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Biomedical subjects

A Caruso

Publications and source records attributed to A Caruso.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Avian skin embryonal fibroblasts heterogeneity for lectins surface receptors.

Using several fluorescein-coupled lectins (ConA, WGA and SBA) the distribution of surface ligands in chick embryonic skin fibroblasts was studied at two incubation stages. On the basis of the percentage of lectin marked cells, at least, three fibroblastic populations heterogeneous for surface specific-saccharide binding sites were found. Their relative concentration were changed in the course of incubation, thus indicating developmental changes. We discuss this finding in relation to the regulatory mechanism of the spatial and temporal mesenchymal glycosaminoglycan pattern.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Extracellular glycosaminoglycans (GAG) released by chick embryonic fibroblasts. A possible involvement of surface receptors.

Administration of Concanavalin A (Con A) to cultured skin fibroblasts derived from chick embryos at two developmental stages produce variations in the relative concentration of individual glycosaminoglycan (GAG) secreted by the cells. This effect is different: at 7 days (increase of hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulphate and decrease of chondroitin sulphate) and at 14 days (dermatan sulphate is not detectable). All the cells bind the Con A specifically, but a different pattern of agglutination is present in fibroblasts of the two embryonic ages. Since Con A is well known to bind carbohydrate-containing surface proteins, the result suggests that the release of GAG by chick embryonic fibroblasts can be modulated by cell surface receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Monoclonal antibodies of predefined specificity detect activated ras gene expression in human mammary and colon carcinomas.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of predefined specificity have been generated by utilizing a synthetic peptide reflecting amino acid positions 10-17 of the Hu-rasT24 gene product as immunogen. These MAbs, designated RAP-1 through RAP-5 (RA, ras; P, peptide), have been shown to react with the ras gene product p21. Since the Hu-ras reactive determinants (positions 10-17) have been predicted to be within the tertiary structure of the p21 molecule, it was not unexpected that denaturation of cell extracts or tissue sections with Formalin or glutaraldehyde enhanced binding of the RAP MAbs. When paraffin-embedded Formalin-fixed tissue sections and the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase method were used, the RAP MAbs clearly defined enhanced ras p21 expression in the majority of human colon and mammary carcinomas. The majority of all abnormal ducts and lobules from fibroadenoma and fibrocystic disease patients were negative, as were all normal mammary and colonic epithelia examined. The findings reported here form the basis for quantitative radioimmunoassays for a ras translational product and provide a means to evaluate ras p21 expression within individual cells of normal tissues and benign, "premalignant," and malignant lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Gangliosides antinociceptive effects in rodents.

The present paper shows that a mixture of gangliosides (GA = GM1 + GD1a + GD1b + GT1b) is provided with a specific and powerful antinociceptive activity. The GA is active in reducing acetic acid and phenylquinone writhings, the acetic acid capillary-induced permeability and some acute inflammatory reactions. These actions seem to be mostly due to an anti-exudative property of the compounds which shows up right after the administration. The mixture of four gangliosides given in the proportion naturally occurring in the nervous system is more active than each single component in increasing the pain threshold, presenting therefore a synergistic effect. It is suggested that gangliosides can reduce the exudative phenomena interfering with the membrane permeability of the nerve-endings breaking interfering with the membrane permeability of the nerve-endings breaking the vicious circle of the neurogenic mechanisms of plasma extravasation.

Acetates↗
PubMed1984

Exogenous glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are able to modulate avian skin differentiation (epithelial keratinization and feather formation).

