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Biomedical subjects

A Carli

Publications and source records attributed to A Carli.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

DNA fingerprinting of yeast strains by restriction enzyme analysis.

Restriction endonuclease analysis was used as a new method to obtain genomic DNA fingerprints in yeast. Fifteen yeast strains belonging to the genera Saccharomyces and Zygosaccharomyces were examined. Restriction fragments obtained with ApaI or KspI endonucleases were separated by SDS-PAGE and silver-stained. Analysis of the fingerprints showed that restriction enzyme digestion of genomic DNA can be successfully applied to yeast, enabling the differentiation between strains belonging to different or to the same species or genera.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Migration pattern and genetic marker distribution of the Afro-American population of Bluefields, Nicaragua.

On a sample of the population of mixed African ancestry living in Bluefields, Nicaragua, the pattern of migration and the distribution of red cell and serum genetic markers have been studied. It is concluded that, in spite of a considerable level of internal and external migration, a distinctive genetic structure is maintained by the population. Moreover, a strongly negative assortative mating can be observed between people inhabiting the western and eastern areas of Nicaragua. It is estimated that most, if not all, of the genetic pool of the population is accounted for by a process of admixture between African and Indian peoples.

Anthropology, Cultural↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Toxicity of Actinia equina (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) crude venom on cultured cells.

The toxicity of Cnidaria is a subject of high concern owing to its influence on human activities and public health and to the implications in ecological relationships between organisms. In order to simulate as much as possible the natural conditions and the consequences of stinging against injured cells, as well considering that Cnidarian venoms are located not only in nematocysts but also in tissues, the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of crude extracts from nematocyst and surrounding tissues of the sea-anemone Actinia equina (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) were assessed on cultured fibroblasts (V79). The cytotoxicity was remarkable and cell survival was highly reduced at highest tested concentration (150,000 nematocysts/ml); using the Trypan blue dye exclusion test, only 40% of treated cells survived after the first hour of treatment and viable cells were not counted after the second hour. Also the results obtained utilizing the Neutral Red assay showed serious effects of crude toxin (only 31.5% and 12.6% cell survival after one and three hours respectively). Genotoxic effects were not observed at tested doses.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adhesion of bacteria and diatoms to the exoskeleton of the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus fulvus in culture: electron and epifluorescent microscope study.

In the marine environment associations between picoplankton and copepods are very important not only for the lifestyle of these animals, but also for marine ecosystems and human health. In the present study we investigated the biofouling of Tigriopus fulvus in culture and possible effects of this colonization by means of scanning electron microscopy and epifluorescence microscopy. These investigations show that T. fulvus is heavily and not uniformly colonized by bacteria and algae.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cultures and thermal analysis of the marine microalga Tetraselmis suecica Kylin (Butch).

In this paper, the growth of the marine microalga Tetraselmis suecica was investigated using thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) to determine suitable diets for larval and juvenile development in aquaculture systems. Microalgae were maintained in synthetic sea water (19@1000 salinity, 18 degrees C constant temperature) and the algal growth was evaluated by cell abundance. Exponential, stationary and senescence cells were analyzed by TG and DTA. The results of thermal analysis pointed out marked differences between exponential, stationary and senescence phases and showed that exponentially growing microalgae could represent a suitable food in aquaculture systems.

Differential Thermal Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of the principal component analysis (PCA) to the ecological study of an artificial environment: the tunny-fishing net of Camogli (Ligurian Sea).

The management of the marine environment and resource exploitation depend on the knowledge of both water conditions and ecological relationships between organisms. In the framework of fishing problems, an adequate food availability is important in order to allow maintaining and growth of fish stocks. The tunny-fishing of Camogli, owing to the coco-fibre texture of its net, can improve the trophic resources allowing the settlement of organisms eaten by fish. The distribution and composition of settled organisms was studied during the campaign 1988 by microscopical methods. The results have been elaborated by using multivariate (PCA) methods. Foraminifers, ciliates, hydroids, nematodes and copepods were the mainly observed groups. Their variations with season and depth and the relationships with caught fish species are presented. The elaboration of data by PCA allowed an easy and complete interpretation of the obtained complex data set showing the existence of a "rope" and of a "depth" effect.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An ultrastructural study of the Antarctic calanoid Copepod Metridia gerlachei giesbrecht, 1902. Adult female.

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques can highly contribute to the knowledge of body structures in order to differentiate between different species or between varieties within the same species. This is particularly important in extreme environments, such as in Antarctic waters, where the evolution efforts have promoted the development of endemisms. In this work the external anatomy of Metridia gerlachei (Copepoda, Calanida) adult females, sampled during the Italian Oceanographic Campaign in Antarctica 1987-88, was described by SEM, particularly considering some swimming legs and the genital abdominal joint. The descriptions already reported have been verified and some morphological details have been better emphasized. As concerns the P2, the hook process of the first segment of endopod and a series of spines vaguely indicated, but not defined, in previous descriptions have been clearly evidenced. In the P5 the occurrence of three well separated free segments and the location of a marginal sets have been shown. The ultrastracture of the genital segment showed that a clear areola surrounds the genital field.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Variations of ATP content in V79 cells treated with crude toxins of--Aequorea aequorea (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) and Rhizostoma pulmo (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa). A preliminary study.

The toxicity of Cnidaria exerts a noticeable influence on some human activities, such as fishery and bathing, and on public health. As toxins of Mediterranean Cnidaria are located in nematocysts and in tissues, in this study the influence of crude toxins (nematocyst and surrounding tissue venom) extracted from the jellyfish Aequorea aequorea and Rhizostoma pulmo on ATP content of cultured V79 cells was assessed. Using the crude toxin of A. aequorea an increase of ATP levels in treated cells was noted; highest values (41.2 10(-7) mM/ml after 180 min treatment) were reached using the highest dose. Otherwise, a generalized decrease of ATP levels was observed treating cells with crude toxin of R. pulmo; recorded values showed the complete depletion of cell ATP at 115 min treatment with the highest dose. A statistical significance was recorded between treatment times and between doses using crude toxin of R. pulmo, and only between treatment times for A. aequorea.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diffusion of smoking among high school students at U.S.L. No. 18 of the Tuscan region].

Between young people: 51% of male have never smoked, and only 38% of the females. If increase the age, increase also the percentage of whom that have had first meeting with cigarette smoke. Begin previously boys and they smoke more strongly. Today young people begin to smoke always more precociously, even if they are more informed.

Adolescent↗