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Biomedical subjects

A C Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to A C Anderson.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Determination of serum gentamicin sulfate levels: ordering patterns and use as a guide to therapy.

Determination of serum gentamicin levels (SGLs) is helpful in monitoring therapy in patients receiving this drug because there is a narrow therapeutic margin and serum levels may vary greatly between patients receiving similar doses. During a ten-month period, definite indications for obtaining SGL determinations were present for 189 of 212 serum samples (89.2%) submitted to the laboratory. However, 110 samples (51.9%) were improperly drawn and results of 85 samples (40.1%) were ignored. Only 26 of the 62 correctly drawn and not ignored samples (41.9%) were appropriately acted on. At most, 42 of the 212 samples (19.8%) were appropriately used in making patient-care decisions. Thus, in this study, an inordinatley large number of SGLs were incorrectly drawn, apparently ignored, or inappropriately used in making patient-care decisions.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trends in environmental health education.

This paper outlines the development of environmental health education from the 1970s to present. Current areas of interest in environmental health are discussed, including hazardous waste management, risk assessment and risk management. Model curricula for each of these subject areas are presented. Future employment opportunities for environmental health specialists are summarized.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arsenic levels in blood, urine, and hair of workers applying monosodium methanearsonate (MSMA).

Uptake and excretion of total arsenic from monosodium methanearsonate (MSMA) in workers who applied the herbicide was followed during the spraying season. Urine, blood, and hair samples were collected and air samples were taken from the workers' breathing zone. Arsenic concentrations in air samples ranged from 0.001-1.086 micrograms/m3. Blood and urine arsenic values ranged from 0.0-0.2 mg/L and 0.002-1.725 mg/L, respectively. The geometric mean arsenic concentration in urine increased during the week but returned to base levels on weekends. Hair arsenic concentrations ranged from 0.02-358.0 mg/kg, increased during the spraying season, and returned to pre-season levels once herbicide application ceased. Three workers had higher than normal pre-exposure hair values. However, only one of the three workers had consistently above normal values throughout the study period.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution and toxicity of monosodium methanearsonate following oral administration of the herbicide to dairy sheep and goats.

Iranian fat-tailed sheep and dairy goats were administered the herbicide monosodium methanearsonate orally at a dose of 10 mg. MSMA (as arsenic) per kg. of body weight. The concentration time curves of MSMA in the blood of sheep and goats followed a first order composite exponential equation of the form: Cb(t) = Ae- alpha t + Be- beta t - C degrees be-kat. Absorption, distribution and elimination of MSMA, therefore, corresponds to an open two-compartment model. Arsenic from MSMA was readily absorbed from gastrointestinal tract and distributed in the body fluids and the various tissues. Approximately 90% of the arsenic was excreted in the urine within 120 hrs and small amounts were also recovered in feces. Arsenic accumulation in the tissues was low and urinary excretion was the most important exit route. Arsenic concentrations in milk were low when compared to the controls, which indicates that arsenic is not excreted in the milk to significant levels. The absorption, distribution and overall elimination rate constants for the two animal species studied were statistically different at the 0.95 level of confidence which indicates that there are apparently differences in MSMA metabolism by sheep and goats.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacy student training in United States hospices.

Hospice is a quickly growing field in health care in the United States. As the pharmacist's role in providing patient care to persons at the end of life increases, considerations should be given for training pharmacy students in this area. The objectives of this study were to examine the frequency of pharmacy student education and training among United States hospice organizations as well as to describe factors of hospice organizations that are associated with pharmacy student training. This is the first study of which we are aware to address the availability of experiential rotations for pharmacy students in hospice programs. A one-page questionnaire was mailed to 3,762 hospice organizations with addresses obtained from the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization (NHPCO). Following two mailings, eight weeks apart, 907 responses were obtained. Ninety-four (10 percent) hospices trained pharmacy students, 246 (27 percent) trained medical students, 357 (39 percent) trained social work students, and 623 (69 percent) trained nursing students. These results indicate that the experiential training needs of United States pharmacy students are being addressed. However, further study is warranted to describe the various experiences of pharmacy students within the hospice setting.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An estimate of the need for environmental health academicians in the workforce.

In July 1987, a workshop was held to evaluate the environmental health workforce. The workshop was sponsored by the Bureau of Health Professions. Health Resources and Services Administration of the Public Health Service. Participants were drawn from State and local agencies, Federal agencies, industry, and academia. Estimates of workforce needs were based on background information and informed consensus judgments of workshop participants. The final report of the workshop was published in January 1988. The authors synthesize some of the consensus judgements and review data from a position paper developed for the workshop. The supply, demand, and projected need for new academicians in environmental health on both graduate and undergraduate levels through 1992 are estimated. These estimates are based on the need for persons trained in the various environmental health subspecialties identified during the workshop. Outlined are the number and educational backgrounds of new faculty required. The types of new training programs that are required to meet the needs for environmental health specialists through 1992 are discussed.

Environmental Health↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Environmental health faculty in schools of public health.

This paper profiles the faculty in schools of public health, particularly in environmental health. There are approximately 1,650 faculty members in schools of public health; 300 of them are in environmental health. The future demand for personnel in environmental health appears to be for generalists, as well as specialists in toxicology, epidemiology, environmental chemistry and biology, industrial hygiene, vector control, and institutional environments. These demands will require new and updated programs and additional faculty. While PhD scientists and engineers (the pool of potential new faculty) are increasingly being drawn to industry rather than academia, new personnel for faculty positions are expected to be available in the market.

Adult↗