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A Braun

Publications and source records attributed to A Braun.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Nerve growth factor induces increased airway inflammation via a neuropeptide-dependent mechanism in a transgenic animal model of allergic airway inflammation.

BACKGROUND: Nerve growth factor (NGF) exerts an important functional impact on the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Data obtained in animal models of allergic bronchial asthma indicate that NGF alters sensory nerve function and promotes allergic inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivity, and airway obstruction. OBJECTIVE: To further delineate the effects of NGF on airway inflammation, we employed a transgenic (tg) animal model of allergic inflammation and asthma. METHODS: NGF-tg mice, which overexpress NGF in Clara cells of the airways, were compared with wild-type (wt) littermates regarding their ability to mount IgE-related airway inflammatory responses. Mice were sensitized intraperitoneally to ovalbumin (OVA) and locally challenged via the airways according to established protocols. RESULTS: NGF-tg mice displayed enhanced levels of OVA-specific IgE antibody titres after repeated OVA aerosol exposure. In the airways, increased numbers of eosinophils were detected. These results were confirmed to be NGF specific, because similar results were obtained following local application of NGF into the airways of wt mice. The effect of NGF was partly mediated via neuropeptides, as treatment of OVA-sensitized NGF-tg mice with the dual neurokinin (NK) receptor NK-1/NK-2 antagonist partly prevented enhanced airway inflammation. CONCLUSION: The present data indicate an important functional role of NGF in allergic airway inflammation and point to an involvement of tachykinins as mediators of NGF effects.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Effect of diode laser and fluoride varnish on initial surface demineralization of primary dentition enamel: an in vitro study.

INTRODUCTION: Previous investigations have demonstrated improved enamel caries resistance after laser irradiation. The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the caries-preventive potential of 809 nm diode laser treatment of the enamel of primary teeth compared to topical fluoride application. METHODS: Eighty samples of sound primary teeth were embedded in plastic and stored in saline solution. The enamel surface of 80 samples was polished in an area of 2 x 2 mm. These tooth specimens were randomly assigned to one control and three test groups: (1) no treatment/control; (2) application of 0.1 mg of fluoride varnish (Duraphat) for 6 h; (3) diode laser application (809 nm, 140 mJ, 50 Hz, Ø 600 micro m fibre, contact mode, absorber, 1 min; ORA-LASER01 I.S.T.); and (4) combined application - laser/fluoride varnish. Caries-like lesions were created by pH-cycling. After lesion formation, longitudinal sections were taken and examined by polarized light microscopy. RESULTS: In the control group, all samples showed lesions up to 30 micro m in depth. After laser application, lesions could be identified in 15 out of 20 samples. Topical fluoride treatment in groups 2 (varnish) and 4 (laser/varnish) completely inhibited the development of caries-like lesions in all samples. CONCLUSION: In this in vitro investigation, topical fluoride treatment enhances the resistance of sound enamel of primary teeth more effectively than diode laser application.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed2004

Structured treatment and teaching of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired cognitive function--the DICOF trial.