Several reports have suggested that mesenchymal glycosaminoglycans (GAG) may be involved in the regulatory role of epithelial differentiation. Some researchers have pointed out that exogenous GAG affects extracellular GAG accumulation. We have therefore examined the effect of added GAG on two typical processes of avian skin differentiation: keratinization and feather formation. Glycosaminoglycans, either obtained from fibroblasts cultures (conditioned media) or purified commercially available GAG were administered to 5/6-day chick embryo back skin explants. Control cultures were supported with 199 synthetic medium, chick embryo extract or calf serum. Explants have been examined by histological and histochemical procedures. Skin explants maintained in vitro for 7 days exhibited an epithelial differentiation and a dermal histochemical reactivity which were related to the composition of the culture medium. In conditioned media from dermal fibroblasts, but not from heart or lung fibroblasts, explants always exhibited keratinization. In purified-GAG-containing media, keratinization was observed with condroitinsulphates and not with hyaluronic acid. Keratinization was always related to prevalent accumulation of hyaluronic acid in the underlying mesenchyme whereas feather formation was in relation to deposits of condroitinsulphates in dermis pulp. The above findings demonstrate that exogenous GAG is able to modulate avian skin differentiation and that this regulation is linked to an influence on the mesenchymal GAG pattern.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Alkyl derivatives of isoquinoline. III. Synthesis and pharmacologic activity of dialkylaminoalkyl amides of 1-chloro- and 1-methoxy-3-carboxy-4-methylisoquinoline and of 3-carboxy-2,4-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-1-oxoisoquinoline].

The synthesis of a series of dialkylaminoalkylic amides of 1-chloro-3-carboxy-4-methylisoquinoline (VIII), of 1-methoxy-3-carboxy-4-methylisoquinoline (VI) and of 3-carboxy-2,4-dimethyl-1-oxoisoquinoline (XIII) is described. In addition a series of 1-amino-substituted 3-carboxymethyl-4-methylisoquinolines (II) was synthesized. The pharmacological activity of some of these compounds was studied. The compounds (XIIIa), (VIa) and (VIIIa) showed a clear local anaesthetic activity, a little lower than that of lidocaine; the same compounds also showed fairly good antispasmodic properties.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1983

[Analysis, by lectin fluorescence, of the cell surface of embryonal fibroblasts cultivated in vitro].

Cultured fibroblast derived from 7 and 14 days chick embryonic skin were tested with three fluorescent lectins (Con A, WGA and SBA). The result obtained shown that the percentage of cells that bind WGA decrease from 7 to 14 days, supporting the presence of an age-dependent heterogeneity at cell surface level. In both cellular population only the 50% of the cell bind to SBA, suggesting a more subtle heterogeneity into the same population.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Laboratory control of urokinase therapy at low or moderate dosages. An in-vitro study.

In vitro thrombolytic experiments were performed in a system composed of a radioactive clot (125I fibrinogen) perfused by whole anticoagulated blood to which a small amount of urokinase (UK) was added by continuous infusion. At various intervals a small aliquot of blood was drawn from the system and assayed for fibrinogen, plasminogen and alpha 2-antiplasmin. Results were correlated with the degree of thrombolysis measured continuously as decrease of clot radioactivity by a ratemeter connected to a recorder. The coefficients of correlation between fibrinogen, plasminogen and thrombolysis were -0.45 and -0.46, respectively (p less than 0.001). The highest coefficient of correlation was observed between alpha 2-antiplasmin change and thrombolysis (-0.84; p less than 0.001). Results indicate that the initiation of an effective thrombolytic state induced by UK required the depletion of about 50% of alpha 2-antiplasmin. The measurement of alpha 2-antiplasmin during UK therapy at low or moderate dosage appears to be useful for dosage adjustments leading to the development of a thrombolytic state.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1983

Effect of celioscopic ovarian resection in patients with polycystic ovaries.

Ovarian resection was performed by means of celioscopy in 12 patients with polycystic ovaries (PCO), who had not responded to clomiphene + HCG therapy. This therapy had induced ovulation in only 14% of 56 therapeutic cycles. Ovarian resection through celioscopy induced ovulation in 45% of cycles. Clomiphene + HCG therapy after resection in patients with no spontaneous ovulation induced ovulation in 44% of cycles. Seven pregnancies followed in 5 women, equal to 41% of patients. Hormonal patterns (FSH, LH, E2, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone) before and after resection showed no significant variation. The authors emphasize other advantages of this technique, such as fewer surgical injuries than laparotomy, relative harmlessness of the treatment, the possibility of repeating it and of performing subsequent laparotomy.

Body Temperature↗