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Biomedical subjects

A Carbone

Publications and source records attributed to A Carbone.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Atrial natriuretic factor and pulmonary function].

The aim of this review is to provide a critical and concise discussion of present knowledge on the role of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in physiological as well as pathological pulmonary conditions. The lung contributes only to a small extent to the production of circulating ANF; on the other hand, the lung represents the major degrading site of the protein. Plasmatic ANF concentration increment during lung disease may therefore be due to a reduction in ANF plasma removal enzyme rather than to increased ANF production. Lung tissue shows more ANF receptor sites than any other organ. The effect of ANF on bronchial and pulmonary artery muscle lining is particularly evident. In fact ANF administration in asthmatic patients leads to bronchodilation comparable to dilation induced by salbutamol. Furthermore, elevated levels of circulating ANF seem to influence fluid redistribution through alveolar-capillary membrane leading to protein mobilization through the alveolar space. On the contrary, in the cardiomyopathic hamster ANF induces relevant guanylate cyclase activation before the animal has developed hemodynamic changes. Guanylate-cyclase activation may protect the lung through counteracting pulmonary edema formation, as shown by fluid reduction in alveolar spaces following pneumotoxic agents administration. This effect seems independent of natriuretic and hypotensive ANF effects.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anatomopathological findings correlated with high-dose recombinant interleukin-2. Review of the literature and description of 2 autopsy cases].

After review of the pertinent literature on pathologic findings associated with Interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy for metastatic malignancies (melanomas, renal cell carcinomas), two autoptic cases are described with particular emphasis on the cardiovascular and pulmonary changes. The authors report on the occurrence of massive transmural acute myocardial infarct in a patient with metastatic cutaneous melanoma, treated with recombinant IL-2, who did not show atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries. Conversely, myocardial lesions were not found in the other patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, treated with recombinant IL-2; he had severe generalized atherosclerosis and died of pulmonary causes. It is suggested that myocardial direct toxic effects of IL-2 associated with capillary leak syndrome may determine a myocardial infarct. It is concluded that IL-2 therapy is not contra-indicated in oncologic patients with atherosclerosis of the coronaries if they are carefully monitored.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of the otorhinolaryngologist in HIV infections].

The spreading of HIV infection and the importance of otorhinolaryngological examination in serum positive patients has given rise to some literature regarding the E.N.T. manifestations of this infection. In particular these works underline the nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue hypertrophy (NLTH). The present work reports data drawn from two years of experience with 69 HIV patients most of which were intravenous drug users (IVDU). The nasopharyngeal findings, divided into 4 classes both in regard to clinical and anatomopathological characteristics, showed that there was a higher incidence of NLTH in HIV+ patients than in the control group. NLTH was particularly found during the initial stages of the disease, in patients ranging in age from 20 to 29 and in IVDU. The most common manifestations found both in the 69 patients examined and in the literature are listed and the main clinical aspects of the various stages of the disease, from contacting AIDS are dealt with. The peculiarity of NLTH is discussed and a viral etiology is suggested even though further study is required to better clarify the physiopathology of the nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue during an HIV infection. Finally, the importance of a thorough examination of the initial portion of the aerodigestive tract is stressed in all HIV+ cases.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increased serum calcitonin, reduced serum 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D and normal parathormone concentrations in idiopathic hypercalciuria.

Twelve children (5 males and 7 females, mean age 8.5 years) with idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH), 9 with absorptive IH (1 type I and 8 type II) and 3 with renal IH, were followed in our outpatient hospital from September 1981 to March 1987. Mean (+/- 1 SD) free diet calciuria was 5.9 +/- 1.66 mg/kg/day. Diagnosis was made measuring urinary Ca/Cr ratio after controlled diet and calcium loading test. Serum parathormone (PTH), 1,25-(OH)2-D3 and calcitonin (TCT) values and renal threshold phosphate concentration (TmPO4/GFR) were also studied. Serum PTH was normal in all children. Serum TCT levels were significantly increased in the patients with IH compared with controls (p less than 0.001) while serum 1,25-(OH)2-D3 levels were significantly reduced compared with controls (p less than 0.001).

Calcitonin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Uhl's anomaly associated with atresia of the pulmonary valve].

A case of Uhl's anomaly in a newborn who died in congestive cardiac failure at 18 days of age is described. There was severe cardiomegaly on chest X-ray, right atrial hypertrophy on E.C.G., and a delayed tricuspid valve closure of 0,8 seconds on M-mode echocardiogram. The necropsy study showed a huge right atrial and right ventricular dilatation, a very thin right ventricular wall (1 mm.) with an important reduction in the number of muscular fibers, a pulmonary valve atresia, and a patent ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale. We have only three cases Uhl's anomaly associated with pulmonary atresia, and no one with such an important delay of the tricuspid valve closure on the echocardiogram.

Electrocardiography↗