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A Bryskier

Publications and source records attributed to A Bryskier.

123 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[HPLC study of the inhibition of enterobacterial cephalosporinases by cefmenoxime].

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has shown that cefmenoxime and cefotaxime are stable to the cephalosporinase of Enterobacter cloacae P99 , Morganella morganii GN 1510 and Serratia liquefaciens 132. They are significantly resistant to hydrolysis by 100 cephalosporinase units (cephalosporinase production of 10(12) bacterial). Cefmenoxime and cefotaxime are also inhibitors of cephalosporinase at the concentration of 5.10-10 micrograms per 10-10 unit of enzyme.

Cefmenoxime↗
PubMed1984

[In vitro study of the synergistic effect of cefmenoxime-aminoglycoside combinations apropos of 148 strains of Enterobacteriaceae].

The synergistic effect of cefmenoxime -aminoglycoside combinations against 148 Enterobacteriaceae strains selected for their resistance to beta-lactams was studied. Against the 89 Enterobacteriaceae with cefmenoxime MICs greater than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, the rates of synergy were high : 73 % (netilmicin), 67 % (amikacin), 64 % (gentamicin) and 56 % (tobramycin). In contrast, cefmenoxime-susceptible strains (CMI less than 2 micrograms/ml) had lower rates : 47 % (gentamicin), 44 % (tobramycin), 43 % (netilmicin), and 42 % (amikacin). Synergistic effects on these bacteria are correlated to cefalotin resistance.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1984

[Classification of beta-lactams].

Redefinition of beta-lactams is needed as the many ongoing investigations produce an ever-increasing number of molecules. At the time being, there are four groups of beta-lactams: penams, cephems, penems, and monolactams.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Evaluation of the clinical activity of cefotiam (SCE 963). Multicentric study in 7 centers].

Cefotiam (SCE 963), a new, broad-spectrum, third generation cephalosporin was used in the treatment of 136 patients suffering from respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, septicemia, meningitis, biliary tract infections and osteoarthritis infections. Cefotiam was administered in monotherapy to 98 patients at the mean posology of two grams per day (extreme doses: 1 to 6 g). The following clinical effectiveness was noted: 83 successes and 18 failures on 101 available clinical reports. The general, biological tolerance and renal tolerance was good in all patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[In vitro antibacterial activity of cefmenoxime (SCE 1365)].

617 clinical isolates were tested, 592 of which were from hospital source. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of cefmenoxime were determined by a microtiter dilution method, using Mueller-Hinton broth. The results obtained give a 92% agreement with the reference agar-dilution method. Cefmenoxime shows a potent activity against Enterobacteriaceae (n = 420): the modal MIC is less than or equal to 0,03 mg/l, and 90% of them are inhibited by 1 mg/l. Some isolates require a higher concentration, above 32 mg/l: Enterobacter (8%), indole-positive Proteus (13%), Serratia (3%), Citrobacter (3%). Pseudomonas (n = 71) and Acinetobacter (n = 62) appear to be less susceptible than Enterobacteriaceae. The modal MIC is 16 mg/l and the concentration inhibiting 90% of the isolates is above 32 mg/l. The modal MIC of cefmenoxime against Staphylococcus aureus (n = 64) is 1 mg/l, and 90% of the strains belonging to this species are inhibited by 32 mg/l.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1983

[In vitro bacteriostatic activity of cefmenoxime (SCE 1365), cefotaxime and moxalactam].

The in vitro activity of cefmenoxime (SCE 1365), a new cephalosporin derivate was compared with two other "third generation" cephalosporins: cefotaxime and moxalactam. Cefmenoxime as cefotaxime and moxalactam were very active against 305 cephalosporinase-producing and cephalosporinase-non-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Cefmenoxime was the most active against Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter freundii, Morganella morganii, Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia enterocolitica with a mean MIC at least twice lower. Several strains of the species Hafnia alvei, Providencia stuartii and Proteus vulgaris were more resistant. Against Haemophilus influenzae, the activity of the three cephalosporins was higher with a mean MIC between 0,030 and 0,040 microgram/ml. Against carbenicillin-sensible or carpenicillin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, the three cephalosporins were not performant. Against Staphylococcus aureus, cefmenoxime and cefotaxime had an identical activity with a mean MIC of 1,5 microgram/ml against methicillin-sensible strains and a mean MIC of 5,5 micrograms/ml against methicillin-resistant strains.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

[In vitro activity of cefmenoxime (SCE 1365) against 616 hospital strains of gram-negative bacilli chosen for beta-lactam resistance. Comparison with cefotaxime, lamoxactam and ceftazidime].

The in vitro activity of a new cephalosporin, cefmenoxime, was tested by an agar dilution procedure against 616 strains of Gram negative rods resistant to various beta-lactams and was compared with that of cefotaxime, lamoxactam, ceftazidime (and cefsulodin against P. aeruginosa). A high activity was demonstrated on many species of tested Enterobacteriaceae including E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. marcescens, E. cloacae resistant to the first generation cephalosporins, Proteus sp., Providencia and C. freundii, with MIC geometric mean values from 0,028 to 0,33 microgram by ml. These values were nearly similar to those given by cefotaxime or lamoxactam and inferior to those given by ceftazidime. Cefmenoxime however showed a low activity (MIC geometric means from 19,5 to 25,5 micrograms by ml) against E. cloacae resistant to second generation cephalosporins (the better agent was lamoxactam), A. calcoaceticus (the better agent was ceftazidime) and carbenicillin-resistant P. aeruginosa (here ceftazidime and cefsulodin gave better performances).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

[Comparative activity of cefsulodin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae (author's transl)].

