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Biomedical subjects

A Carli

Publications and source records attributed to A Carli.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Relationship between changes in serum estrone levels and outcome in human males with septic shock.

The effect of septic shock on the production of estrogens, other steroid hormones, and gonadotropins in men was investigated. Two groups of male patients in the early septic shock were studied over 3 days following their admission to the Intensive Care Unit. Group I (n = 9) patients recovered and group II (n = 6) patients died. The simplified acute physiological score was 13.5 +/- 1.5 for group I and 21.2 +/- 2.3 for group II (P less than .05). In group I patients, estrogen levels (particularly E1) were high on day 1 and decreased progressively (day 1: 3,515 +/- 884 pmol/L, day 2: 2,450 +/- 292 pmol/L, and day 3: 1,043 +/- 255 pmol/L). In group II patients, estrone levels were as high as in group I on day 1, but increased throughout the 3 days (day 1: 3,250 +/- 1,200 pmol/L, day 2: 4,495 +/- 930 pmol/L, and day 3: 6,123 +/- 966 pmol/L). There were few changes in gonadotropins and other steroid hormones, except that the testosterone levels were below normal in both patient groups, while cortisol was elevated in group II. The changes in serum E1 may provide an accurate marker of individual outcome.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Plankton from the Riva Trigoso Bay(Ligurian Sea): presence of various trace elements].

Between March and June 1989 zooplankton and sea-water samples were taken in three different areas of Riva Trigoso Bay (eastern Ligurian Sea) every two weeks. The analysis of eight trace elements (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, V, Zn) was conducted by means of a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (GFAAS). Biological material values resulted to be limited and quite homogeneous in all metal species thus with no apparent influence from sampling area or time. Observed concentrations (ng/g dry weight) ranged between 12 and 45 for Cd, 52 and 117 for Co, 30 and 71 for Cr, 428 and 1063 for Cu, 730 and 1440 for Fe, 265 and 512 for Ni, 361 and 510 for V, and 1403 and 2499 for Zn. Sea-water values confirmed the results of biological material thus testifying a particularly interesting environmental condition due to low contamination level detected in this part of the coast.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Manual and mechanic anastomosis. Comparison in oncologic surgery of the colon and rectum].

Personal experience in the treatment of 60 cases of cancer of the large bowel with left hemicolon and rectal localisation is reported. 20 manual double layer anastomoses (group I), 20 single layer (group II) and with mechanical stapler (EEA stapler) (group III) were carried out in consecutive series. The results are reported in terms of early local and general complications: specifically 13 cases of anastomotic dehiscence of which 69.2% were observed in group I, 15.4% in group II and 15.4% in group III. Total postoperative mortality was 5%, average hospitalisation was as follows: 19 days group I, 14 days group II, 17 days group III. The value of single layer anastomoses, which is comparable to results with the stapler whose use is essential in cases of real manual technical difficulty, is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Antropyloric preservation in pancreatic excisions].

The authors report 11 consecutive partial or total pancreatectomies with preservation of the pylorus. They believe this technique is to be preferred because it allows a better digestion and reduces complication rate.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Unexpected hyperactivity of myocardial adenylate cyclase system in endotoxic male rats.

Ventricle beta-adrenoceptors have been investigated and serum steroid levels determined in male rats injected intravenously with lipopolysaccharide from E. coli (LPS) under light anesthesia. Two series of doses were successively studied: 1) 2 and 3 mg.kg-1 and 2) 1 and 4 mg.kg-1, each including controls. The second series was carried out owing to the unexpected results of the first one. Homogeneity of the two series was tested. Experiments were performed at hr 4 after injection, a time previously tested to induce hormonal variations and release of a cardiodepressant factor (CDF) in serum. The results indicate that 2 mg.kg-1 LPS induced an increased activity of adenylate cyclase. The unexpectedly high response was dose-dependent since it was not found with the lowest or highest doses. The determination of serum steroid levels (progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, corticosterone, delta 4-androstenedione, testosterone, estrone, and estradiol) was used as a kind of marker of endotoxin activity. The results point out that the light anesthesia used for LPS injection delayed the hormonal response, when compared with results previously obtained with the same LPS dose (2 mg.kg-1) in unanesthetized rats. It can be inferred that the present data should usually appear at an earlier stage. It is suggested that an endotoxin-induced protein kinase C activation could be involved in the observed hyperactivity of adenylate cyclase and the hyperdynamic phase of septic shock.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1989

[Biometrico-statistical evaluation of a biological sample].

