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Biomedical subjects

A Burlina

Publications and source records attributed to A Burlina.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Occurrence of an atypical alkaline phosphatase fraction ("biliary") in primary liver cancer.

The appearance and clinical significance of an atypical fraction of serum alkaline phosphatase called "biliary" have been evaluated in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) and control subjects. The "biliary" fraction was present in all 42 PLC patients and proved to be the most sensitive of the biochemical parameters utilized. The association with alpha-fetoprotein determination allowed us to identify patients affected by hepatic pathology of neoplastic type, with a diagnostic efficiency of 92%.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Actual role of pepsinogen group I in the study of upper gastrointestinal diseases.

The role of serum PG I in screening patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer, and in detecting peptic ulcer patients with high relapse risk, was ascertained in 276 subjects. Although not diagnostic per se, PG I was found to be under 20 micrograms/L in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and in some gastric cancer or partially gastrectomized patients. In patients presenting with relapsing duodenal ulcer, PG I values were significantly higher than in the non-relapsing ones, but a satisfactory identification of all the duodenal ulcer patients with high relapse risk was not possible on this basis. Even the correlation between PG I and MAO was not accurate in every subject considered. These results suggest that the value of PG I is limited to assessing patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases in which a reduction of peptic secretion, and therefore of PG I in serum, is present.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1983

Serum pancreatic enzyme alterations in acute viral hepatitis.

In a group of 167 patients with acute viral hepatitis (AVH), 11 with type A hepatitis, 125 with type B and 31 type non A, non B, the following enzymes were studied: serum amylase (S-AMY) and its isoenzymes (pancreatic and salivary type), urinary amylase (U-AMY), serum lipase (S-TGL) and serum immunoreactive trypsin (i-TRY). In all groups of patients, in the acute phase of illness, a significant increase in S-AMY was observed, in particular in hepatitis type B and non A, non B (p less than 0.001). An increase in U-AMY excretion was recorded in patients with type A hepatitis. S-TGL levels were significantly higher in all groups, especially in patients with type A hepatitis. i-TRY was only slightly higher in patients with hepatitis A and non A, non B. S-AMY isoenzymes showed a peculiar pattern: the pancreatic type (2) of isoamylase was found to be prevalent in 66% of patients with AVH while in controls the salivary type (1) was prevalent in most cases. Pancreatic enzyme alterations correlated neither with laboratory hepatic function tests nor with the clinical syndrome. These results suggest that a pancreatic injury is not uncommon in AVH, although it is seldom severe.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Radioimmunoassay of trypsin-like substance in human serum.

A radioimmunological method for circulating trypsin-like substances was set up, using cathodic trypsin (isolated from human pancreas) as immunogen, reference standard and material to label, and bovine serum to stabilize the system. The assay scheme included a bound-free separation by polyethylene-glycol precipitation after a 1-h incubation at room temperature. Some relevant points emerged from the validation experiments: a) the assay proved simple and reliable, meeting both requirements of a prompt clinical response and of a high sensitivity level (1.5 ng/ml or less); b) evidence was added to the view that cathodic trypsinogen is the immunoassayable species present in the blood stream; c) the parallelism of the radioimmunological responses of cathodic trypsin and trypsinogen demonstrated that a self-consistent analytical information may be derived using either references; d) the absence of detectable amounts of trypsin-like substances in sera from totally-pancreatectomized patients (3 cases) indirectly confirmed the organ-specificity of the measurement; e) a "normal" level of 27 +/- 8 ng trypsin equivalent/ml (X +/- SD, n = 82) resulted: some much higher literature data, all related to a single radioimmunoassay system (RIA-Gnost trypsin kit, Hoechst, FRG), are seemingly explained by the different purity observed for the reference materials.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Serum immunoreactive trypsin in cystic fibrosis.

Immuno-reactive trypsin (IR-TRY) level has been measured by RIA in 185 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) aged between 4 days and 34 years. The correlation of IR-TRY values with age and functional state of pancreas have been studied. The interpretation of the data have been put forward on the basis of possibilities of neonatal screening.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Improved electrophoretic separation of creatine kinase isoenzymes.