Cefsulodin, a new semi-synthetic cephalosporin, is characterized by its activity against P. aeruginosa. In this study the authors compared this new molecule with other four betalactamines, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, azlocillin and mezlocillin, and two aminoglycosides, amikacin and netilmicin. Two hundred and forty five strains studied were 100 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 20 Acinetobacter, 42 Proteus, 21 Serratia, 22 Enterobacter, 20 Klebsiella and 20 E. coli. One hundred twenty strains of these showed carbenicillin resistant phenotype. MIC were determined by the agar dilution method. Cefsulodin was only active on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. MICs were at least 16 mg/l in the other species. On carbenicillin susceptible P. aeruginosa strains, the average MIC of cefsulodin, amikacin and netilmicin was 1 mg/l, and MICs of azlocillin, mezlocillin, ticarcillin and carbenicillin were 4-8 mg/l, 8 mg/l, 16 mg/l and 32 mg/l, respectively. On carbenicillin resistant P. aeruginosa, ticarcillin and mezlocillin were not effective and MICs of azlocillin and cefsulodin were 16 mg/l and 4-8 mg/l, respectively. However, MICs were between 64 and 128 mg/l in 20 p. cent of carbenicillin resistant strains.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1981

[Role of Clostridium and its toxin in pseudo-membranous colitis (author's transl)].

At present many authors consider that pseudo-membranous colitis is of bacterial origin. The main pathogenic agent is Clostridium difficile. It is not easy to isolate this organism in the stool, selective media are under study. It liberates a lipo-glycoprotein exotoxin during lysis. It is only partially purified, its structure is not fully elucidated. Its molecular weight is not yet precisely determined. It consists of several polymerised polypeptide fragments of molecular weight 50 000. It is a thermolabile acid and alkaline sensitive cytotoxin which acts on the cell membranes and the ileo-caeco-colonic mucosa of man and animals. Clostridium difficile is transmissible by a small number of high risk carrier subjects who are potentially patients with pseudo-membranous colitis. Antibiotic therapy may lead to unbalance of the ecosystem represented by the bacterial flora of the digestive tract and favour the multiplication of a resistant strain to the administered antibiotic. The appearance of pseudo-membranous colitis requires the association of sufficient bacterial development (equal or greater than 10(7) germs per gram of stools) and the liberation of a cytotoxin. The pathogenic treatment consists of antibiotic therapy by Vancomycin or Metronidazole which seems, at present, the most active on the germs and a toxin absorbent, such as Cholestyramine, Coliptol hydrochloride or Heavy metals.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of rheumatoid factors on results for determination of antitoxoplasms IgM antibodies by immunofluorescence and agglutination technics (author's transl)].

Simultaneous presence of antitoxoplasm IgG antibodies and of rheumatoid factors gives rise to an IgM-type immunofluorescence reaction in 44 p. cent of cases. Three experiments showed that association of the two antibodies can give rise to false positives in the Remington test ; the mixture of the two antibodies renders the reaction positive in the majority of cases. On the other hand, after absorption of negative rheumatoid factors and separation of serum IgM and IgG, IgM fluorescence is no longer seen ; if they are again mixed, then a positive reaction will result. Interference of antitoxoplasm IgG antibodies and rheumatoid factors does not occur in direct toxoplasm agglutination tests. The presence of the rheumatoid factor is rare in the pregnant female. Nevertheless, it is necessary to test for rheumatoid factors using the latex test. If results are here positive, then serum should be absorbed on aggregated human IgG and the Remington test repeated. The probably rare simultaneous presence of antitoxoplasm IgG antibodies and of rheumatoid factors cannot be differentiated from these false positives without fractionation of the serum, separating IgM and IgG.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-pseudomonal activity of HR 810.

The anti-pseudomonal activity of HR 810, a new 2-aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, was compared to that of carbenicillin, azlocillin and cefsulodin against 187 non-fermenters. HR 810 was the best agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus with an MIC50 less than or equal to 4 mg/l and an MIC90 less than or equal to 16 mg/l. It was as effective as azlocillin against Pseudomonas stutzeri and Pseudomonas mendocina, with an MIC50 less than or equal to 0.25 mg/l and an MIC90 less than or equal to 1 mg/l. It was not active against other species of Pseudomonas or other non-fermenters such as Flavobacterium sp.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Septicemia due to polyresistant Staphylococcus aureus (author's transl)].

The efficiency of vancomycin hydrochloride in the treatment of septicemia due to polyresistant aureus staphylococcus is illustrated by the observation of a patient affected with a necrotic and hemorrhagic acute pancreatitis and post-operative septicemic syndrome, which has been cured after a one-month treatment with a daily dose of two grammes. The vancomycin hydrochloride, because of its potential toxicity on the kidneys and cochlea should be reserved to the treatment of major staphylococcic infections. It could be prescribed either alone or in association, with a mean daily dose of 30 milligrammes a kilo, slowly administered by intravenous way. The side effects are prevented by adjusting the doses in case of renal insufficiency and by controlling the serous concentrations in case of a long continued treatment.

Adult↗