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Biomedical subjects

A Bristow

Publications and source records attributed to A Bristow.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Total intravenous anaesthesia in stereotactic surgery--one year's clinical experience.

The technique of stereotactic intracranial surgery is described together with a total intravenous anaesthetic technique (TIVA) using a propofol infusion, fentanyl, vecuronium and oxygen in air. One year's results are reported for patients undergoing biopsy or destruction of an intracranial lesion. This technique offered cardiovascular stability and an adequate depth of anaesthesia for the various stages required in stereotaxis. Recovery was rapid and with few side-effects. Duration of anaesthesia and total dose of propofol did not significantly prolong the time to recovery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Subcutaneous ketamine analgesia: postoperative analgesia using subcutaneous infusions of ketamine and morphine.

A series consisting of 32 women undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy received a standard narcotic-free anaesthetic. For the first 24 h postoperatively, eight were given the standard regimen of intramuscular morphine sulphate whilst the other three groups received continuous subcutaneous infusions of either morphine sulphate, ketamine hydrochloride or the two drugs combined. The amount of time they were pain free, the incidence of sleep and nausea, together with cardiovascular and respiratory changes were recorded. All three subcutaneous regimens produced significantly more pain-free readings than intramuscular morphine, but ketamine resulted in higher respiratory rates and less sleepiness. No patient reported psychomimetic side effects, but ketamine on its own produced feelings of malaise in three patients on the second postoperative day. Subcutaneous infusions provide better postoperative analgesia than intermittent intramuscular morphine. Ketamine on its own cannot be advocated, but combined with morphine it allows a single infusion rate to be used for all patients, decreasing the need for nursing and medical involvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Lumbar sympathectomy in the management of rectal tenesmoid pain.

Lumbar sympathectomy was performed in twelve patients whose main or sole complaint was rectal tenesmus resulting from pelvic carcinoma, and in whom psychotropic drugs had failed to control their symptom. Following bilateral chemical lumbar sympathectomy, ten patients achieved complete relief and one patient achieved partial relief. No patient achieving relief had recurrence of their tenesmoid pain. Patients were followed up for between three days and seven months. No complications were noted except temporary hypotension in one patient. It is concluded that lumbar sympathectomy is a safe and effective treatment for rectal tenesmus and may be the treatment of choice if pharmacological methods have failed to control this symptom.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A simple sensitive bioassay for interleukin-1 which is unresponsive to 10(3) U/ml of interleukin-2.

A subclone, NOB-1, of the mouse EL-4 line constitutively produces very little interleukin-2 but in response to interleukin-1 produces high concentrations of interleukin-2. Co-stimulation with mitogen, phorbol esters or calcium ionophores was not required. NOB-1 is not responsive to tumour necrosis factor alpha, tumour necrosis factor beta, interferon gamma and lipopolysaccharide. The NOB-1 line was used in conjunction with a CTLL line to detect less than 1 pg/ml interleukin-1. Rapid assay was performed by co-culturing the EL-4 cells with CTLL cells. By incorporating a pre-incubation step, followed by thorough washing of the EL-4 cells, responses to interleukin-1 were maintained, but interleukin-2 had no effect. The assay was used to detect interleukin-1 in serum samples and to evaluate neutralizing antisera to interleukin-1.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Takayasu's arteritis. Report of an unusual case.

The progression from the early pre-pulseless to the pulseless state in an unusual case of Takayasu's arteritis is presented. Several uncommon associated features are also described. The importance of the findings is briefly discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Low-dose synthetic narcotic infusions for cerebral relaxation during craniotomies.