BACKGROUND: Patient education is integral part of any diabetes therapy in Germany, but elderly patients are not able to follow the variety of topics comprising standard treatment and teaching programmes (TTP), primarily due to impaired neuropsychological function. This leads to deficits in diabetes knowledge and hindered ability for diabetes self-management. AIM: To evaluate structured TTP for geriatric patients with impaired cognitive function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A neuropsychological examination was performed on all patients over 54 years [n=102, age 68.6 +/- 8.7 years, diabetes duration 10.3 (0.03-35.4) years, HbA1c 10.3 +/- 1.7% (HPLC, Diamat, NR 4.5-6.3%), cognitive function 87.7 +/- 12.3 IQ points] who took part in TTP for insulin therapy. Patients with impaired cognitive function participated either in the standard TTP of Berger [n = 35, age 67.6 +/- 8.9 years, diabetes duration 9.9 (0.04-35.4) years, HbA1c 10.3 +/- 2.0%] or in the specialized structured geriatric DICOF-TTP [n=33, age 70.4 +/- 8.2 years, diabetes duration 10.4 (0.03-24.9) years, HbA1c 10.7 +/- 1.8%]. RESULTS: After TTP there were no differences in knowledge and ability for diabetes self-management (standard/DICOF: knowledge 11.0 +/- 2.6 vs. 12.2 +/- 2.7 points, P = 0.11; handling 14.9 +/- 3.3 vs. 15.9 +/- 2.5 points, P = 0.18). However, patients who took part in the DICOF programme showed better scores in satisfaction with the education programme [standard/DICOF 44.7 (31-57) vs. 52.5 (45-59) points, P < 0.001]. Six months later the DICOF participants showed better results regarding diabetes self-management (standard/DICOF: handling 12.5 +/- 4.1 vs. 15.9 +/- 3.1 points, P = 0.001). Both groups showed HbA1c decrease (8.3 +/- 1.4 vs. 8.5 +/- 1.3%, P=0.62) and similar incidence of acute complications. CONCLUSIONS: Elderly patients with impaired cognitive function should take part in specialized structured TTP. This leads to both better satisfaction with the education programme and an improved ability for diabetes self-management.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Cognitive function and quality of diabetes care in patients with Type-2-diabetes mellitus in general practitioner practice.

INTRODUCTION/AIMS: The goal of the trial was the assessment of the quality of diabetes control and the cognitive function of all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated in a randomly selected general practitioner practice in Thuringia, Germany. Furthermore possible interactions between patients' quality of diabetes control and their cognitive function should be analysed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The investigation comprised all 141 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (age 67.3 +/- 10.5 years, body-mass index 29.3 +/- 4.5 kg/m2, patients without insulin therapy: n = 102, with insulin therapy: n = 39) who were patients at the general practitioner practice in Wandersleben, Thuringia, Germany, between November 1999 and April 2000. RESULTS: The mean HbA1c of all patients examined was 6.33 +/- 1.1% (normal range 3.5-6.8%). 55 patients were treated with diet (HbA1c 5.7 +/- 0.76%) and 47 patients were given oral antidiabetic drugs (HbA1c 6.5 +/- 0.76 %). 27/47 (57.4%) patients were treated with sulfonylurea, 37/47 (78,7%) with metformin, 3/47 (6,4%) with acarbose and 7/47 (14.9%) patients received glinides. 18/47 (38,3%) patients had combinations out of two or more oral antidiabetic drugs. A total of 39 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were treated with insulin (HbA1c 7.0 +/- 1.24%). The premorbide cognitive function of the patients was 97.9 +/- 10.0 IQ-points. It was significantly better than the actual cognitive function (91.8+/-13.5 IQ-points, p<0.001). The actual cognitive function showed a correlation with patient's age (r = -0.28, p = 0.001), educational level (r = -0.25, p = 0.006) and profession (r = -0.29, p = 0.001). Performing multivariate analysis the premorbide cognitive function (b = 0.53, p<0.001) and patient's age (b = -0.32, p<0.001) showed associations with the actual cognitive function (R-square =0.36). Associations with the HbA1c (R-square = 0.37) showed the frequency of blood glucose self monitoring (beta = 0.38, p<0.001), the blood glucose value at the time of examination (beta = 0.34, p<0.001) and the diabetes duration (beta = 0.16, p = 0.03). There were no associations between actual cognitive function and other parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The data from this trial presents evidence which shows that treatment by general practitioners can enable patients both with and without insulin therapy to achieve a high quality of diabetes control. Hence, the results derived from ambulatory evaluations of treatment programmes can not be automatically tansferred to patients treated at hospitals. Regarding inpatient treatment, adapted structured treatment and teaching programmes are mandatory.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Effect of smoking on risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus and renal insufficiency.

