Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Carre

Publications and source records attributed to A Carre.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Novel mutations in the duplicated region of PKD1 gene.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) exhibits a genetically heterogeneous transmission involving at least three different genes. PKD1 gene linked mutations are responsible for the disease in about 85% of ADPKD cases. The search for mutations is a very important step in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ADPKD. We undertook this study using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), after a stage of long range PCR, to scan for mutations in the duplicated region of the PKD1 gene in French ADPKD families. This allowed us to identify eight novel mutations and several polymorphisms: among the mutations, three are nonsense mutations, two are deletions in the coding sequence leading to frameshift mutations, one is a splice mutation and two are highly probable missense mutations. In this paper, we also provide a review of the mutations reported so far which are widespread throughout the gene. Although no clear hot spot for mutation is apparent, we will focus on some clustering observed.

Amino Acid Substitution↗
PubMed1998

[Heart rate and diabetes mellitus].

Diabetic neuropathy, particularly autonomic disorders, is early and frequent. When it affects the heart, it is also called cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and its clinical manifestations, especially increased heart rate, and subclinical manifestations are reported here, together with the techniques used to study this disease: Ewing's test, "Finapres", Holter ECG. Tachycardia, occurs early, is almost constant during diabetes and has a prognostic value.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1993

[Ambulatory arterial blood pressure monitoring in the management of hypertension in pregnancy].

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) completes the diagnostic approach to hypertension of pregnancy, by providing a dynamic study of the blood pressure status of the pregnant woman. It corrects certain erroneous diagnoses of hypertension of pregnancy, in particular those related to the "White coat" effect, especially common in pregnant women. ABPM enables the study of nocturnal blood pressured figures, known for their prognostic value in hypertension of pregnancy. Finally, while loss or reversal of circadian rhythm appears to be of good predictive value regarding the onset of eclampsia, it is above all blood pressure load which appears to be harmful to fetal growth and maturity. ABPM also facilitates management by improving the compliance of pregnant women with regular monitoring and with treatment, by more accurately guiding the surveillance of drug treatment.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1991

A double-blind, randomized, comparative study of nitrendipine and enalapril in elderly hypertensive patients.

We conducted a randomized, double-blind, double-placebo study in two groups of elderly hypertensive patients aged over 60 years to compare nitrendipine to enalapril, given once daily over 4 months, as monotherapy with 20 mg tablets. Clinic blood pressure was measured monthly and 24 h ambulatory monitoring was obtained at day 0 and day 120. Fifty-two patients entered the study (22 in the nitrendipine group, 30 in the enalapril group); 4 patients in both groups were dropped from the study because they withdrew their consent to participate. Three patients under nitrendipine and five patients under enalapril were not included in the analysis of data because of insufficient follow-up. The two groups were comparable on final analysis. The clinical blood pressure was similarly reduced in both groups at 24 h postdose (172/97 to 157/85 mm Hg on nitrendipine vs. 177/98 to 154/86 mm Hg on enalapril). Seventy percent of the patients had their blood pressure normalized at the end of the study in the two groups. With ambulatory blood pressure recording, no 24 h blood pressure significant differences were found on day 120 when we calculated the mean of systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (137 +/- 12/82 +/- 9 mm Hg on nitrendipine vs. 136 +/- 16/82 +/- 11 mm Hg on enalapril), or for daytime or nighttime periods. The pulse pressure or the mean of the five highest SBP values was also similar in nitrendipine and enalapril patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Essential arterial hypertension and quality of life. Comparative crossed double-blind study of labetalol and captopril].

The purpose of this multicenter randomised, double-blind and cross-over study was to compare the antihypertensive effects of labetalol (L) and captopril (C) in 42 moderate hypertensive patients (mean age: 52 years). The drugs were given during two 4-weeks periods at the end of which the systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) were measured at rest in supine and standing positions. The assessment of the quality of life was realized with 4 scales completed by the practitioner [anxiety, depression, well-being, visual analog scale (VAS)] and 4 scales of auto-assessment completed by the patient [2 VAS, well-being, sub-scale of pleasure]. At the end of the first treatment's period (D28), both drugs had decreased significantly supine SBP and DBP (p less than 0.001), standing DBP (L = p less than 0.01; C = p less than 0.05), while only L lowered supine SBP (p less than 0.01). The cross-over analysis was unable to conclude, due to the number of patients and a significant interaction which reduced its power. Thus the effect of the first treatment's period seemed to influence the efficacy of the second one. The percentages of patients with a controlled BP were respectively: after 4 weeks of treatment, L = 61 p. 100 vs C = 42 p. 100 and at the end of study (D56), L = 67 p. 100 vs C = 64 p. 100.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Calcium intestinal absorption in normotensive and essential hypertensive subjects before and after nicardipine].

The part played by calcium in genesis of essential hypertension may be suspected. Yet, the whole of epidemiological research as well in the animal as in man is still not very convincing. The objective of such a research has been to appreciate the calcium intestinal absorption before and after nicardipine treatment in 11 subjects (5 M/6 F) aged between 32 and 82. The group is made up of 7 hypertensive patients (2 M/5 F) and 4 normotensive ones (3 M/1 F). Subjects showing bone disease, kidney insufficiency and stone in kidneys or under such a treatment as to interfere with calcium metabolism had been excluded. Dosage of calcium and phosphate, Na, K, aldosterone, in blood and urine and PTH and PRA in blood had been effectuated. Estimation of true calcium absorption has been made by double isotope deconvolution method. Blood pressure has been measured by semi-ambulatory monitoring method. Similar evaluation has been made after four weeks treatment (60 mg of nicardipine a day). Without any treatment, normotensive subjects have a lower intestinal absorption coefficient than the hypertensive ones, which is normal (non significative statistical results: NS). Under nicardipine, hypertensive patients seem to get lower intestinal absorption (NS); other clinical, biological parameters show no change, except a rise of apoprotein A after nicardipine treatment (P less than or equal to 0.05). So, the intestinal absorption of calcium would become higher in hypertensive subjects and diminished by calcium antagonist treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in the glucose tolerance parameters in non-diabetic hypertensive patients treated with cicletanine].

