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Biomedical subjects

A Bron

Publications and source records attributed to A Bron.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Hemorrhage].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Eye Hemorrhage↗
PubMed2000

[Relevance of quality of life and treatment compliance measurement in patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma].

Chronic glaucoma is a severe disease that can induce blindness.Early diagnosis and symptomatic treatment reduce the risk of blindness. Treatment that will be started before the onset of clinical signs and will remain lifelong thereafter is troublesome, and therapeutic compliance is usually poor. Thus, quality of life (QOL) measurement in patients with chronic glaucoma has a particular purpose: to measure patients' perception of the disease and treatment in order to maintain good treatment compliance to ensure therapeutic management efficacy and to preserve visual function. No glaucoma-specific instrument is available in the medical and QOL literature. Various generic(SF-36, SF-20 and SIP) and specific(VAQ, VF-14, NEI-VFQ) QOL questionnaires,one glaucoma-specific symptomatic scale (GSS),and one treatment preference scale (COMTol) have been used to measure QOL in glaucoma patients. These instruments do not sufficiently measure the psychosocial dimension of the disease and the QOL impact of treatment. An instrument able to measure all dimensions needs to be developed in order to help ophthalmologists in the therapeutic management of their patients and to measure QOLin patients in the successive stages of the disease.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1999

[Infectious uveitis].

Half a century ago, bacterial diseases such as tuberculosis and syphilis were thought to cause the majority of cases of uveitis. Nowadays, a number of infectious diseases are responsible for uveitis. In our countries, herpes virus and toxoplasmosis are the principal causes of uveitis. Furthermore, because specific antimicrobial therapy can be curative and prevent long-term visual sequel, early diagnosis of infectious causes of uveitis should be a priority for all practitioners.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Reflective meniscometry: a non-invasive method to measure tear meniscus curvature.

AIMS: To devise a method to measure tear meniscus curvature by a non-invasive specular technique. METHODS: A photographic system was devised. The system consisted of a camera and an illuminated target with a series of black and white stripes oriented parallel to the axis of the lower tear meniscus. The target was mounted on a flash gun close to the objective of a Brown macrocamera and calibrated using a graduated series of glass capillaries of known diameter, ground down to expose the inner wall. It was then applied to normal human eyes (n = 45) to measure the tear meniscus curvature. A video system was also assessed which provided qualitative online information about the tear meniscus. RESULTS: Using the photographic system, measured values for capillary radii were in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations (r2 = 0.996, p < 0.0001). The radii of curvature of lower tear menisci in normal human subjects (mean 0.365 (SD 0.153) mm, range 0.128-0.736; n = 45) were similar to those reported in the literature. Both systems demonstrated variations in meniscus shape. The video system provided stable images of human menisci over prolonged periods of time and promises to be useful for the analysis of dynamic changes in meniscus volume. CONCLUSIONS: Reflective meniscometry is a non-invasive technique providing quantitative information about tear meniscus shape and volume and of potential value in the study of ocular surface disease.

Calibration↗
PubMed1999

Mucosal inflammation in severe glucocorticoid-dependent asthma.

To improve our understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms underlying severe disease, a biopsy study was performed comparing 15 clinically unstable glucocorticoid-dependent asthmatics, 10 mild asthmatics, and 10 control subjects. Compared with mild asthma, severe asthma was characterized by reduced mucosal eosinophilia. Whilst no significant differences were found in the numbers of mast cells, neutrophils, CD3+ and CD4+ T-cells between the three groups, up to a 4-fold increase In the numbers of activated T-lymphocytes bearing the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor (IL-2R) was found in the mucosa in severe asthma compared to mild asthma (p = 0.03) and control subjects (p = 0.003). Compared to control subjects, the mucosa of severe asthmatics contained significantly (p = 0.02) higher numbers of IL-5+ cells, with no differences between mild and severe disease. In contrast, staining for the anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody 3H4 revealed that biopsies from mild asthmatics contained more IL4+ cells than biopsies from severe asthmatics and control subjects (p = 0.0008). In the severe asthmatics, a close correlation (r(s) = 0.76, p = 0.005) was found between the numbers of IL-2R-bearing cells and the variability in peak expiratory flow. In conclusion, persistent T-cell activation is a prominent feature of severe asthma. These results also indicate that interleukin-5, and not interleukin-4, is upregulated in severe disease.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1999

[Is corneal thickness measurement reliable and useful?].

PURPOSE: We evaluated the accuracy and the reproducibility of central corneal thickness measurements using an ultrasound pachymeter, and its usefulness in clinical practice. METHODS: We calculated the intra-observer, inter-observer, and inter-session variability in control subjects (n = 38). We observed the diurnal variation (n = 8) and the role of surgery (n = 12) on central corneal thickness. We measured and compared central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in 6 groups (control subjects n = 134, primary open-angle glaucoma n = 111, ocular hypertension n = 66, normal tension glaucoma n = 12, diabetes mellitus n = 62, corneal graft n = 27). We studied the influence of dorzolamide on central corneal thickness (n = 16). RESULTS: The intra-observer variability was 9 +/- 4 microns, whereas the inter-observer and inter-session variabilities were 4 microns and 5% m respectively. The central corneal thickness in patients with ocular hypertension (587 +/- 41 microns) was significantly greater than control subjects (548 +/- 32 microns) and all the other groups (p < 0.001). No influence of dorzolamide was observed on central corneal thickness. CONCLUSION: Central corneal thickness assessed with an ultrasound pachymeter may be a useful and accurate method in selected patients whose intraocular pressure measurement does not correlate with other clinical findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

CA 19-9 ELISA test: a new method for studying mucus changes in tears.

AIMS: This study investigated mucus changes in the tears in various eye conditions using impression cytology. The quantity of mucins was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the tumour marker CA 19-9. This assay quantifies the sialylated Lewis(a) structure mainly associated with ocular mucins. METHODS: Impression cytology was performed using a cellulose nitrate membrane, on 53 healthy patients, 50 glaucoma patients treated with beta blockers, 24 patients suffering from dry eye syndrome, and 45 contact lens wearers. The tear film glycoproteins were eluted and CA 19-9 was measured. RESULTS: CA 19-9 content expressed as kilo units (kU) per microgram of tears was significantly decreased in dry eye syndrome (25.8 kU (SD 17.3)/microgram) (p < 0.05), glaucoma patients over 60 years (28.9 (19.5) kU/microgram) (p < 0.05), and contact lens wearers (28.4 kU (18)/microgram) (p < 0.05), when compared with healthy individuals (39.4 kU (22.2)/microgram). CONCLUSION: Impression cytology can be regarded as a valuable method for obtaining samples of glycoconjugates of mucin. The decrease of sialylated chains observed with this method confirms the hypothesis that some quantitative changes in the tear film may be encountered in ocular surface disorders.

Adult↗