Creatine kinase isoenzymes are separated electrophoretically on cellulose acetate, with use of an improved procedure for reactivation and visualization of enzymic activity. N-Acetyl cysteine is used as the reactivator and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide for visualization in a tetrazolium-coupled system. This test, both practical and reliable, is a suitable alternative to chromatographic or immunochemical assay. The method allows: (a) detection of the MB isoenzyme on the basis of its electrophoretic migration, (b) confirmation of results obtained with other methods, particularly by immunoinhibition, and (c) detection of atypical bands of possible diagnostic significance in addition to the recognized fractions.

Blood Protein Electrophoresis↗
PubMed1979

Liposome-incorporated enzymes: studies on amylase.

Alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) from hog pancreas was incorporated into artificial phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine liposomes. To kinetically follow the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of amylose the liposome-bound amylase was incubated in a medium containing amylose-iodine substrate. The reaction was studied at different concentrations of amylose and at different ionic strengths. Activation of amylase incorporated into liposomes by chloride ions varies with the type of phospholipid utilized to prepare the liposomes. Whe amylase bound to negative charged liposomes was used, a sigmoidal relationship between the reaction velocity and substrate concentration was found. Incorporation into liposomes protects amylase from heat inactivation.

Amylases↗
PubMed1978

Studies on alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in hepatic diseases. Relation to gamma-glutamyltransferase.

Isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma GT) have been studied in patients with increased total ALP. Fractionation of alkaline phosphatase yielded clinical information which could not be obtained by determination ALP and gamma GT alone. 1. There was a high degree of correlation between isoALP 1 (biliary band) and total gamma GT. 2. The ALP2 fraction increases after cytolysis in acute and chronic hepatitis. 3. A new ALP4 fraction appears, probably due to fibroblastic activity, in some histological types of cirrhosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in liver cirrhosis.

The study of a group of 114 hepatic patients allowed us to demonstrate the presence of an isophosphatase band, called ALP4, which can be of value as an index of evolutive cirrhosis. A certain correlation between the presence of this alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme in serum and histological evidence of moderate or extreme inflammatory response in liver biopsies was shown.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

Improved method for fractionating gamma-glutamyltransferase by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate.

I describe a method of fractionating gamma-glutamyltransferase on cellulose acetate. The tracing is obtained in parallel with that of serum protein, and the gamma-glutamyltransferase bands are characterized by correspondence with the major protein fractions. The overall pattern of the isoenzyme activity in normal sera is one of activity in the alpha1- and alpha2-globulin regions. In hepatic diseases four bands are usually present, but some more specific observations are possible, e.g., the presence of an intense beta-globulin band in occlusive icterus, intra- or extrahepatic, and a marked alpha2-globulin band in alcoholism. The potentialities of this technique as a diagnostic and prognostic aid together with its simplicity prompt me to recommend its use in the clinical laboratory.

Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate↗
PubMed1977

Clinical importance of lipase determination by the turbidimetric procedure as compared with determination by a chromatrographic procedure.

The turbidimetric determination of serum lipase activity was compared with the chromatographic determination in three groups of patients, including patients affected by hepatic diseases, patients affected by pancreatic diseases and a control group. The two methods were also compared in the determination of lipase activity of human leucocytes in vitro. The results show that there is a good statistical correlation of lipase turbidimetrically determined at pH 9.15 and amylase in serum of normal individuals and in serum of patients with pancreatic diseases. There is no correlation between amylase and chromatographically determined lipase. The other types of lipase activity determined, i.e. turbidimetrically assayed at pH 5.5 and chromatographically assayed both at pH 5.5 and at pH 9.15, might be related to a different non-pancreatic enzymatic activity which is likely to lack diagnostic value. This suggests that methods of lipase determination based, for instance, on fatty acid liberation are of limited value in clinical studies on lipase.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Characteristics and behaviour of arylesterase in human serum and liver.

Human arylesterase is localized in liver microsomes where the presence of different electrophoretic bands corresponding to the serum bands can be recognized. Serum arylesterase is mainly a result of liver activity and its high level might be explained by a low rate of elimination in urine. The behaviour of arylesterase towards inhibitors shows certain similarities to that of some of the proteases, such as trypsin. The clinical value of serum arylesterase determination in assessing liver function is confirmed by its isoenzyme behaviour in cirrhosis and porto-caval shunt.

Adolescent↗