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Biomedical subjects

A Bundgaard

Publications and source records attributed to A Bundgaard.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

A double-blind controlled trial of elemental diet in severe, perennial asthma.

In a double-blind controlled trial 41 hospitalized adults with severe, perennial asthma of unknown aetiology were allocated to either an antigen-free elemental diet (Vivasorb) or control diet, i.e. blended ordinary hospital food, for 2 weeks. At the time of entry into the trial all patients were in an active but stable phase of the disease. Medical treatment was given throughout the study as clinically indicated. Peak expiratory flow was measured hourly during the daytime and patients noted their symptoms daily on an assessment form. Validation of variables according to a scoring system indicated that the elemental diet resulted in an improvement of the patients asthma (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that elemental diet may serve as a diagnostic tool for disclosing alimentary intolerance in patients with perennial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Incidence of exercise-induced asthma in adult asthmatics.

One-hundred and fourteen adults (48 males, 66 females, average age 35.5 years, range 16-61 years) were tested for bronchial asthma. Eighty-nine were given the clinical diagnosis asthma bronchiale. Of these 89 patients (76%) had exercise-induced fall in PEF. Twenty-one (24%) showed no fall in PEF. The incidence of exercise-induced fall in PEF was the same among patients with extrinsic as among patients with intrinsic asthma. Out of 25, in whom the clinical diagnosis asthma bronchiale was not confirmed, only one patient had exercise-induced fall in PEF. This patient had chronic bronchitis. Twelve adults without any disease showed no fall in PEF. after exercise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The importance of ventilation in exercise-induced asthma.

The degree of post treadmill-running decrease in pulmonary function (Exercise-Induced Asthma) in 11 adult asthmatics was compared with the decrease in pulmonary function followed by resting isocapnic hyperventilation. It was checked that ventilation during the hyperventilation was kept identical to the ventilation during treadmill-running by continuous recording of respiratory frequency, minute ventilation, tidal volume and accumulated ventilation. The temperature of the inspired air was identical in the two situations and the relative humidity was 40% during treadmill-running and 15% during hyperventilation. The average accumulated ventilation during treadmill-running and hyperventilation was 411 1/6 min in both events. The decrease in peak expiratory flow after treadmill-running was 25% and after isocapnic hyperventilation 24%. It is concluded that the ventilation is of more importance for the decrease in pulmonary function after exercise, than the work load.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Terbutaline depot tablets in asthma. A clinical evaluation.

A sustained release preparation of terbutaline sulphate has been formulated (Bricanyl depot tablets) in order to extend the duration and accordingly change the dosage regimen to twice a day. This presentation gives a summary of a clinical trial performed in order to study effect and side effects of terbutaline depot tablets 7.5 mg twice a day compared to terbutaline tablets 5 mg three times a day. Patients suffering from perennial asthma and with daily requirement of asthma medicine were accepted for the study. The trial was a double-blind cross-over, double dummy and randomized. The tablets were given in two consecutive periods of 7 day's duration each. The effect of terbutaline depot tablets was equal to the effect of the ordinary terbutaline tablets. The indication for using depot tablets in the basic treatment of bronchial asthma is a better patient compliance due to medication twice a day. Furthermore in patients with unstable bronchial asthma and in patients with morning dips in PEF the more stable plasma concentration may perhaps keep the patients in a more steady state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Pretreatment of exercise-induced asthma in adults with aerosols and pulverized tablets.

Eighteen adult asthmatics took part in a double-blind crossover study comparing the effect on exercise-induced asthma (EIA) of pretreatment with aerosolized 1) disodium cromoglycate (DSCG), 2) ipratropium bromide (IPTB), 3) fenoterol, 4) DSCG + IPTB and 5) saline. EIA was completely blocked by pretreatment with the beta 2-agonist, fenoterol. The protective effect of nebulized DSCG and IPTB given alone could not be distinguished from that of isotonic saline. The combination of DSCG and IPTB reduced the post-exercise bronchoconstriction more than any of the two drugs given separately. Thirteen of the 18 patients went on to a double-blind cross-over study of the effect on EIA of pretreatment with the usually recommended dosages off salbutamol, theophylline and their combination administered as pulverized tablets. Seven patients were withdrawn from this part of the study because of side-effects, and in the remaining six none of the oral pretreatments could be distinguished from placebo, despite serum theophylline concentrations within or above the commonly recommended therapeutical range.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Maximal oxygen consumption rate in patients with bronchial asthma-the effect of beta 2-adrenoreceptor stimulation.