BACKGROUND: Many studies have been published demonstrating a strong correlation between smoking, renal lesions and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Possible contributing factors are elevated blood pressure values, changes in vascular reactivity, concentrations of lipids, fibrinogen and carboxyhemoglobin, in patients with diabetes mellitus, the quality of diabetes control and insulin resistance. Other possible risk factors may include advanced glycation end (AGE)-products, total plasma homocysteine and metabolites as well as symmetrical (SDMA) and asymmetrical (ADMA) dimethylarginine. It was the goal of the present trial to investigate the serum concentrations of these >new<, possible risk factors in a selection free population of patients with type 1 and insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus, in patients with chronic renal insufficiency and in renal transplant recipients. The second aim was to analyse the effect of cigarette smoking on the levels of these laboratory parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 544 subjects (n = 98 patients with chronic renal insufficiency without hemodialysis, n = 84 patients with hemodialysis, n = 50 renal transplant recipients, n = 114 patients with type 1 and n = 147 patients with insulin treated type 2 diabetes mellitus, n = 51 healthy controls) participated in the trial. RESULTS: Patients with renal insufficiency had significantly higher concentrations of the AGE-products N-epsilon-Carboxymethyllysine (CML) and pentosidine compared with both groups of patients with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus and the healthy controls. In patients with type 1 diabetes there was a positive correlation between HbA1c and the concentration of CML (r = 0.405, p = 0.017) and between the pentosidine-concentration and the serum creatinine-level (r = 0.482, p = 0.001). In type 2 diabetes there was a correlation between CML and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.239, p = 0.039). In comparison to the healthy controls, patients with renal diseases and patients after kidney transplantation had higher concentrations of total plasma homocysteine and its metabolites. Similar results were found for SDMA and ADMA: Patients with chronic renal insufficiency both with and without hemodialysis had significantly higher values than the renal transplant recipients and healthy controls. A clear influence of cigarette smoking on the levels of the laboratory parameters measured could not be determined in any group; neither in the patients with diabetes mellitus, nor in the patients with renal diseases, nor in the healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: The present trial demonstrates an increase in the parameters linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases including total plasma homocysteine, its metabolites, the dimethylarginines SDMA and ADMA and advanced glycation end-products depending on the degree of renal insufficiency. Moreover, in patients with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus, the concentrations of the AGE-products CML and pentosidine seem to be strongly influenced by the quality of diabetes control and blood pressure levels. There was no influence of cigarette smoking on the levels of the laboratory parameters measured.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The possibility of detecting subgingival calculus by laser-fluorescence in vitro.

The aim of the present study was to investigate laser-fluorescence effects on the root surface. The possibility of detecting subgingival calculus should be evaluated to control complete calculus removal after scaling and root planing. Twenty freshly extracted human teeth, partially covered with calculus on the root surface, were fixed on a translation stage. The specimens were irradiated by light from a laser source (diode laser, <1 mW) with a wavelength of 655 nm using the Diagnodent trade mark -system. To simulate the conditions in a periodontal pocket during the measurement procedure, the teeth were covered by a layer of physiological saline solution or blood in order to determine the influence of different inflammatory fluids. The root surface was scanned on a line of about 1 cm in steps of 0.5 mm. The start and end was marked by a notch. The results of the laser-fluorescence detection were compared to clinical and histological findings. Clinically apparent calculus on the root surface was always accompanied with a statistically significant increase of laser-fluorescence values ( p < 0.05). These values were not influenced by the different fluids ( p < 0.05). The laser-fluorescence values were reproducible ( p > 0.05). After scaling, when no debris remained at the root surface, laser-fluorescence values decreased significantly ( p < 0.05). The histological findings supported the clinical results. In conclusion, the present study indicates that laser-fluorescence values on the root surface are strongly correlated to the presence of calculus. This fluorescence effect can basically be used to develop a new detecting system for subgingival calculus in periodontal pockets.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2003

Effect of anti-nerve growth factor on early and late airway responses in allergic rats.

