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Biomedical subjects

A Breit

Publications and source records attributed to A Breit.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Thrombocytopenia-induced parenchyma hemorrhage in a newborn infant. A contribution to the etiology of so-called arachnoid cysts].

We report on a newborn baby with thrombocytopenia who developed neonatal seizures caused by a temporal lobe hemorrhage as shown by cerebral ultrasonography. This hemorrhage was followed by a cyst isodense to intracerebral fluid. Differential diagnostic aspects concerning the etiology of arachnoideal cysts will be discussed in relation to the post-hemorrhagic course and the sonographic or the magnetic resonance tomography findings respectively.

Arachnoid Cysts↗
PubMed1990

[Significance of reprocessed 3D gradient echo sequences in spinal MRT for surgical interventions in syringomyelia].

Taking a patient with advanced syringomyelia as an example, the article presents a method in which reprocessed 3D-gradient echo sequences from spinal MRI allow centred reconstructions which show all sections of the syrinx, even where the spinal column is curved. This method played an essential role in satisfactorily determining the position of the syrinx for a median myelotomy which, according to clinical criteria, brought about an effective reduction in pressure from the syrinx.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The monitoring of gynecological radiotherapy using serial tumor marker determinations].

In 149 collum and 45 corpus carcinomas tumor marker concentrations in serum have been measured before, during and sex to eight weeks after termination of radiotherapy. For the collum carcinomas (average of FIGO I to IV) the sensitivity of CEA was found to be 51%, SCC 67%, CEA +SCC 80%. In corpus carcinomas CEA had low sensitivity and could not readily be used for therapy monitoring. However, in a number of cases CA125 was a good substitute. Six to eight weeks after termination of radiotherapy the average tumor marker levels have been declined by comparison with the pretherapeutic values (100%): For the collum carcinoma CEA dropped to 39%, SCC to 57%; for the corpus carcinoma CEA to 72%, CA 125 to 81%. The highest diagnostic information was gained by comparison of post-therapeutical tumor-marker levels with cut off values obtained from healthy women of the same age group. After treatment in 29 of 106 collum carcinomas CEA and or SCC levels did still exceed these cut off values. In eleven cases this marker elevation was due to paraaortic lymph node metastases, in seven cases a local tumor residue was discovered and in six cases general metastases. In corpus carcinomas the main reason for post-therapeutic elevated CA125 values also were paraaortic lymph node metastases. Thus, the use of serial tumor marker determination for control of gynecological radiotherapy is a helpful tool in early detecting local tumor residues and metastases. The decision making for further radiotherapeutical measures will be much easier, if accompanying tumor marker determinations have been done during primary radiotherapy.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1989

[CT and MRT of vertebral hemangiomas].

A retrospective comparative study of CT and MRI was carried out involving 38 vertebral haemangiomas; this revealed a typical signal pattern on MRI from benign lesions. It consists of a hyper-intense signal from the bone marrow affecting the T1/T2 sequences; this may be focal or involve the entire vertebral body. These characteristic signals were compared with CT images of the spine. The areas of bone that produce the high intensity signals on MRI appear on CT as spongy patterns with hypertrophic trabeculae surrounding mostly areas with negative absorption values. An analysis of the changes in the spongiosa has revealed three clearly defined types. The signals derived from haemangiomas extending beyond the bone have an intensity of normal spongiosa; this corresponds with an absence of fat, as demonstrated by CT. Extra-osseous components have low intensity T1 signals that increase in T2 sequences.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

First experiences with fission neutrons in the radiation therapy of cancer patients.

16 patients have been treated until October 1987 at the mixed reactor beam of the RENT-facility in Munich-Garching. All of them received a single dose of 200 to 250 cGy after complete conventional radiotherapy and in same cases also surgery because of the lack of complete tumor resection or local tumor control after radiation control. The ages ranged from 40 to 84 years. The follow-up amounted between two and 28 months, 8.5 months on the average. The tumors selected appeared to be particularly suitable because of their growth in poorly perfused tissues, after the previous surgery and/or radiotherapy. All cases are briefly reported. The general experience from the very limited study is promising. The local effects to the tumor tissue so far are impressive. No severe side effects which could be related to the RENT-session were observed until now.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Further development of the diagnostic possibilities of MR tomography. Combination of 3D sequences with a rapid image processing system].

Using 3-D Fourier analysis, it is possible during MR tomography to provide isotropic data of large volumes, ie. uniform spatial resolution with a voxel size of 1 mm3. If one uses a gradient echo sequence with a picture matrix of 256 X 256 X 128 voxels, then examination time is less than 15 minutes. The information contained in this enormous amount of data can be evaluated by means of rapid image analysis. The advantages of this method have been demonstrated by three examples from the head and the spine.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Percutaneous radiotherapy of cervical cancer].

Whereas the local effect of radiotherapy in the postoperative treatment of uterine cervix cancer developing lymphogenic metastases may be regarded as clearly demonstrated, there is no evidence of its effect on the survival of patients. A definite answer to this question is only possible on the basis of prospective studies. In primary radiotherapy, more importance than in former days is given to percutaneous irradiation which allows a more homogeneous dose to the small pelvis. According to the present state of knowledge it is not justified to do without contact therapy except in cases of a very advanced disease.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1985

The RENT-project: radiobiological results and planned clinical application.

Various preclinical tests have been performed to determine the properties of fast neutrons of a mean energy of 2 MeV produced by an U-235 converter plate in the research reactor of the Technical University of Munich. Experiments have been carried out using two specific beams denoted as RENT I and RENT II (RENT stands for Reaktor Neutron Therapy). RENT II is the unmodified beam with a dose rate of 65 rd/min and a gamma-contamination of nearly 50% in 2 cm depth of a perspex phantom. In RENT I the gamma-component is reduced to 25% after filtration of the beam with 2.5 cm lead, whereas the total dose rate is reduced to 22 rd/min.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Four years' experience with radiotherapy planning based on computed tomography (author's transl)].

Since 1976, radiotherapy planning is based on computed tomography in the Radio-Oncologic Department of the hospital of Passau. Every year we have about 1200 new tumor patients, 30 to 40% of them being submitted to an individual CT planning. So we are able to evaluate about 1000 cases of CT-planned radiotherapies. The single steps of CT planning are described. The position of the patient is an important factor for CT planning as well as for the subsequent irradiation. A topogram has been mounted on the tomograph in order to find out the best position and, in order to guarantee a precise reproduction of this position, identical laser systems have been installed on the tomograph and in the irradiation room. Some examples are presented in order to describe the mode of action of these devices. Furthermore, a new control method is presented which allows to check the accuracy of field screening by means of computed tomography.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Head and neck cancers. What's new in clinical oncology for the practicing ENT physician?].

An interdisciplinary evaluation is made of the most common forms of head and neck cancer, with emphasis on certain aspects.--In the field of x-ray diagnostics, computed tomography dominates varying importance being given to the individual organs. Nuclear medicine pays particular attention to skeletal scintigraphy and gallium scintigraphy. In radiation therapy, progress has been made especially through the use of optimal radiation planning as well as the use of the after-loading technique and neutron radiation. Antineoplastic chemotherapy is currently being used as palliative treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy and as the first step towards a curative therapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