Five young male patients with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) were subjected to graded bicycle exercise with work loads corresponding to 50%, 75% and 120% of the load necessary to elicit maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2 max). The exercise tests were performed after inhalation of salbutamol (Ventoline) as well as after inhalation of saline as control. Additionally two maximal work tests (bicycling and treadmill) were performed without inhalation on a work load corresponding to 100% Vo2 max. Oxygen uptake (Vo2) heart rate (HR), mean blood pressure (MBP), rating of perceived exertion (RPE) as well as arterial concentration of glucose and acid-base variables were measured. Vo2 max during bicycle exercise averaged 3.16 l/min and no significant difference was disclosed between the beta 2-stimulation and the control situations. The coefficient of variation of a single Vo2 max measurement was 4.7%. The maximal treadmill running revealed a significantly higher Vo2 max (3.42 l/min, P less than 0.05) than during bicycling; no EIA was provoked in any of the experiments. After beta 2-stimulation a higher HR and MBP in relation to Vo2 was observed than in the control experiment; however, the slope of HR/Vo2 and MBP/Vo2 relationships was not affected. Normal relationships were observed between Vo2 and work load, ventilation, RPE and acid-base data and these relations were unaffected of beta 2-stimulation. It is concluded, that Vo2 max seems to be within the normal range in asthmatics, provided they are free from attacks.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Exercise and the asthmatic.

Physical exercise is not hazardous to asthmatics. Some asthmatics may benefit from physical training, and almost all asthmatics can perform any kind of physical exercise. Free running was earlier thought to induce more asthma than swimming, for example; however, when ventilation is identical during running and swimming, the exercise-induced asthma will also be the same. Hyperventilation alone is as good as physical exercise to induce exercise-induced asthma. If the physical exercise provokes an asthmatic attack, this is most often easily reversed by inhaled beta 2-agonists. Pretreatment of exercise-induced asthma is most efficient by inhaled beta 2-agonist; orally dosed beta 2-agonist is not as efficient as inhaled beta 2-agonist in the pretreatment of exercise-induced asthma. Inhaled sodium cromoglycate diminishes exercise-induced asthma, and the effect seems to be better in children than in adults. Inhaled steroids have no immediate effect on exercise-induced asthma, but long term treatment with steroids diminishes exercise-induced asthma. The pathogenesis of exercise-induced asthma remains obscure. If the water content is low in the inhaled air, e.g. in cold air, the changes in ventilatory capacity following exercise. will be greater than when the exercise is performed while inhaling hot air with high humidity. Almost all asthmatics present changes in the ventilatory capacity following exercise. Seasonal changes in exercise-induced asthma are only present in asthmatics with seasonal allergies, e.g. pollen allergy. No diurnal variation is found in exercise-induced asthma. Asthmatics can do any form of physical exercise. Almost all asthmatics can prevent major changes in ventilatory capacity by pretreatment of exercise-induced asthma or be treated for exercise-induced asthma during the physical activity so that they will not suffer from asthma while performing physical exercise. Asthmatics who have been successfully treated for exercise-induced asthma can do physical exercise at the same level as non-asthmatics. Asthmatic children in particular should be encouraged to perform any sport they like, as the physiological and psychological effects may be beneficial to them. It is concluded that almost all asthmatics have exercise-induced asthma, and that physical training may be beneficial. Exercise-induced asthma is best treated and pretreated by inhalation of beta 2-agonists.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of exercise on nasal airflow resistance in healthy subjects and in patients with asthma and rhinitis.

We studied the effect of exercise on nasal airflow resistance (Rnaw) and the relationship between exercise-induced asthma (EIA) and Rnaw. Rnaw was obtained by measurement of flow through the nose and mouth (in series) at constant inflow pressure. In seven healthy subjects, there were statistically significant decreases in Rnaw (39.5 +/- 6.3 and 49.0 +/- 8.2%; p less than 0.05) and no change in forced expired volume immediately after exercise on a bicycle ergometer at both 75 W and 100 W, but there was no significant difference between these two resistance changes. At 75 W, Rnaw returned to pre-exercise level at 15-20 min after exercise. At 100 W, Rnaw remained below the pretest value 30 min after exercise. In eleven asthmatics, treadmill running for 1, 2 and 6 min caused significant decreases (p less than 0.05) in Rnaw up to 44.8 +/- 3.3%, reaching levels similar to those of controls after exercise. With 6 min exercise, four of nine patients developed EIA; these subjects had allergic rhinitis as well, and recovery to pretest valued tended to be quicker than in those without EIA. In healthy subjects at both ergometer workloads, there was a rebound increase in Rnaw in 40-50% of the subjects appearing 20-30 min after exercise. In the patients, there was a rebound increase in Rnaw in about 60% of the subjects 5-10 min after exercise. Both for healthy subjects and patients, the rebound increase in Rnaw was smaller at the higher workloads.

Adolescent↗