BACKGROUND: The increased production of nerve growth factor (NGF) has been associated with allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and enhanced airway inflammation in experimental models of asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a local application of anti-NGF to the lungs may affect the allergen-specific early (EAR) and late (LAR) airway responses to ovalbumin (Ova) of Ova-sensitized brown Norway rats. METHODS: Rats were sensitized systemically with Ova and were boosted twice intratracheally with Ova aerosol using a microsprayer. Two hours before every boost, the animals were pretreated either with aerosolized anti-NGF or with a control antibody. On day 21, all animals were challenged with inhalational Ova aerosol and pulmonary resistance was recorded in anesthetized, orotracheally intubated animals during the early and late asthmatic responses. In addition, differential cell counts from bronchoalveolar lavage and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were determined 48 h post-Ova challenge. RESULTS: Pretreatment with anti-NGF significantly attenuated the EAR but had no significant effect on the LAR. Serum IgE levels and inflammatory cell influx into the lungs were not affected by anti-NGF pretreatment. CONCLUSION: The data from this study suggest that NGF is directly involved in the development of the EAR without affecting the inflammatory airway response or LAR.

Aerosols↗
PubMed2003

Endodontic and surgical treatment of a geminated maxillary incisor.

AIM: A geminated maxillary incisor required complex multidisciplinary treatment to preserve health and restore aesthetics. This report describes the coordination of coronal division, root extraction, bone grafting, endodontic treatment and orthodontics in achieving treatment goals. It is the intention of this report to show how a difficult case could be managed by properly coordinated multidisciplinary care. SUMMARY: Pulp testing of the geminated central right maxillary incisor gave a normal response. Radiographic investigation indicated a connection of the pulp chambers. Both the mesial and distal root were filled with gutta-percha. The connection between the two root canals was sealed with a flowable dentine-bonded resin. After dividing the crown with a diamond bur, the mesial part of the tooth was removed and the extraction socket was filled with beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramic (Cerasorb). Radiographs taken immediately after surgery and after 6 months showed no periodontal or periapical lesions. No signs of external resorption were identified. The diastema between the central incisors was closed by orthodontic treatment. KEY LEARNING POINTS: Geminated teeth may present aesthetic and functional problems which require multidisciplinary care. Careful clinical and radiographic examination is essential to decide on the fate of the coronal and root halves involved. A proper coordination between endodontic and surgical treatment may result in maintaining one tooth half, even if a midroot connection between the pulp chambers becomes evident. Orthograde endodontic treatment, hemisection and orthodontics may solve the aesthetic problem of a geminated tooth.

Bone Substitutes↗
PubMed2003

Insulin pump therapy in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus: results of the Nationwide Quality Circle in Germany (ASD) 1999-2000.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Only a few specialised centres in Germany initiated insulin pump therapy before 1990. Initiation of pump therapy involves the participation in a structured treatment and teaching programme (TTP). During the last decade insulin pump therapy has been widely used. The impact of this decentralisation on the quality of care is still unknown. The aim of this trial was both to evaluate the outcome of insulin pump therapy outside specialised centres and to identify features that might be associated with persistently increased HbA1 c levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 250 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (age 36.0 +/- 13.1 years; diabetes duration 16.1 +/- 9.9 years), who were on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy during 1999 - 2000, were individually included in the study. Second examination was performed one year after participation in the in-patient TTP for insulin pump therapy. Patients were recruited from 21 member institutions of the Working Group for Structured Diabetes Therapy of the German Diabetes Association. Further details were sought by questionnaire on those patients with persistently increased HbA1c (> 1.7 fold of mean normal range.) RESULTS: One year after participation in the TTP for CSII relative HbA1c (original value/mean normal of the local method [Müller et al., 1999]) decreased from 1.51 (0.9 - 3.2) to 1.44 (0.9 - 3.6) (p < 0.0001), severe hypoglycaemia from 0.46 to 0.12/patient/year (p < 0.001), severe ketoacidosis from 0.08 to 0.05/patients/year (p = 0.003) and hospitalisation from 5.2 to 3.1 days/patient/year (p = 0.002). In 43/207 (17%) the incidence of severe hypoglycaemia was unchanged (before 0.12 and after TTP 0.14/patients/year), there was slight increase in severe ketoacidosis (before 0.15; after TTP 0.23/patients/year) and hospitalisation days were unchanged (before 4.5; after TTP 4.4 days/patients/year). The following factors were associated with adverse outcomes: psychological problems including eating disorders and alcohol abuse (28%), lack of interest in self-management (28%) and social problems (11%). In 28% there was no follow-up treatment by diabetologists specialised in pump therapy. CONCLUSION: The benefits of insulin pump therapy are improvement of HbA1c, reduction of hypoglycaemia, ketoacidosis and hospitalisation days as well as improved flexibility. It is possible to draw up a list of clinical criteria and service requirements, which are likely to reduce failures.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Dynamics of tight and adherens junctions under EGTA treatment.

