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Biomedical subjects

A C Miller

Publications and source records attributed to A C Miller.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The eucaryotic cell-lipochromosome as a new host-vector system in gene amplification and expression.

Although procaryotes such as E. Coli are generally considered to be ideal hosts, able to amplify eucaryotic gene sequences contained within hybrid DNA plasmid molecules (3, 14), recent experimental evidence such as the decreased bacterial viability observed during the cloning of mouse mitochondrial DNA, clearly shows the limitations of this type of approach (6). In addition, major technical difficulties are encountered during the isolation and purification of the specific messenger RNA (mRNA) needed to synthetize the complementary DNA (cDNA) molecule (1, 4). Last but not least, after having screened many different bacterial clones -- provided that the foreign gene product is not toxic for its host -- it is still a question of good luck to get one clone producing adequate quantities of the biologically active protein of interest, free of contaminants. On the other hand, the low but significant frequency with which eucaryotic cells exposed to fragmented DNA molecules or metaphasic chromosomes phenotypically express a particular marker suggests that this approach might offer an alternative to the bacteria-plasmid system used in "classic" genetic engineering (10, 17, 18, 19). It is the purpose of this work to briefly discuss some of the difficulties involved in this approach and to propose solutions.

Chromosomes↗
PubMed1979

Early clinical differentiation between Legionnaires' disease and other sporadic pneumonias.

Early diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease is difficult because other pathogens cause a similar clinical picture and microbiologic tests are usually only of retrospective value. Since May 1977, 17 patients with sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease have been admitted, all previously well, the diagnosis being made with standard serologic or bacteriologic criteria. From the clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings, we propose criteria that may enable the clinician to make a diagnosis earlier in many cases, differentiating them from other pneumonias. Within 24 hours of admission, any three of the following four features are strongly suggestive of Legionnaires' disease: [1] prodromal "viral" illness, [2] dry cough or confusion or diarrhoea, [3] lymphopenia without marked neutrophilia, [4] hyponatremia. Two thirds of cases had at least three of these features, and no false-positive diagnoses would have been made in other pneumonias that were serologically negative for Legionnaires' disease if these proposed criteria had been applied diagnostically. In the next few days the diagnosis is very likely if microbiologic tests are negative and if there is radiologic extension, abnormal liver function test results, or hypoalbuminemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Legionnaires' disease: a clinical description of thirteen cases.

We describe 13 patients with legionnaires' disease in Nottingham, all presenting with lobar pneumonia. Six patients required artificial ventilation and 2 died. No common source of infection has yet been identified, but the disease appears to be prevalent and possibly endemic in this city.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

A comparative trial of hyposensitization in 1973 in the treatment of hay fever using Pollinex and Alavac-P.

A direct comparison was made in 112 hay fever patients of hyposensitization treatment with glutaraldehyde-pollen-tyrosine adsorbate (Pollinex) and with alum-precipitated pyridine extract (Alavac-P) which is an accepted form of treatment, its efficacy having been shown by a comparative trial against a placebo preparation. No significant difference could be detected between the results of the two forms of treatment. Seventy-seven per cent of patients responded with improvement following treatment with the tyrosine adsorbed vaccine, and 81% of those receiving the alum-precipitated vaccine. Side effects from treatment, both local and general, were generally of an infrequent or mild nature for both vaccines.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

A trial of hyposensitization in 1974/5 in the treatment of hay fever using glutaraldehyde-pollen-tyrosine adsorbate.

One hundred patients with hay fever were treated in 1974/5 with a glutaraldehyde-pollen-tyrosine adsorbate, the response to treatment being assessed at the end of the hay fever season by direct questioning of the patient and examination of a daily record card. Successful results of treatment were recorded in 73% of all patients, results for both years being similar both for patients who had been previously hyposensitized and for those who had not previously received this form of treatment. Side reactions to treatment were generally infrequent or mild, and in only one patient was it necessary to discontinue treatment due to side reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

D. pteronyssinus-tyrosine adsorbate: biological and clinical properties.

Adsorption of D. pteronyssinus on tyrosine gives a depot formulation with retained immunogenicity. Preliminary clinical evaluation of this material showed improvement in the majority of allergic subjects after receipt of the initial six doses, improvement being continued during subsequent maintenance therapy.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1976

Chromosome polymorphism and banding patterns in the owl monkey (Aotus).

Diploid numbers, chromosome morphology, G- and C-banding characterisitics and pelage phenotypes were studied in 330 owl monkeys (Aotus) captured and exported from several parts of South America. Among these animals, seven distinctive karyotypes were recognized by the number of chromosomes and their individual identification by G- and C-banding methods. These seven karyotypes were distributed among four distinctive phenotypes differentiated by color patterns in the pelage. These specific phenotypes were designated in this study with capital letters (A through D) and the karyotypes by Roman numerals (I-VII), followed in parentheses by their diploid number. Specimens with phenotype A originated from Brazil and their karyotypes all conformed to a type designated karyotype I (2n=54). Animals classified as having phenotype B were exported from Colombia and their karyotypes were designated as karyotypes II (2n=54), III (2n=53), IV (2n=52), and V (2n=46). Monkeys received from Peru were designated as phenotype C and karyotype VII (2n=52). A group of owl monkeys received from Bolivia were designated as having karyotype VI (2n=50 male; 2n=49 female). Their distinctive phenotype was labeled D. All males in this sample had a diploid number of 49 and the Y-chromosome was translocated to an autosome.

Animals↗