The total animal population percentage composition, found during period May-August 1979 on tunny-fishing coco-fibres nets in Camogli (Genoa), has been valued in relation to the depth. In particular, connections between population and presence of some fish species draughted has been studied, considering ecological, reproductive and trophic habits of fishes, in order to value relations between the influence these populations exert on fishing and biological characteristics of the quantitatively more meaningful fish species.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Percent composition of fatty acids in Tigriopus fulvus from rocky pools on the Ligurian coast (Copepoda harpacticoida)].

The study concerns the Tigriopus fulvus specimens fatty acid composition, sampled in Ligurian coast rockpools from September 1980 to June 1981. By the study of frequency distribution it was observed that the fatty acid found in greater quantity was the palmitic one, followed by the palmitoleic, the oleic and stearic acids. Short and long chain fatty acids are less frequent. Investigation about each fatty acid concentration shows that the seasonal trends between males and females are different and the trend of some fatty acids (e.g. linolenic and stearic acid) is characteristic.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Elevated oestrogen and reduced testosterone levels in the serum of male septic shock patients.

The variations in oestrogen levels which occur in men with septic shock were determined and analysed in terms of the changes seen in the levels of other steroid hormones of testicular and adrenal origin. The concentrations of the hormones, oestrone (E1), oestradiol (E2), testosterone (T), delta 4-androstenedione (delta 4), cortisol (F) and progesterone (P4) were determined by radioimmunoassay. The serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were also determined. Two groups of male septic shock patients were studied within the first 24 h following the admission to the Intensive Care Unit. Group I (n = 24) patients died. Group II (n = 22) patients recovered. Both groups were compared to a control group (n = 44) of healthy men. In group I patients, serum E1 levels were 3900 +/- 900 pmol/l, 12-fold higher than controls (296 +/- 22 pmol/l) [P less than 0.001], serum E2 levels were 880 +/- 170 pmol/l, 6-fold above control levels (158 +/- 30 pmol/l) [P less than 0.001] and serum T levels were 1.7 +/- 0.3 nmol/l, 11-fold lower than in controls (18.7 +/- 1.9 nmol/l) [P less than 0.001]. Serum P4 and F levels were slightly increased (P less than 0.05) and delta 4 androstenedione levels were unchanged. Groups II serum estrogen levels (814 +/- 350 pmol/l) [P less than 0.01] were higher than controls and serum T levels were 2-3 times less than control levels (5.5 +/- 2 nmol/l) [P less than 0.01]. The group II serum P4, F and delta 4 androstenedione levels did not differ from control levels. The levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and NEFAs were all decreased to similar, significant, degrees in both groups of shock patients. The dramatic increase in E1 levels associated with the decrease in T suggests an adrenal-testicular relationship with possible potentiation of aromatization of adrenal or testicular androgens in men in septic shock. The determination of serum E1 and T during septic shock in men could form the basis for prognostic estimations of septic shock severity and for a new therapeutic approach to shock.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Endotoxin-induced changes in sex steroid hormone levels in male rats.