The dynamics of tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs) under EGTA treatment were investigated in Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Detailed information about the behavior of TJ and AJ proteins during the opening and resealing of TJs and AJs is still scarce. By means of the "calcium chelation" method, the distribution and colocalization of junctional proteins were studied with confocal laser scanning microscopy using a deconvolution algorithm for high-resolution images. Colocalization was analyzed for pairs of the following proteins: ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1, E-cadherin and F-actin. Significant differences were found for the analyzed pairs in control cells compared to EGTA-treated cells with respect to the position of the colocalization maxima within the cell monolayers as well as with respect to the amount of colocalized voxels. Under EGTA treatment, colocalization for ZO-1/occludin, ZO-1/claudin-1, claudin-1/occludin, E-cadherin/occludin and E-cadherin/claudin-1 dropped below 35% of the control value. Only for the ZO-1/E-cadherin pair, the amount of colocalized voxels increased and a shift to a more basal position was observed. During the opening of TJs and AJs, ZO-1 colocalized with E-cadherin in the lateral membrane region, whereas in controls, ZO-1 colocalized with occludin and claudin-1 in the junctional complex. The combination of deconvolution with colocalization analysis of confocal data sets offers a powerful tool to investigate the spatial relationship of TJ and AJ proteins during assembly and disassembly of cell-cell contacts.

Adherens Junctions↗
PubMed2002

Clinical and microbiological effects of local chlorhexidine applications.

AIM: To study the effects of an application of chlorhexidine varnish (40%) on dental plaque. DESIGN: Randomised controlled clinical trial. SUBJECTS: 40 patients (50% females), aged 25-34 years after undergoing any necessary restorative treatment. Exactly one half of these individuals practiced good oral hygiene, the efforts of the others were poor. METHOD: Test groups received a chlorhexidine varnish application, the control group received a placebo varnish. Initially and after 2 and 6 weeks, a modified Dentocult SM-test, bleeding on probing, and a plaque index (Quigley-Hein) were recorded. RESULTS: In contrast to the control group, improvements in plaque index and bleeding on probing scores were found in patients with poor oral hygiene. The results of the Dentocult SM-tests showed a considerable reduction of streptococcus colonisation. The test group with good oral hygiene showed only slight improvement of the examined indices after chlorhexidine application. The index parameters of all patients of the placebo groups remained unchanged over the examination time period. CONCLUSION: The application of a chlorhexidine varnish reduced the quantity of the Streptococcus mutans colonies significantly and improved clinical parameters in patients with elevated plaque accumulation.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Analysis of the two common alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency alleles PiMS and PiMZ as modifiers of Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility in cystic fibrosis.

Lung disease is the direct cause of death in more than 90% of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Proteinase-antiproteinase imbalances are common in CF and alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency. We investigated the hypothesis that the AAT deficiency alleles PiS and PiZ contribute to pulmonary prognosis in CF. Two hundred and sixty-nine CF patients from Southern Germany were included in this study. The serum concentrations of AAT and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined by nephelometry, and patients were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction enzyme digest for the common AAT deficiency alleles PiS and PiZ. The onset of chronic bacterial colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pae) was correlated with the AAT phenotypes PiMM, PiMS and PiMZ. Only three out of nine CF patients (33%) diagnosed with either PiMS or PiMZ had developed chronic Pae lung infection earlier in their lives. The remaining six patients showing a PiMS or PiMZ phenotype showed a later onset of chronic Pae lung infection. Our results indicate that PiMS and PiMZ are not associated with worse pulmonary prognosis in CF. These data need to be confirmed in studies with a much larger number of cases.