The effects of cicletanine hydrochloride on glucose tolerance parameters were studied in a two-phase trial in which patients received a placebo for 2 weeks, followed by cicletanine 50 mg/day for 3 months. Ten patients with mild to moderate hypertension, who were neither obese nor diabetic and had no disorder of glucose tolerance entered the study. None of the patients was withdrawn. Glucose tolerance was evaluated by two oral glucose tolerance tests performed at 90 days' interval, each with half hourly blood glucose and insulin assays. The clinical effectiveness of the drug was assessed by monthly blood pressure measurements. No significant change in glycaemia and insulinaemia was observed. There was a significant decrease of supine SBP from 170.7 +/- 9.1 mmHg to 150.3 +/- 6.7 mmHg (p less than 0.0001) and of supine DBP from 101.3 +/- 4.1 to 80.3 +/- 7.7 mmHg (p less than 0.0001). At the end of the study, 9 of the 10 patients had normal blood pressure values. No undesirable clinical or biochemical effect was noted. thus, cicletanine, an antihypertensive drug derived from furopyridine, proved to be devoid of adverse effects on glycoregulation and clinically effective on hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Trial of typological classification of the blood pressure profile over 24 hours in aged patients by Fourier analysis].

The profiles of 24-hour systolic and diastolic arterial pressures and heart rates obtained with the Bard-Sentron system were studied in 36 untreated subjects (24 women and 12 men, aged from 65 to 89 years) with normal or borderline blood pressure. Each profile was modelized by a Fourier's serie. Multivariate analysis showed that 4 first harmonics were sufficient for a good description of the values observed. A programme of redistribution in subgroups, using McQueen's reallocation method and based on diastolic pressure spectrum, divided the subjects into two groups (A and B) such that the diastolic pressure spectrum of subjects in the same group were "similar" and those of subjects in different groups were "dissimilar". Subjects in both groups were of the same age and had the same man/woman ratio. The diastolic profile of group A showed marked day-night variations, while that of group B had almost the same level day and night. The same method can be applied to systolic pressure. Although the exact role of ambulatory blood pressure as a risk factor remains to be determined, a strong day-night variation of pressure observed in a given subject ought to be closely watched by the clinician. This study suggests a method to evaluate the different types of arterial pressure and heart rate profiles in any population of subjects and to identify a group at higher cardiovascular risk, if it is present.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Density and frequency dependence of resistance in early airway obstruction.

The forced oscillation technique is a noninvasive and effort-independent test used to characterize the mechanical impedance of the respiratory system. The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of this method in detecting early airway abnormalities caused by smoking or occupational hazards. Respiratory mechanical parameters by the forced oscillation technique and maximal expiratory flow volume (MEFV) curves were obtained in a group of 82 workers from a gas manufacturing plant. In addition, the variations in the frequency dependence of total respiratory resistance between air breathing and a mixture of helium-oxygen (He-O2) were measured. All parameters were normalized for age, height, and weight. In order to compare the 2 types of testing, multiple linear regressions were performed with smoking or exposure as independent variables on one hand and parameters of the 2 types of testing on the other hand. This statistical procedure showed that 2 parameters of the forced oscillation technique constantly reached higher levels of significance than those of the MEFV parameters in the regression equations describing smoking history and occupational exposure: these were the frequency dependence of resistance and the change in frequency dependence between air and He-O2 breathing. When nonsmokers, ex-smokers, and smokers were considered separately, the degree of frequency dependence of resistance and the change in frequency dependence between air and He-O2 breathing were the only parameters that were significantly different between these 3 groups (one-way analysis of variance).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Diaphragmatic straightness in 302 asbestos-exposed patients.

The relationship was studied between the presence in X-rays of one or several regions of straightness on the diaphragm, which interrupt or replace its normal curve, and the intensity, length and latency of asbestos exposure. Subjects were four groups in whom intensity of exposure, assessed by questionnaire and by ferruginous body counts, increased progressively. Diaphragmatic straightness increased with increasing intensity but not with length or latency of asbestos exposure.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1979

Asbestos risk among full-time workers in an electricity-generating power station.

A matched survey of 55 full-time workers probably exposed to asbestos in an electricity-generating power station (exposed group) and of 53 unexposed workers in an automobile plant has been conducted. The asbestos risk in the power station was confirmed by the presence of airborne fibers in the range 0.1--6000 X 10(-9) g/m3 in the air sampled during the survey period and by the presence of FB in the sputa of 32.7% of the workers. The following parameters were significantly related to asbestos exposure in the study group: FB in the sputa, localized rectitude of the diaphragm, pleural thickening, pleural calcification, and the chest pain. Moreover, for all persons studied, gastrointestinal symptoms and recent hoarsening of the voice were significantly related to the number of FB in the sputa.

Adult↗