Thirty patients undergoing craniotomies were given infusions of fentanyl 1 microgram X kg-1 X hr-1, sufentanil 0.1 microgram X kg-1 X hr-1, or normal saline in a double-blind study of cerebral relaxation. Significantly better relaxation scores were achieved in patients given a narcotic infusion, but there was no difference between the scores with the two narcotics. Infusions of narcotics at these low rates did not delay recovery or alter the requirement for other anesthetic agents. Narcotic infusion rates that do not delay recovery or alter depth of anesthesia significantly improve cerebral relaxation.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The ISOBM TD-7 Workshop on hCG and related molecules. Towards user-oriented standardization of pregnancy and tumor diagnosis: assignment of epitopes to the three-dimensional structure of diagnostically and commercially relevant monoclonal antibodies directed against human chorionic gonadotropin and derivatives.

The ISOBM TD-7 hCG Workshop was established to characterize the molecular epitope structure and specificities of a panel of diagnostically relevant monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and its derivatives, and to consider how this information could be used to improve comparability of immunoassay results for these analytes. In this multicenter study, 27 MAbs have been characterized in detail as to their main and fine specificities by direct binding-, competitive- and sandwich-RIA, -ELISA, BIAcore and Western blotting. Antigens used in the study included the upcoming first WHO reference reagents for immunoassay, i.e. nick-free hCG (hCG), nicked hCG (hCGn), hCG alpha-subunit (hCGalpha), hCG beta-subunit (hCGbeta), nicked hCG beta-subunit (hCGbetan), hCG beta-core fragment (hCGbetacf), synthetic peptides of hCGbeta C-terminal peptide (hCGbetaCTP), and homologous hormones, luteinizing hormone (LH) and subunits (LHbeta) from various species. Correct classification of blinded internal controls demonstrated the reliability of the MAb referencing approach. Three-dimensional molecular epitope assignment was possible in many instances by comparing immunoreactivity of the ISOBM MAbs (n = 27) to a large panel of MAbs (n = 18) previously well characterized in the Innsbruck (P.B.) and Paris (J.M.B.) laboratories. All three major antibody specificities (alpha, n = 1; beta, n = 21; alphabeta, n = 5) were represented in the TD-7 MAb panel. HCGbeta MAbs could further be subdivided into (i) those recognizing hCGbeta only (epitopes: beta(6), n = 1; beta(7), n = 2; beta(14), n = 1) and (ii) those recognizing hCGbeta + hCG (beta1, beta2, beta4, beta5, n = 10; beta8 and beta9, n = 9). Members of the latter group were specific either for hCG + hCGbeta + hCGbetacf (beta1, n = 3) or hCG + hCGbeta + hCGbetaCTP (beta8, n = 6; beta9, n = 1) or in addition to hCG + hCGbeta + hCGbetacf recognized hLH/hLHbeta to a minor (beta2, n = 3; beta4, n = 3) or similar degree (beta5, n = 1). Epitopes were (i) located on the first and third loops protruding from the cystine knot of hCGbeta (beta2-beta6, aa hCGbeta20-25 and 68-77), (ii) presumably centered around the knot itself (beta1), or (iii) on hCGbetaCTP (epitope beta8 = hCGbeta141-144, beta9 = hCGbeta113-116). The ISOBM panel of MAbs represents all major epitope specificities suitable for the design of specific sandwich immunoassays. High analyte variability in serum and urine during the course of pregnancy and tumor development favors certain epitope combinations. For routine diagnostic purposes, assays recognizing a broad spectrum of hCG/hCGbeta variants such as hCG + hCGn + hCGbeta + hCGbetan + hCGbetacf + -CTPhCG + -CTPhCGbeta may be useful. Low cross-reactivity against related glycoprotein hormones (e.g. hLH) and their derivatives is mandatory. These criteria are best met by combinations of MAbs directed against epitopes located around the cystine knot (beta1) and against those encompassing the top of loops 1 and 3 on hCGbeta (beta2, beta4). The first WHO reference reagents for immunoassay of hCG and hCG-related molecules being prepared by the IFCC should facilitate characterization of what assays for 'hCG' are measuring. The next step towards improving between-laboratory comparability of measurements of hCG/hCG derivatives in pregnancy and oncology is provided by results of this TD-7 Workshop.

Animals↗