Alleles↗
PubMed2002

Er:YAG laser scaling of diseased root surfaces.

BACKGROUND: The removal of calculus and plaque is an essential component of a therapeutic approach to control periodontal disease. Er:YAG laser scaling was recently introduced as an alternative to conventional scaling procedures. In this histological study, the effects of laser instrumentation of diseased root surfaces are compared to mechanical removal of plaque and calculus with ultrasonic instruments and scalers. METHODS: Areas of subgingival calculus were identified on 40 freshly extracted human teeth. Each of these areas was randomly divided into 2 equal parts. The control site was treated either with scaling and root planing or with an ultrasonic instrument. The test site was cleaned using an Er:YAG laser according to the manufacturer's instructions. The end point of debridement was the inability to mechanically or visibly detect any remaining calculus. After pre- and postsurgical photographs and impressions for scanning electronic microscopic investigation, a plastic embedding technique was used to cut the undecalcified roots into 15 microm thick sections. RESULTS: Clinically and histologically, scaling resulted in complete debridement at all samples, producing a smooth root surface. At the test sites, laser scaling was accompanied by an increased removal of tissue and roughened surfaces. CONCLUSIONS: Laser scaling results in an increased loss of cementum and dentin, which should be taken into account in clinical situations.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed2001

T cell activation in rheumatoid synovium is B cell dependent.

Rheumatoid arthritis results from a T cell-driven inflammation in the synovial membrane that is frequently associated with the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures. The significance of this extranodal lymphoid neogenesis is unknown. Microdissection was used to isolate CD4 T cells residing in synovial tissue T cell/B cell follicles. CD4 T cells with identical TCR sequences were represented in independent, nonadjacent follicles, suggesting recognition of the same Ag in different germinal centers. When adoptively transferred into rheumatoid arthritis synovium-SCID mouse chimeras, these CD4 T cell clones enhanced the production of IFN-gamma, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha. In vivo activity of adoptively transferred CD4 T cells required matching of HLA-DRB1 alleles and also the presence of T cell/B cell follicles. HLA-DRB1-matched synovial tissues that were infiltrated by T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, but that lacked B cells, did not support the activation of adoptively transferred CD4 T cell clones, raising the possibility that B cells provided a critical function in T cell activation or harbored the relevant Ag. Dependence of T cell activation on B cells was confirmed in B cell depletion studies. Treatment of chimeric mice with anti-CD20 mAb inhibited the production of IFN-gamma and IL-1beta, indicating that APCs other than B cells could not substitute in maintaining T cell activation. The central role of B cells in synovial inflammation identifies them as excellent targets for immunosuppressive therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Quantitative mutant analysis of viral quasispecies by chip-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

RNA viruses exist as quasispecies, heterogeneous and dynamic mixtures of mutants having one or more consensus sequences. An adequate description of the genomic structure of such viral populations must include the consensus sequence(s) plus a quantitative assessment of sequence heterogeneities. For example, in quality control of live attenuated viral vaccines, the presence of even small quantities of mutants or revertants may indicate incomplete or unstable attenuation that may influence vaccine safety. Previously, we demonstrated the monitoring of oral poliovirus vaccine with the use of mutant analysis by PCR and restriction enzyme cleavage (MAPREC). In this report, we investigate genetic variation in live attenuated mumps virus vaccine by using both MAPREC and a platform (DNA MassArray) based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Mumps vaccines prepared from the Jeryl Lynn strain typically contain at least two distinct viral substrains, JL1 and JL2, which have been characterized by full length sequencing. We report the development of assays for characterizing sequence variants in these substrains and demonstrate their use in quantitative analysis of substrains and sequence variations in mixed virus cultures and mumps vaccines. The results obtained from both the MAPREC and MALDI-TOF methods showed excellent correlation. This suggests the potential utility of MALDI-TOF for routine quality control of live viral vaccines and for assessment of genetic stability and quantitative monitoring of genetic changes in other RNA viruses of clinical interest.

Animals↗