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Biomedical subjects

A Bush

Publications and source records attributed to A Bush.

250 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The use of oxygen and prostacyclin as pulmonary vasodilators in congenital heart disease.

We have obtained dose-response curves for the effects of prostacyclin on the pulmonary and systemic circulations of 10 patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital heart disease. With the subjects breathing air, prostacyclin caused statistically significant, pulmonary and systemic vasodilation. When the patients breathed 100% oxygen, pulmonary blood flow rose and pulmonary vascular resistance fell with no significant change in pulmonary artery pressure. Prostacyclin had a small additional vasodilator effect, but this did not reach statistical significance. Prostacyclin may be of some use in the assessment of the reversibility of an elevated pulmonary vascular resistance when surgery for the underlying congenital heart defect is being contemplated.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Some observations on the role of the abdomen in breathing in patients on peritoneal dialysis.

We studied a total of 29 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), who had no present or past respiratory impairment, before and after drainage of dialysate (2.324 +/- SE 0.033 litres). We measured spirometry, lung volumes and carbon monoxide transfer sitting and supine in 20 patients. The only statistically significant changes on drainage were a small increase in supine functional residual capacity (+214 +/- SE 61 ml, P less than 0.01) and a small fall in supine peak expiratory flow rate (-26.6 +/- SE 12.1 litres/min, P less than 0.05). Measurement of maximal mouth and transdiaphragmatic pressures in ten patients made under the same circumstances showed no statistically significant changes on drainage. A model of the abdomen demonstrates that fluid distension is likely to be better tolerated than gaseous distension, and review of previous studies suggests that a wide range of changes in intraabdominal fluid volume can be tolerated without respiratory embarrassment. These results suggest that fluid volumes used for CAPD do not interfere with breathing in patients with previously normal lungs. The nature of the mechanisms compensating for the fluid suggests that patients with chest disease should be able to tolerate this form of dialysis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

Basal, sham feed and pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid, pepsin and electrolytes after omeprazole 20 mg and 40 mg daily.

Gastric secretion was measured in nine patients with duodenal ulcer before, and after treatment for four weeks with omeprazole 20 mg or 40 mg daily. Basal acidity and acid output were affected variably by 20 mg, but inhibited totally by 40 mg daily. Sham feed stimulated acid output was reduced by 20 mg daily and completely inhibited by 40 mg daily. Maximal pentagastrin stimulated acid output was halved by 20 mg omeprazole daily and 84% inhibited by 40 mg daily. The reduction in acidity was always greater than the reduction of volume. Pepsin output after pentagastrin was little altered but with the reduced secretory volume pepsin concentrations were increased by both doses. The major cause of reduced aspirate acid output after omeprazole is decreased secretion of the primary acid component of the parietal cell by the proton pump H+K+ ATPase. Duodenogastric alkaline reflux is, however, markedly increased after omeprazole and is an additional factor in the resultant hypoacidity or even anacidity after this drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cancer in uremic patients.

We have studied the notes of 834 uremic patients. Five developed malignant disease whilst uremic, an incidence of 0.6%. Two other patients developed carcinoid tumors. The number of observed cancers in this series is lower than the expected incidence of cancer (p less than 0.05). We conclude that the uremic state does not predispose to malignancy.

Adolescent↗