The moral decision: notes on pastoral counselling.
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Counseling↗
Biomedical subjects
A Brusco
Publications and source records attributed to A Brusco.
Postnatal changes in the activity ratio of specific and nonspecific cholinesterases from neuronal perikarya.
A soluble fraction from rat brain neuronal perikarya was shown to contain both the specific and nonspecific forms of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (EC's 3.1.1.7. and 3.1.1.8., respectively). The ratio of the enzyme activities varied along the course of brain development: the nonspecific form being predominant from 1 to 15 days of age and the specific one showing the pattern of rising activity from day 15 onward. We suggest a possible relationship between this changing in cholinesterase activities and the establishment of synapses within the rat cerebral cortex.
Acetylcholinesterase↗
Ontogenesis of muscarinic receptors and acetylcholinesterase activity in various areas of chick brain.
Muscarinic receptors, labeled with [3H]quinuclidinyl benzylate ([3H]QNB), and acetylcholinesterase activity were studied in five areas of the developing chick brain: (1) hyperstriatum and neostriatum, (2) paleostriatum, (3) optic lobes, (4) mesodiencephalon and (5) cerebellum. The protein content of these areas, expressed as mg/g tissue and total protein, was determined between day -10 and adulthood. Differences in both determinations were observed among the areas. The binding of [3H]QNB was expressed as density (fmol/mg protein) and total number of receptors (fmol/total protein) in the area. Considerable variations were observed among the areas. The cerebellum showed the lowest receptor density and a large decrease in density and total number of receptors in the adult, which may reflect a change in neuronal population. Acetylcholinesterase, in certain areas, accompanied the changes in receptor concentration, but the timing and rate of increase had special features in each case. The most striking one was the cerebellum, in which the enzyme increased steadily postnatally, while the muscarinic receptors dropped to very low values.
Acetylcholinesterase↗
[The electrical resistance and impedance of mammalian muscles during the first days after slaughter. I: bovine diaphragm].
In the view of characterizing the animal tissues with respect to their physical properties, the AA. have investigated on the behaviour of the electrical responses of bovine diaphragmatic muscle. In particolar the resistance and the impedance (at a fixed frequency of 20 Hz, sinusoidal wave) have been checked in samples from the 4th up to the 148th hour after slaughter. The results of these experiments show that, during the maturation of the meat, there is a decrease of the values of the resistance and of the capacitive reactance. On the basis of the data acquired, the only hypothesis explaining the course of the research could be that the electrical properties of the meat are greatly influenced in a very relevant way by capacitive structures and in lower degree by a pure resistive medium.
Animals↗
[The electrical resistance and impedance of mammalian muscles during the first days after slaughtering. II: femoral biceps of swine].
The Authors continuing a program of research on the characterization of physical properties of muscular tissues of Mammalia after slaughtering, have performed a new series of observations on the electrical conductance of femoral biceps of swine. Using two groups of specimen (one cut along the axis of the muscular fibers, the other at right angle of them), the AA. checked different values of resistance and of impedance, particularly during the first hours. On the contrary in the final stage of the research the data are quite similar in both the groups of samples. In the comment has taken into account the hypothesis that, on the basis of changes in the tissue structures, electrochemical processes could explain the results.
Animals↗
Neural and astroglial effects of a chronic parachlorophenylalanine-induced serotonin synthesis inhibition.
Serotonin (5HT) is one of the classical neurotransmitters expressed earlier in the embryonic rat brain, and it was proposed as a developmental signal in the central nervous system. In the adult brain, 5HT seems to be involved in neuronal plasticity. It was postulated that S-100 protein, a glial neurotrophic factor, could be modulated by 5HT probably through the glial 5HT1A receptors. In a model of chronic inhibition of endogenous 5HT synthesis produced by the daily administration of parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) for 2 wk, we have studied by immunohistochemical methods and digital morphometric analysis the expression of two proteins present in rat brain astrocytes: glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein. The effectiveness of the PCPA treatment was tested by the use of specific anti-5HT antibodies that showed absence of 5HT fibers in 5HT innervation areas like frontal cortex and hippocampus. Different effects of PCPA treatment on serotoninergic raphe nuclei were observed: dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) seemed to be more sensitive to the PCPA's action than ventral raphe nucleus (VRN). In DRN and in the two 5HT innervation areas studied, glial cells responded to the 5HT depletion induced by PCPA showing astrocytes with large and tortuous processes. Astrocytes from 5HT-depleted regions showed higher immunostaining for S-100 protein than controls. There was not any modification in optical density of S-100 protein immunostaining in VRN, the area less sensitive to PCPA treatment. These observations indicated that astrocytes are sensitive to the 5HT level, and in presence of low 5HT concentration in the intercellular space, astrocytes could react by synthesizing glial proteins like GFAP and S-100 protein.
Animals↗
[Formation and evolution of development groups].
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Canada↗
[Group B vitamins in some typical Italian cheese: Parmigiano-reggiano, Pecorino romano and Gorgonzola (author's transl)].
The levels of Vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, PP and Calcium pantothenate were determined in typical italian cheese: Parmigiano-reggiano, Pecorino romano and Gorgonzola. The authors avaluated vitamin contents different from product; to product these differences being possibly due to both similar quantitative diversities of the milk, used and to particular variations associated with the processing techniques.
Cheese↗
[Molecular genetics of X-linked primary immunodeficiencies: advances in diagnosis and prevention].
Over the past 2 years, progress in medical genetics has brought about major advances in the field of primary immunodeficiencies. The genes underlying four X-linked defects in humans (X-linked agammaglobulinemia-XLA, X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency-XSCID, hyper IgM syndrome-HIGM1, and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome- WAS), have recently been identified. These syndromes are all associated with increased susceptibility to infections due to defects of cell mediated and/or humoral immunity. The X-linked disorders described here are due to mutations in genes whose products are involved in fundamental steps in the development and maturation of lymphoid cells. XLA results from a defect in a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that is likely to be involved in a lineage-specific pathway of growth signal transduction. XSCID is due to a defect of the subunit gamma, common to a family of multichain lymphokine receptors (i.e., IL-2R; IL-4R). HIGM1 results from a partial failure of the interaction between T helper cells and B cells owing to mutation of the ligand (CD40L) expressed on T cells which normally interacts with B cell receptor CD40. The WAS protein has recently been identified as the mutated protein in the WAS, although it has not yet been fully characterized. Analysis of X-inactivation in different hematopoietic cell lineages of carrier females has been done to identify the lineage affected by the genetic defect: non random X-inactivation is observed in cell lines where the mutated protein plays a fundamental role. Moreover, X-inactivation analysis serves as a test to identify obligate carriers and to perform prenatal diagnosis. These results have enabled better understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying some immunodeficiencies and have laid the foundation for future therapeutic possibilities.
Adult↗