Intravenous administration of Escherichia coli endotoxin (ENDO) was found to induce profound time and dose dependent changes in the serum steroid hormones, oestrone (E1), oestradiol (E2), corticosterone (B), progesterone (P4), 17 alpha-OH progesterone (17 alpha OHP4), and testosterone (T) of intact male rats. These changes were rapid, with a maximal response at 2 h and a return to close to normal values by 4 h. Non-lethal doses (0.01-2 mg/kg) of ENDO induced large increases in oestrogens (3-9-fold), P4 (4-fold) and B (2-3-fold) and decreased serum T (2-fold). The greatest increase in E2 level was seen with an ENDO dose of 2 mg/kg. Serum E1, E2 and T did not change in response to lethal ENDO doses (4-8 mg/kg); B, P4 and 17 alpha OHP4 levels alone were moderately elevated. Systemic mean arterial pressure was unchanged, except at the highest ENDO dose used. Thus, the hormonal responses are unlikely to be the result of hemodynamic changes. Low doses of ENDO did not produce an increase in serum E1 and E2 in adrenalectomized or orchidectomized rats. These results indicate that oestrogens are largely produced in the testis. The aromatization of the testicular and adrenal androgens can be stimulated by glucocorticoid.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1987

Coronary hemodynamics and myocardial metabolism of lactate, free fatty acids, glucose, and ketones in patients with septic shock.

To investigate disturbances in the coronary circulation and myocardial metabolism during septic shock, we examined coronary sinus blood flow and myocardial substrate extraction in 40 patients with septic shock and 13 control patients. Patients with coronary artery disease were excluded from this study. The global hemodynamic pattern of the septic patients was characterized by a lower stroke volume, despite an elevated cardiac index. Coronary sinus blood flow was high (187 +/- 47 vs 130 +/- 21 ml/min in the control group, p less than .001) due to marked coronary vasodilation, especially in the subgroup of nonsurvivors. In contrast to the control group, myocardial lactate uptake was elevated, while that of free fatty acids, glucose, and ketone bodies was diminished in patients with septic shock. These findings were especially prominent in the nonsurvivors. Expressed as oxygen equivalents, the contribution of free fatty acids as an energy source of the myocardium was markedly diminished in septic patients (12% vs 54% in the control group, p less than .005), while that of lactate was increased (36% vs 12%, p less than .01). The observed shift in myocardial substrate extraction was associated with a discrepancy between measured myocardial oxygen consumption and that calculated chemically from commonly available exogenous substrates: 41% of myocardial oxygen consumption was not explained by the utilization of commonly available substrates extracted from coronary circulation in all patients with septic shock.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Influence of indomethacin on the endotoxin-induced cardiodepressant effect of serum and steroid hormone changes in male rats.

Escherichia coli endotoxin has been shown to induce a cardiodepressant effect (CDE) and changes in steroid hormone concentrations in the serum of male rats, especially increases in estrogens and a decrease in testosterone. Pretreatment of rats with indomethacin (INDO) abolished these responses to endotoxin. Direct addition of INDO to primary cultures of rat heart cells blocked the cardiodepressant response of these cells to endotoxin-treated rat serum. These data, together with previous results, suggest that relationships between estrogens and CDE are possible, while these two parameters have different time courses and dose dependencies; in any case, the prostanoid system is likely involved since INDO is able to suppress both of them.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Potentiated cardiodepressant effect of serum by endotoxin in adrenalectomized rats.

We have previously shown that in intact rats (IT) a sublethal and nonhypotensive dose (2 mg/kg IV) of Escherichia coli endotoxin was able to induce the early and sustained release of a lipid-soluble cardiodepressant factor, decreasing contractility of cultured rat heart cells by about 35%. As a humoral mediation may also be envisaged in cardiac dysfunction observed by other investigators in adrenal insufficiency, this study was designed to assess serum cardiodepressant effects of endotoxin in 6-10-day, saline-maintained, adrenalectomized rats (ADX). In ADX 2 mg/kg endotoxin caused severe hypotension and 100% lethality within the first 90 min. To obtain in ADX a depressant effect of serum on cultured heart cells fairly similar to that observed in IT, it was necessary to reduce the endotoxin dose by about 200 times (0.01 mg/kg). The latter proved sublethal and nonhypotensive in ADX and was without depressant effect of serum in IT. Serum from ADX (no endotoxin) induced a slight but significant decrease by about 9% in cultured heart cell contractility when compared to serum from IT or sham-operated controls. These data show that adrenalectomy confers a cardiodepressant effect on rat serum and potentiates the release of endotoxin-induced cardiodepressant substance(s) without relation to systemic hypotension.

Adrenalectomy↗