Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A C Petersen.
A case of total puerperal rupture of the pubic symphysis during non-operative delivery is reported and the literature reviewed. The patient in our case was successfully treated by external skeletal fixation. In agreement with the literature the authors recommend external skeletal fixation when lesions are unstable, when inadequate reduction is achieved, or when the diastasis is more than 40 mm.
Twenty-two cases of non-malignant pyometra which were observed during a period of 15 years are described. 22% were recurrences. All of the women were postmenopausal with discharge and haemorrhage as the commonest symptoms. Pyrexia was rare. Pyometra cannot be excluded or diagnosed by means of gynaecological examination. In cases of suspected pyometra, thorough cervical dilatation and curettage are recommended. Antibiotics should only be administered if there is evidence of invasive infection, in the form of pyrexia, generalised malaise or altered laboratory parameters. In cases such as these, preparations which are effective for aerobic and also anaerobic bacteria should be employed. Follow-up control every six months is recommended on account of the great tendency to recur.
This longitudinal study of 200 young adolescent girls and boys (mean age 11.6 years in sixth grade) investigated the hypothesis that differences in masculinity, femininity, and sex role attitudes would intensify across the sixth, seventh, and eighth grades (between 11 and 13 years of age) and that pubertal timing (early, on time, late) would play a role in this intensification. Analyses revealed that sex differences in masculinity and sex role attitudes increased across grades, but not sex differences in femininity. Pubertal timing was not associated with this gender divergence, although the evidence is equivocal for boys. The results provide support for gender intensification, but the role of pubertal timing may not be as strong as previously supposed.
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Sex differences in spatial ability are widely acknowledged, yet considerable dispute surrounds the magnitude, nature, and age of first occurrence of these differences. This article focuses on 3 questions about sex differences in spatial ability: What is the magnitude of sex differences in spatial ability? On which aspects of spatial ability are sex differences found? and When, in the life span, are sex differences in spatial ability first detected? Implications for clarifying the linkage between sex differences in spatial ability and other differences between males and females are discussed. We use meta-analysis, a method for synthesizing empirical studies, to investigate these questions. Results of the meta-analysis suggest that sex differences arise on some types of spatial ability but not others, that large sex differences are found only on measures of mental rotation, that smaller sex differences are found on measures of spatial perception, and that, when sex differences are found, they can be detected across the life span.
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