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Biomedical subjects

A C Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to A C Friedman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Endoscopic laser therapy for carcinoma involving the esophagus: the value of pretreatment computed tomography.

Computed tomographic (CT) scans of the esophagus were performed on 15 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction prior to endoscopic laser therapy (ELT). The scans were evaluated for proximity to adjacent structures, symmetry, and luminal deviation, to help the endoscopist plan the route for therapy. A total of 50 procedures were performed without any serious complications. Pretreatment CT scans are a useful adjunct to ELT for carcinomas of the esophagus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Enterobronchial fistula.

An unusual case of a fistula originating from the jejunum and crossing the diaphragm to involve the pleura and bronchial tree is presented. The presence of the fistula was first suggested on a computed tomographic examination of the chest. An upper gastrointestinal series verified the origin of the fistula.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1987

Pancreatitis presenting as pleural effusions: computed tomography demonstration of pleural space extension of pancreatitis exudate.

Reported are two cases of acute pancreatitis that presented as large pleural effusions in which the route of communication of the pancreatic fossa with the chest was demonstrated on computed tomography. The bloody effusions were right-sided in one case and bilateral in the other. Pleuropulmonary complications of pancreatitis and possible mechanisms for pulmonary involvement are presented.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging in young adults with cystic fibrosis.

It is difficult to distinguish between atelectasis, mucoid impaction, and peribronchial inflammation on chest roentgenograms (CXR) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Differentiation between hilar adenopathy and prominent pulmonary vessels is also sometimes difficult. We studied 16 young adults with CF using both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CXR to evaluate the usefulness of MRI in this clinical context. The same patients were studied with abdominal ultrasound and MRI for evaluation of the pancreas, gallbladder, liver, and spleen. The MRI was superior to CXR in detecting hilar and mediastinal adenopathy and in differentiating nodes from prominent vessels. It was useful in the evaluation of bronchiectasis. The CXR was superior for assessing infiltrates, hyperinflation, sternal bowing, volume loss, and hilar retraction. The MRI was only slightly better than sonography in depicting fatty infiltration of the pancreas. The modalities were equally effective in detecting hepatosplenomegaly and signs of portal hypertension. Gallbladder evaluation was far superior with sonography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Hepatic cavernous hemangioma: diagnosis with 99mTc-labeled red cells and single-photon emission CT.

During the performance of high-resolution real-time abdominal sonography, small echogenic hepatic masses are frequently discovered. A second imaging test to confirm the suspected diagnosis of hemangioma is often required. Planar labeled red-cell imaging will often not detect hemangiomas smaller than 3 cm. We studied 14 patients with labeled red-cell scintigraphy and single-photon emission CT (SPECT). Six hemangiomas were diagnosed by SPECT that would have been missed by planar imaging alone. All six were smaller than 2.5 cm. With the addition of SPECT, labeled red-cell scintigraphy has specificity and sensitivity that make it at least as reliable as dynamic CT for the noninvasive diagnosis of hepatic cavernous hemangioma.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1987

Hepatic infarcts: new observations by CT and sonography.

Until recently hepatic infarcts were rarely diagnosed before autopsy and were nearly always fatal. Four cases of hepatic infarcts, three of them nonfatal, were diagnosed and followed by CT (three cases), sonography (two cases), arteriography (two cases), and sulfur colloid liver-spleen scan (one case). In three patients with multiple subsegmental hepatic infarcts, most of the lesions were round or oval and centrally located. Only a minority of the lesions were wedge-shaped and peripheral. The early lesion appears hypoechoic on sonography, and CT shows a poorly demarcated low-density region. Later, lesions become confluent with more distinct margins. Bile lakes are a late sequela of large infarcts. Gas formation within sterile infarcts is newly described in two cases. Hepatic infarcts have a variable appearance on CT and sonography and are not reliably distinguished from other lesions such as abscess or necrotic neoplasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

MRI of tracheobronchomegaly.

Tracheobronchomegaly, a disorder of uncertain etiology, is manifested by the enlargement of the trachea and mainstem bronchi. While the diagnosis may be suggested on chest radiographs, bronchography in the past has been the definitive diagnostic modality. Recently, however, computed tomography has been used to confirm the diagnosis of TBM. We have now demonstrated TBM using MRI, and, in this patient, have shown it to be as good as CT.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Incidentally discovered carcinoma of the pancreas: a potentially indolent lesion.

As examples of unusually indolent behavior of pancreatic carcinoma, two cases are discussed in which the diagnosis was made serendipitously, without symptoms referable to the pancreas. In both cases dystrophic calcification was noted, and pleomorphic giant cells were aspirated from the tumor. In one case, the patient survived 2 yr after diagnosis, dying from unrelated causes. Findings from ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are discussed. Incidental discovery of a pancreatic carcinoma does not preclude a protracted asymptomatic course.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Intraoperative ultrasonic localization of a small pancreatic pseudocyst.

Intraoperative pancreatic ultrasound can be useful to identify small masses or cysts that are not readily palpable at surgery. In our case, a small (2.0 cm diameter) pseudocyst was demonstrated preoperatively by ultrasound and computed tomography, but could not be palpated at surgery. Intraoperative ultrasound located and helped to guide needle aspiration of the pancreatic pseudocyst. Other indications for intraoperative pancreatic ultrasound are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Scar sign of renal oncocytoma: magnetic resonance imaging appearance and lack of specificity.

This case report illustrates the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of a typically asymptomatic renal oncocytoma as a homogeneous mass of medium signal with a stellate central region of decreased signal, representing the central scar. The MRI was correlated with computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US), and gross pathologic appearance. The appearance of a central scar is not specific for oncocytoma and does not exclude renal cell carcinoma, as illustrated by a second case.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Impact of magnetic resonance on staging of renal carcinoma.

Computerized tomography (CT), ultrasound, and angiography have been used for staging renal cell carcinoma. CT has proven to be the most reliable and sensitive of these techniques. Magnetic resonance (MR) has emerged recently as a viable alternative imaging modality. Five patients with renal cell carcinoma and suspected caval involvement were evaluated by CT, ultrasound, and MR. Caval extension and the differentiation of intra-versus retrocaval tumor was seen with greater clarity on MR scans; perinephric extension was seen equally well with both modalities. The primary tumor itself was better defined with CT. In patients with equivocal findings regarding the renal veins or inferior vena cava, MR is a valuable adjunct in preoperative evaluation. In patients at high risk for contrast administration, MR is the staging modality of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Noninvasive imaging modalities may suggest the diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome but they are rarely diagnostic. Inferior vena cavography, hepatic venography, and liver biopsy, alone or in combination, are usually necessary for definitive diagnosis. Because of its excellent depiction of blood vessels as regions of absent signal, magnetic resonance imaging has the potential to make a noninvasive diagnosis of hepatic vein thrombosis. A case illustrating the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome is presented.

Adult↗