the perspective of the health services researcher, the authors propose a model of how informatics can support the implementation of clinical guidelines and their integration into systems for decision support and clinical audit. Each element of the model is discussed in turn.

Health Plan Implementation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Standards for nursing terminology.

Terminology work in nursing has given rise to an increasing number of nursing terminologies. These generally take the form of controlled vocabularies. Because of the limitations of the controlled vocabulary approach, individual terminologies tend to be tuned to meet the specific needs of their intended users. Differences between terminologies are now a significant barrier to the comparison and interchange of health information. To agree on a single, multipurpose terminology would be problematic. However, several options for resolving unnecessary differences between nursing terminologies are currently being explored by international standards bodies and other groups, such as the U.S. Nursing Vocabulary Summit. One such option is the use of a terminology model to facilitate evolution toward a more coherent range of terminologies. The authors describe the motivation behind the development of a standard for nursing terminologies. They explain how a terminology model might form the basis for such a standard through a description of the approach taken by CEN TC251 (the Health Informatics Technical Committee of the European Committee for Standardization). They also discuss possible limitations of standardization.

Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

PACE project: object-orientated modelling of paediatric practice.

The need for useful clinical support based on integrated computerized systems is now well recognized. To build systems desired by busy clinicians requires accurate specifications. These specifications in turn require rigorous descriptions of the processes to be automated in a form which is understandable and unambiguous to both clinician and computer scientist. Despite these requirements communication between suppliers and users of computer systems often is poor. Detailed descriptions of health care with particular reference to child health were developed with an object-orientated technique. These descriptions take the form of conceptual models of the basic health care activities (evidence collection, assessing, planning and implementing management) and more specific departmental activities pertaining to paediatric intensive care, accident and emergency, and cystic fibrosis management. We have learned that once a modelling team becomes competent in applying the technique, object-orientated modelling can be a powerful tool for the description of complex processes such as those involved in present-day health care.

Decision Support Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Basic health care functions: an object-orientated analysis.

All clinical activities carried out by health care professionals can be seen as examples of what we have called the basic health care functions. These are collecting information concerning the patient, assessing the patient in the light of the information gathered, and then planning and administering the care which is deemed necessary. For a computerized clinical support system to be helpful to clinicians it is essential that the information and computer scientists responsible for building such systems have clear and detailed descriptions of the activities carried out by their clinical colleagues. One method of bridging this communication gap is object-orientated modelling. In this paper we present an object-orientated analysis of the basic health care functions, thus establishing a generic model on which descriptions of more specific clinical situations can be based.

Decision Support Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Essential evidence.

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Evidence-Based Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Language barrier.

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Communication Barriers↗